ChatGPT-Assisted Hypertension Knowledge in Nursing Students

March 3, 2025 updated by: Nursemin ÜNAL, Ankara University

ChatGPT-Assisted Hypertension Knowledge in Nursing Students: Assessment of Accuracy, AI Anxiety, and Cognitive Load

ChatGPT provides quick access to information, research support, and study materials, but concerns remain regarding its reliability, accuracy, and inability to offer personalized care principles essential in nursing. Although previous studies show its high accuracy in clinical responses, over-reliance on AI-generated medical information necessitates cautious use. The study will explore both the benefits and limitations of ChatGPT in nursing education, particularly in hypertension learning.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in education is increasing rapidly. ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, is an AI-based chatbot that provides an interactive learning environment. It generates fluent and knowledge-based responses based on books, online sources, and articles published until 2021. The widespread adoption of ChatGPT across various fields has sparked debates about its role and limitations. In nursing education, students frequently use ChatGPT for quick access to information, research support, and exam preparation. However, concerns regarding its reliability arise due to the unknown sources of its responses and the potential for misinformation. ChatGPT also has limitations in interpreting complex, context-dependent answers and lacks the ability to apply the principle of individualized care, which is fundamental in nursing practice.

Studies have demonstrated ChatGPT's varying performance in the healthcare field. Hypertension, a chronic disease affecting over a billion people worldwide, is a critical topic for nursing students, as their understanding of the condition can positively impact patient care. Previous research has shown that ChatGPT provides clinically appropriate answers to hypertension-related questions with a high accuracy rate of 92.5%. Additionally, the GPT-4 version of ChatGPT correctly answered over 86% of the questions in the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE).

This randomized controlled study aims to assess the effectiveness of ChatGPT in teaching hypertension to nursing students while also evaluating their levels of AI-related anxiety and cognitive load. Given the increasing presence of AI tools in education, understanding both their advantages and limitations is crucial for their optimal integration into nursing education.

The study population consists of students enrolled in the nursing program at a private university. The study aims to reach the entire population, specifically 96 students who have completed the Internal Medicine Nursing course. Students meeting the inclusion criteria will be informed about the study and invited to participate. Volunteers will complete an Introductory Information Form and be randomly assigned to intervention (ChatGPT) or control groups in a 1:1 ratio using computer-based randomization (48 students per group). The intervention group will answer questions from the Hypertension Prevention Attitude Scale using ChatGPT, while the control group will use traditional methods. Afterward, both groups will complete the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale and Cognitive Load Scale, concluding data collection. All collected data will be analyzed using the SPSS for Windows 22.0 statistical software package.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

96

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • To be enrolled in the nursing program at a private university, during the 2024-2025 academic year.
  • To have taken the Internal Medicine Nursing course (In this course, students receive 4 hours of theoretical lessons on nursing care for hypertension patients).
  • To be willing to volunteer for participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Students who wish to withdraw from the research at any stage will not be included in the study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: ChatGPT Group
Students in the intervention group will answer the questions from the Hypertension Prevention Attitude Scale using ChatGPT.
Other: ChatGPT
Students in the intervention group will answer the questions from the Hypertension Prevention Attitude Scale using ChatGPT.
Other Names:
  • Control Group
No Intervention: Control Group
In the control group students will respond Hypertension Prevention Attitude Scale using traditional methods.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Hypertension Prevention Attitudes Scale
Time Frame: At the beginning of the study first admission.
The scale consists of 26 items and subdimensions, including protection and control, habits and lifestyle, nutrition attitudes, mental state and physical activity, and disease and risk knowledge. The items are rated on a five-point Likert scale, ranging from "Strongly Disagree" to "Strongly Agree." The scale scores can range from 26 to 130. There is a positive relationship between the scale scores and attitudes toward hypertension prevention. The Cronbach's alpha value of the scale is 0.91.
At the beginning of the study first admission.
Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale
Time Frame: Immediately after the intervention (answering the scale questions)
The Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale (AIAS) was developed by Wang and Wang (2019) and adapted into Turkish by Akkaya et al. (2021). The scale is a 5-point Likert type, consisting of 21 items and 4 factors. These factors are: Learning, Job Change, Socio-technical Blindness, and Artificial Intelligence Structuring. The minimum score that can be obtained from the scale is 21, and the maximum score is 105. A higher score indicates a higher level of AI anxiety. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the scale is reported to be 0.95.
Immediately after the intervention (answering the scale questions)
Cognitive Load Scale
Time Frame: Immediately after the intervention (answering the scale questions)
The scale developed by Paas and Van Merriënboer (1993) aims to measure the cognitive load of students during individual study processes. It was adapted into Turkish by Kılıç and Karadeniz (2004). The scale is a symmetric, Likert-type scale with scores ranging from 1 to 9. It allows the assessment of the effort a student exerts during their individual learning process. According to the scale, cognitive load increases from 1 to 9. Scores between 1-4 are considered low cognitive load, while scores between 5-9 are considered high cognitive load. Paas and Van Merriënboer (1993) reported an internal consistency coefficient of 0.82 for the scale, while Kılıç and Karadeniz (2004) calculated an internal consistency coefficient of 0.90 for the Turkish version.
Immediately after the intervention (answering the scale questions)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ankara University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Nursemin Unal, Assoc. Prof., Ankara University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

March 10, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 10, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 10, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 26, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 3, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 3, 2025

Last Verified

March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2025-2 (Other Grant/Funding Number: Korean Society of Cardiometabolic Syndrome)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Hypertension

Clinical Trials on ChatGPT

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Peru

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

Subscribe