Postoperative Opioid Consumption in Gastric Sleeve Surgery (POCiGSS)

April 1, 2026 updated by: Serkan Uckun, Balikesir University

Comparison of Balanced Anesthesia Protocols in Gastric Sleeve Surgery in Terms of Postoperative Opioid Consumption

The study aimed to compare balanced anesthesia protocols using only opioids as analgesics during induction in gastric sleeve surgery with protocols using opioids and ketamine together in terms of anesthesia management, opioid side effects, and postoperative analgesia.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Detailed Description

During gastric sleeve surgery under general anesthesia, various drugs are administered intraoperatively to induce loss of consciousness, immobility, and pain relief (analgesia). Opioids are the most commonly used analgesics. However, the response to opioids varies widely, and their use is associated with significant side effects. In balanced general anesthesia, in addition to opioid medications, hypnotics, NMDA antagonists (ketamine, magnesium sulfate), sodium channel blockers (local anesthetics), anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, dexamethasone), and alpha-2 agonists (dexmedetomidine, clonidine) may be used. One of the components of ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) protocols, which aim to reduce metabolic stress developing in response to surgery and promote rapid recovery after surgery, is to provide effective postoperative analgesia while using opioids as little as possible. These different anesthesia approaches may offer options for surgery.

The addition of ketamine to anesthesia induction and maintenance may affect postoperative opioid consumption. Adding ketamine to anesthesia induction and maintenance may affect postoperative opioid consumption. Reducing opioid consumption can prevent opioid-related side effects such as nausea, constipation, and itching.

Opioid-related side effects such as nausea, constipation, and itching can be prevented by reducing opioid consumption.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

96

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
      • Balıkesir, Turkey (Türkiye)
        • Balıkesir University Health Practice and Research Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Those who have undergone gastric sleeve surgery in the general surgery operating room at Balıkesir University Hospital

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients who have undergone gastric sleeve surgery Patients with mild systemic disease Patients with severe systemic disease that does not affect daily activities

Exclusion Criteria:

Those with data loss in their files Those who do not use patient-controlled analgesia devices Patients who did not undergo standard anesthesia protocol

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Fentanyl
Ketamine

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Morphine Equivalent Opioid Consumption
Time Frame: 24 hours
A comparison was made based on the equivalent doses of opioid analgesic drugs used in both groups relative to morphine.
24 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postoperative Pain
Time Frame: 24 hours
Postoperative pain is assessed using a numerical pain scale. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) was used in the study. NRS pain scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (most severe pain)
24 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Balikesir University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

June 3, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

March 29, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 13, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 20, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

August 21, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 14, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 1, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • POCiGSS-2025

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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