Smartphone & Headphone Effects on Baropodometric Parameters

Effects of Smartphone and Headphone Usage on Baropodometric Parameters in Healthy Individuals

The goal of this observational study is to observe baropodometric parameters such as postural sway and foot pressure distrubiton in healthy young participants between the ages of 18-35. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• How does headphone usage affect baropodometric parameters in healthy young individuals?
• How does texting affect baropodometric parameters in healthy young individuals?
• How does headphone usage while texting affect baropodometric parameters in healthy young individuals?

Participants will:

• Only be evaluated once.
• Stand on the Baropodometric device platform while standing, texting, listening to music, texting while listening to music for the static and posturographic balance evaluation.
• Walk on the baropdometric device platform while standing, texting, listening to music, texting while listening to music for dynamic evaluation.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Postural; Defect; Dual Task; Smartphone Addiction
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Headphone and Smartphone Intervention

Detailed Description

During our daily lives, the individuals perform many functions simultaneously. Two devices that modern technology has brought us are headphones and mobile phones, both of which are commonly used. Studies have shown that posture oscillation changes during walking while using a phone, but same studies also stated that more comprehensive studies are needed. There is no study in the literature that examines postural oscillation and foot pressure distribution while listening to music with headphones and messaging. The aim of this observational study is to evaluate the postural oscillation and foot pressure distribution during headphone use and messaging in healthy participants aged 18-35. The sample size of 35 participants was determined based on a similar study example using G-Power analysis. Participants will be assesed at Hacettepe University, Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation. Participants will be selected based on eligibility criteria, and there will be only one group in the study; therefore, randomization will not be performed. Participants enrolled in the study will be evaluated using the FreeMED force platform (Sensor Medica, Italy). The platform itself is 40x40 cm in size and comes with two plates, each one meter long. When all components are assembled, a continuous surface of 2.4 meters is obtained. Participants will participate in static, posturographic, and dynamic evaluations. In each evaluation, participants will first stand still, then put on headphones and listen to music at 80 decibels with a tempo of 130 bpm, then type a message, and finally type a message while listening to music. Static evaluation will provide information about foot pressure distribution; posturographic evaluation will include Romberg tests with eyes open, eyes closed, standing on one foot, and standing on two feet; and dynamic evaluation will assess participants' walking phases and speed. The statistical analysis of the study will be performed using SPSS 23.0 software.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 35

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Ankara, Turkey
    • Hacettepe University
  • Ankara, Turkey, 06800
    • Hatice Cetin

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Healthy young people who are volunteering to participate the study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Agreeing to participate in the study voluntarily,
• Being between the ages of 18-35

Exclusion Criteria:

• Not agreeing to participate in the study voluntarily.
• Having a congenital spinal cord anomaly
• Existing neurological, orthopedic, inflammatory, cardiovascular, rheumatological, vestibular problems
• Having a surgical history of the spinal region

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Headphone and Smartphone Usage Group; The group where participants listen to music while messaging and also where these activities are evaluated separately. The only group in the study.	Other: Headphone and Smartphone Intervention; Asessment of participants' static balance and pressure distrubiton, posturographic balance and dynamic balance whilst using headphones and messaging.; Other Names: FreeMed Baropodometric Device

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Baropodometer assessments- Static pressure distribution	Pressure distribution will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be percentages.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assessments- Posturographic center of gravity	Center of gravity will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assessments- Posturographic oscillations	Oscillations will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assesments - Posturographic Sway Length	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assesments - Posturographic Displacement Towards X and Y axis	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assessments- Posturographic average sway velocity	Sway velocity will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be degrees.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assessments- Dynamic average surface	Average surface will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be cm.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assessments- Dynamic average speed	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be milimeters/second.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Baropodometer assesments - Dynamic Gait Phase Durations	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and the recording measurement unit will be percentages	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Feet Loading Pattern - Dynamic Longitudinal Arc	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and will be used to asses the feet loading pattern.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Feet Loading Pattern - Forefoot Reatfoot Load	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and will be used to asses the feet loading pattern.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes
Feet Loading Pattern - Medial Lateral Load	It will be assessed with FreeMed baropodometric platform and will be used to asses the feet loading pattern.	through study intervention, an average of 15 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory	The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory is a 20-item self-report measure to monitor how often individuals engaged in cognitive behavioural thought challenging interventions. The total score ranges between 20 and 140, where higher scores indicate more cognitive flexibility.	At Baseline
Forward Head Posture	It will be assessed with a digital inclinometer, the measurement unit will be in degrees.	At Baseline
New York Posture Assesment	This form will assess participants' postural alignment. Total scores range from 13 to 65, with results categorized as: 'excellent' (above 45), 'good' (40-44), 'fair' (30-39), 'poor' (20-29), and 'very poor'.	At Baseline
International Physical Activity Questionnaire	This form will assess participants' physical fitness and well-being. Based on MET minutes per week, the results are categorized into three activity levels: inactive, minimally active and very active.	At Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Hacettepe University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Hatice Cetin, Hacettepe University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 25, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 28, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): October 23, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 29, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 2, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): May 6, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 24, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 23, 2024
• Last Verified: October 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Balance; Gait; Smartphone addiction; Messaging; Postural oscillation; Headphone use; Foot Pressure Distrubition; Daily activites
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Technology Addiction; Compulsive Behavior; Impulsive Behavior; Internet Addiction Disorder; Behavior, Addictive
• Other Study ID Numbers: SPP

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No