Comparison of Bulk-Fill Composite Resins in Class II Restorations

November 14, 2025 updated by: Meriç Tuncer, Hacettepe University

Clinical Comparison of Convetional Bulk-Fill Composite Resins and Thermoviscous Bulk-Fill Composite Resins in Class II Restorations

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the clinical performance of Class II restorations of a thermoviscous nanohybrid materials , of a bulk-fill composite resin, and of conventional nanohyribrid bulk-fill composite resins .

Class II restorations will be performed in patients using three different restorative materials.And restorations will be evaluated using modified US Public Health Service criteria Resorations will be photograped and restorations will be evaluated for 6,12 months.

Study Overview

Status

Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the clinical performance of Class II restorations of a thermoviscous nanohybrid materials , of a bulk-fill composite resin, and of conventional nanohyribrid bulk-fill composite resins.

Methods and Materials: Class II restorations will be performed in patients using three different restorative materials: VisCalor Thermoviscous Bulk-Fill (VCB; a thermoviscous nanohybrid bulk-fill composite resin) , Admira Fusion x-tra ( AFT: a conventional nanohybrid bulk-fill composite resin) and 3M Filtek One Bulk-Fill Restprative (FOB: a conventional bulk-fill nanocomposite ) Futura Bond U adhesive will be used for both conventional bulk-fill composite resin restorations and thermoviscous bulk-fill composite resin restorations.

Criteria for inclusion of patients in the study : Healthy individuals without any systemic disease, patients who is between 18 and 60 years old, patiens who brush their teeth 2 times a day,voluntary individuals who have agreed to participate in the study and signed the illuminated consent form, who have been given initial periodontal treatment.

Criteria for not inclusion of volunteers in research:Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding ,patienrs with advanced periodontial disease,patiens using a moving segmental prosthesis,patiens who have maloclusions,patiens who have bruxism,patients with known allergies to resin-based restorative materials and binding agents

The restorations will be evaluated using modified US Public Health Service criteria in terms of retention, color match, marginal discoloration, anatomic form, marginal adaptation, secondary caries, postoperative sensitivity, and surface texture. Resorations will be photograped and restorations will be evaluated for 6,12 months

.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

54

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Ankara
      • Ankara, Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye), 06100
        • Hacettepe University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Healthy individuals without any systemic disease
  • Patients who is between 18 and 60 years old,
  • Patiens who brush their teeth 2 times a day
  • Voluntary individuals who have agreed to participate in the study and signed the illuminated consent form, who have been given initial periodontal treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding
  • Patients with advanced periodontial disease
  • Patiens using a moving segmental prosthesis
  • Patiens who have maloclusions,
  • Patiens who have bruxism,
  • Patients with known allergies to resin-based restorative materials and binding agents

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: VisCalor Bulk
Thermoviscous Bulkfill composite resin Warming of the material makes it flowable for the application and then sculptable immediately afterwards (thermoviscous technology) Optimal flowing to margins and undercut regions One universal and three aesthetic shades Cannula form
Device: VisCalor Bulk,VOCO,Germany

It was placed class II restorations.Before applying it, a 37% orthophosphoric acid will be injected into the cavity for 30 sec. on the enamel and 15 sec. on the dentin. Then, cavity will be rinsed with pressurized air and water for 15 sec. and Futura Bond U adhesive agent will be applied to the enamel and dentin surfaces using a disposable applicator for 20 sec. Then light air pressure will be applied for 5 sec., and then polymerization will be carried out for 10 sec. using LED light.

When it comes to the application of VisCalor , the VisCalor Gun , heating device will be used. A disposable composite capsule will be placed into the device, and it will be heated by selecting program 1 (65°C) for 30 sec. The material will remain hot for 2.5 min.

