The Effect of Ney Music on Patients Undergoing Lumbar Disc Surgery

November 23, 2025 updated by: Niran Çoban

The Effect of Ney Music on Pain, Anxiety, Sleep, and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Disc Surgery

This randomized controlled study aims to investigate the effects of ney music listening, a traditional Turkish wind instrument, on pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and vital signs in patients undergoing lumbar disc herniation surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. The intervention group will receive a 15-minute ney music session at three different time points: preoperative (on the day of surgery), postoperative 3rd hour, and postoperative day 1. The control group will receive standard postoperative nursing care without music intervention. Data will be collected at the same time points in both groups using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I), Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire, and vital signs. The study seeks to evaluate the non-pharmacological benefits of therapeutic music in postoperative recovery.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Lumbar disc herniation is a common spinal disorder that often requires surgical intervention when conservative treatments fail. Although surgery can alleviate nerve compression and reduce pain, many patients continue to experience postoperative pain, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and altered physiological parameters, all of which negatively impact recovery. For this reason, complementary approaches such as therapeutic music have gained attention as supportive strategies in postoperative care.

This randomized controlled trial is designed to evaluate the effect of ney music listening, a traditional Turkish musical practice, on postoperative pain, anxiety, sleep quality, and physiological parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation) in patients undergoing lumbar disc surgery. The ney, a reed flute used in classical Turkish music, has been associated with calming and meditative effects, potentially supporting recovery processes.

The intervention group will listen to recorded ney music for 15 minutes in a quiet and dimly lit environment via headphones. The music selection will consist of instrumental compositions in Rast and Nihavend maqams, known for their soothing and relaxing tonalities. Sessions will occur at three specific time points:

Preoperative (the evening before surgery)

Postoperative 3rd hour (after transfer to the clinic)

Postoperative Day 1 (before bedtime)

In each session, pain (measured with the Visual Analog Scale - VAS), anxiety (measured with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-I), sleep quality (Richard-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire), and vital signs (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse, and SpO₂) will be assessed before and after music listening in the intervention group.

The control group will receive routine postoperative care without any music intervention. However, outcome measurements will be collected at the same intervals and using the same tools to enable comparison.

The study hypothesizes that listening to ney music may serve as an effective, non-pharmacological method to enhance postoperative comfort by reducing pain and anxiety, stabilizing physiological parameters, and improving sleep quality. The results are expected to contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of music therapy into clinical nursing practice, particularly in surgical settings.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

60

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Having undergone lumbar disc surgery under general anesthesia

    • 18 years old and over,
    • At least 3 hours have passed from the analgesic administration,
    • Patients willing to participate in the study will be included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is applied,

    • Over 70 years old,
    • Using anxiolytic and sedative drugs,
    • Having a psychiatric illness,
    • Patients with communication barriers will not be included in the study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Ney Music

Participants in this group will receive a 15-minute ney performance in addition to routine nursing care at specified times before and after lumbar disc surgery. The intervention will be carried out in three sessions:

I. Session: On the day of surgery, before surgery

II. Session: Within the first 3 hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic)

Session III: Morning of the first day after surgery

Before and after the application, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I), Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale, and vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, oxygen saturation) will be measured. Ney pieces in the Rast and Nihavent modes will be used in the sessions.
Other: Ney music
Ney music concert
No Intervention: Standard care
Only standard nursing care will be provided to participants in this group. Parallel to the timing in the intervention group, VAS, STAI-I, Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale, and vital signs will be measured at three separate times (pre-surgery, first 3 hours post-surgery, and first day post-surgery), but no music will be played.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The Effect of Ney Music on Pain
Time Frame: 6 month

Visual Analog Scale: The Visual Analog Scale is a commonly used unidimensional measure for assessing pain intensity. The VAS is a measurement tool ranging from 0 to 10 cm (0 to 100 mm) in length. Since the aim of the study is to determine the effect of the non-pharmacological method used on the current pain, the VAS will be used in the assessment of pain before and after application.

Measurements will be taken at the following intervals:

On the day of surgery, before surgery

Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic)

On the morning of the first day after surgery
6 month
The Effect Ney Music on Anxiety
Time Frame: 6 month

State Anxiety Inventory: In our study, the State Anxiety Inventory will be used before and after the procedure to assess patients' anxiety levels in a specific situation. The State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I) is a tool that measures how an individual feels at a specific moment and in a specific situation, i.e., their anxiety level in that situation.Each subscale consists of 20 items, and the inventory consists of a total of 40 items. When calculating the State Anxiety Inventory, the scoring is reversed for items 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20. The total score from both scales in the inventory ranges from 20 to 80. High scores on the scales indicate high anxiety, while low scores indicate low anxiety levels. Measurements will be taken at the following intervals:

On the day of surgery, before surgery;Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic); On the morning of the first day after surgery
6 month
The Effect Ney Music on Sleep
Time Frame: 6 month

Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale: Assesses the depth of nighttime sleep, the time it takes to fall asleep, the frequency of waking up, the time spent awake after waking up, the quality of sleep, and the noise level in the environment. Each item is rated on a scale ranging from 0 to 100 using the Visual Analog Scale technique. A score between "0-25" on the scale indicates very poor sleep, while a score between "76-100" indicates very good sleep. The total scale score is evaluated based on five items, excluding the 6th item, which assesses the noise level in the environment, with a total score of 22. As the scale score increases, patients' sleep quality also improves.

It will be used to evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' sleep levels after surgery.

Measurements will be taken at the following intervals:

On the day of surgery, before surgery

Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic)

On the morning of the first day after surgery
6 month
The Effect Ney Music on blood pressure
Time Frame: 6 month

Patients' blood pressure, values will be recorded. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' blood pressure values will be evaluated.

Measurements will be taken at the following intervals:

On the day of surgery, before surgery

Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic)

On the morning of the first day after surgery
6 month
The Effect Ney Music on pulse
Time Frame: 6 month

Patients' pulse , values will be recorded. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' pulse values will be evaluated.

Measurements will be taken at the following intervals:

On the day of surgery, before surgery

Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic)

On the morning of the first day after surgery
6 month
The Effect Ney Music on oxygen saturation
Time Frame: 6 month

Patients' oxygen saturation , values will be recorded. The effect of non-pharmacological interventions on patients' oxygen saturation values will be evaluated.

Measurements will be taken at the following intervals:

On the day of surgery, before surgery

Three hours after surgery (after transfer to the clinic)

On the morning of the first day after surgery
6 month

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Niran Çoban

Investigators

  • Study Director: NİRAN ÇOBAN, University of Yalova

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

April 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 31, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 6, 2025

First Posted (Estimated)

September 12, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

November 25, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 23, 2025

Last Verified

November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • NS*

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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