Effectiveness of Different Exercise Programmes in Individuals With Dynamic Knee Valgus

Dynamic knee valgus (DDV) is an erroneous movement pattern of the lower limb that occurs in multiple planes. It results from a combination of hip joint adduction, femoral anteversion, knee abduction and external tibial torsion .

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Knee Valgus
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: control; Other: foot exercise; Other: hip exercise

Detailed Description

Dynamic knee valgus (DDV) is an erroneous movement pattern of the lower limb that occurs in multiple planes. It results from a combination of hip joint adduction, femoral anteversion, knee abduction and external tibial torsion . DDV is also referred to as a mechanism in which the knee joint moves medially relative to the hip and foot with the centre fixed to the ground.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 38
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • None Selected
    • Istanbul, None Selected, Turkey, 34353
      • bahcesehır University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion criteria:

• Age between 18-50 years.
• Absence of any lower extremity pain.
• Having a frontal plane projection angle of 10 and above in the descent phase of squatting on one leg.
• Having active or regular physical activity.
• Volunteering to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria:

• Active knee pain.
• History of patellar instability.
• Presence of rheumatic diseases such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis.
• History of trauma or injury causing ligament laxity in the ankle, hip or knee.
• Having a neurological disease that may impair the ability to perform any lower limb movement.
• Having undergone any lower extremity surgery before.
• Having received physiotherapy from hip, knee and ankle in the last 6 months.
• To be benefiting from another treatment during the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: foot Exercise; foot exercise	Other: foot exercise; foot exercise
Experimental: hip exercise	Other: hip exercise; hip exercise
Other: control group; other	Other: control; control

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Frontal Plane Projection Angle (FPPA)	FPPA is measured as the angle between a line drawn from the marked point on the proximal thigh to the knee joint and another line extending from the knee joint to the ankle during maximum knee flexion. A 2D analysis is performed through single-leg squat (SLS), vertical jump (VJ), and single-leg landing (SLL). An increase of 10° or more in FPPA during a single-leg squat is categorized as "Observable Dynamic Knee Valgus (DKV)."	6 weeks
Lower Extremity Clinical Measurements	Clinical measurements help assess the functional performance of the lower extremities and prevent injuries. Key parameters include Q-angle, hip anteversion angle, tibial torsion, ankle dorsiflexion, and rearfoot angle. Standardized tests such as goniometer-based Q-angle measurement, Craig's test for hip anteversion, and subtalar joint neutral positioning for dorsiflexion are utilized.	6 weeks
Balance Evaluation	Static balance was assessed with the Single Leg Stance Test (SLST), while dynamic balance was evaluated using the Y Balance Test (YBT) in three directions: anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral.	6 weeks
Proprioception Assessment	Proprioception was evaluated using the Active Joint Position Sense (AJPS) test, which measures the ability to replicate a target angle. Measurements were conducted with a Baseline digital goniometer, and angular deviation was recorded to determine accuracy.	6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: hazal genc
• Investigators: Study Chair: aleyna zeynep karcıoğlu, Bahcesehir university

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 11, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 30, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): April 3, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 16, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 16, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): December 19, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 12, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 11, 2025
• Last Verified: August 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: exercise; knee
• Other Study ID Numbers: e-10840098

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No