Exercises on Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM)

Effects of Different Types of Exercises on Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

This study aimed to assess the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise on postprandial blood glucose levels in children and adolescents aged 10 - 18 years, diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) for at least 1 year, attending the Pediatric diabetes clinic at Sohag University Hospital and using multiple daily insulin (MDI) regimen.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Aerobic and resistance exercises

Detailed Description

The participants will be admitted at the pediatric department, Sohag University Hospital for 1 week. Full history taking, thorough clinical examination, review of participants' medical files and assessment of their basal insulin doses ,Insulin to carbohydrate ratio(ICR) and Insulin sensitivity factor (ISF) will be done if required. During hospitalization, the study participants will be familiarized with the types of the exercises used and how to perform each exercise carefully with the help of an exercise specialist before the experimental sessions. The pre-exercise lunch meal will be standardized to provide 30% of the total daily caloric requirement for the study participant (50% carbohydrate, 30% fat and 20% protein). The meal will consist of rice, chicken breast, vegetables and fruits. The Lunch meals will be consumed at the pediatric department, Sohag university hospital at 2 PM. The meal will be consumed within 20 minutes. Each participant will be assigned to perform either the aerobic or the resistance exercise sessions following the lunch meal in a random sequence by the withdrawal of a sealed envelope containing a paper with a written random sequence of the two exercise sessions. The envelope will be withdrawn randomly and opened immediately before the first exercise session. The other type of exercise session will be performed after 48 hours.

Participants will wear a bracelet heart rate monitor during the exercise sessions. Each participant will perform each of the following 2 exercise sessions 30 minutes after the lunch meal in a random sequence with 48-hour period between the 2 exercise sessions

• Aerobic exercise session: A 30-minutes of brisk walking exercise on an indoor track without speed walking or running .
• Resistant exercise session: A 30-minutes of resistance exercise using rubber bands including warm-up and cool-down periods. Rubber band exercises are composed of seven exercises: squat, leg extension, pull apart, seated row, standing biceps curl, overhead press and lateral raise. Each exercise consists of three sets of 10 repetitions with 1 minute rest between each exercise set.

Following the exercise session, participants will be allowed to perform only sedentary activities. No food or drink - except water - will be allowed for the following 5 hours unless needed to correct hypoglycemia.

The participants will be instructed to avoid exercise the day before and on the same day of the experimental session. Capillary blood glucose level measured by a calibrated finger-prick blood glucose meter before the meal , immediately prior to exercise (30 minutes before the start of the meal), after the exercise (60 minutes after the start of the meal) and then every hour throughout the 6-hour postprandial period.

The blood glucose excursion throughout the 6-hour postprandial period is the primary outcome measure of the study. Secondary outcome measures included the time to peak and time to lowest blood glucose levels, blood glucose area under the curve (AUC) and the frequency of postprandial hypoglycemia among the study participants.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 49
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Sohag, Egypt
    • Sohag University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children and adolescents aged 10 - 18 years, diagnosed with T1DM for at least 1 year

Exclusion Criteria:

• Children and adolescents with associated diseases such as autoimmune hypothyroidism or celiac disease and those with diabetes-related complications such as diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy or nephropathy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Children and adolescents aged 10-18 years, diagnosed with T1DM for at least 1 year; Each participant will be assigned to perform either the aerobic or the resistance exercise sessions following the lunch meal in a random sequence by the withdrawal of a sealed envelope containing a paper with a written random sequence of the two exercise sessions. The envelope will be withdrawn randomly and opened immediately before the first exercise session. The other type of exercise session will be performed after 48 hours.

Behavioral: Aerobic and resistance exercises; Aerobic exercise session: A 30-minutes of brisk walking exercise on an indoor track without speed walking or running .; Resistant exercise session: A 30-minutes of resistance exercise using rubber bands including warm-up and cool-down periods. Rubber band exercises are composed of seven exercises: squat, leg extension, pull apart, seated row, standing biceps curl, overhead press and lateral raise. Each exercise consists of three sets of 10 repetitions with 1 minute rest between each exercise set.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The blood glucose excursion throughout the 6-hour postprandial period.	Capillary blood glucose level measured by a calibrated finger-prick blood glucose meter.	Before the meal, immediately prior to exercise (30 minutes after the start of the meal), after the exercise (60 minutes after the start of the meal) and then every hour throughout the 6-hour postprandial period.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Blood glucose area under the curve (AUC)	Capillary blood glucose level measured by a calibrated finger-prick blood glucose meter.	6 hours after the meal.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sohag University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 31, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): August 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 2, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 7, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): November 8, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 23, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 22, 2025
• Last Verified: December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Endocrine System Diseases; Metabolic Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Diabetes Mellitus; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
• Other Study ID Numbers: Soh-Med-15-10__2MS

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No