The nozzle of the capsule on the gun will be directly applied to the deepest part of the cavity, ensuring that the material is placed from bottom to top without exceeding 4 mm. Polymerization will be carried out with LED for 10 sec.
Active Comparator: Admira Fusion x-tra

Ormocer based bulkfill composite Purely ceramic-based, bulk fill restorative material Reliable curing of 4 mm layersby far the lowest polymerisation shrinkage (1.25 % by volume) and particularly low level of shrinkage stress, providing optimal marginal integrity.

inert, so excellent biocompatible and extremely resistant to discolouration Easy handling, simple high-lustre polishing procedure coupled with high surface hardness guarantee first-class long-term results Universal shade with chameleon effect
Device: Admira Fusion x-tra,VOCO,Germany

Admira Fusion x-tra composite resin was placed class II restorations. Before applying it an orthophosphoric acid with a concentration of 37% will be injected into the cavity for 30 sec. on the enamel and 15 sec. on the dentin. Then, cavity will be rinsed with pressurized air and water for 20 sec. And Futura Bond U adhesive agent will be applied to the enamel and dentin surfaces using a disposable applicator for 20 sec. Following the manufacturer's recommendations, light air pressure will be applied for 5 sec, and then polymerization will be carried out for 10 sec. using LED light with a power of 1200 mW/cm².

Afterwards bulk-fill composite will be placed in the cavity, ensuring that each layer does not exceed 4 mm, and appropriate occlusal shaping will be performed. Polymerization will be carried out with LED light for 20 seconds.
Active Comparator: Filtek One Bulk

Conventional bulkfill compositeFocused options powered by 3M technology help you complete posterior restorations in a single bulk placement.

5 shades avaible : A1, A2, A3, B1, and C2. Excellent adaptation and sculptability for fast, easy placement. One-step placement : Tackle deep cavities with up to 5 mm depth of cure
Device: Filtek One Bulk,3M,Germany

Filtek One Bulk composite resin was placed class II restorations. Before applyingthe material, a 37% orthophosphoric acid will be injected into the cavity for 30 sec. on the enamel and 15 sec. on the dentin, followed by rinsing the cavity with pressurized air and water for 20 sec.Then , adhesive agent will be applied to the enamel and dentin surfaces using a disposable applicator for 20 sec. Following the manufacturer's recommendations, light air pressure will be applied for 5 sec, and then polymerization will be carried out for 10 sec using LED light .

Afterwards, bulk-fill composite will be placed in the cavity, ensuring that each layer does not exceed 4 mm, and appropriate occlusal shaping will be performed. Polymerization will be carried out with LED light at a power of 1200 mW/cm² for 10 sec from all directions, following the manufacturer's recommendations.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Marginal Adaptation
Time Frame: From baseline to 18 month
Observers evaluated the restorations was performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding marginal adaptation. Marginal adaptation was evaluated by an independent clinician. Visual inspection with a mirror was performed . Scores; Alfa: Closely adapted, no visible crevice. Bravo: Visible crevice, explorer will penetrate. Charlie: Crevice in which dentin is exposed
From baseline to 18 month
Marginal Staining
Time Frame: From baseline to 18 month
Observers evaluated the restorations was performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding marginal staining. Marginal staining was evaluated by an independent clinician. Visual inspection with a mirror was performed . Scores: Alfa: No discoloration. Bravo: Discoloration without. Charlie: Discoloration with penetration in pulpal direction
From baseline to 18 month
Retention
Time Frame: From baseline to 18 month
Observers evaluated the restorations was performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding retention rate. Retention rate was evaluated by an independent clinician. Scores: Alfa: No loss of restorative material. Charlie: Any loss of restorative material
From baseline to 18 month
Seconder caries
Time Frame: From baseline to 18 month
Observers evaluated the restorations was performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding retention rate. Retention rate was evaluated by an independent clinician. Scores: Alfa: No caries present. Charlie: Caries present
From baseline to 18 month
Postoperative sensitivity
Time Frame: From baseline to 18 month
Observers evaluated the restorations was performed using the modified United State Public Health Service criteria regarding retention rate. Retention rate was evaluated by an independent clinician. Scores: Alfa: Not present. Bravo: sensitive but diminishing in intensity. . Charlie:constant sensitivity, not diminishing in intensity
From baseline to 18 month

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Hacettepe University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Nurdan Meserret Başeren, Prof.Dr., Hacettepe University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

December 12, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

June 15, 2024

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 15, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 8, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 8, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

January 18, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

November 18, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 14, 2025

Last Verified

November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • KA-22065

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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