Dynamic Effects of Different Anesthetic Agents on the Immune Function of Healthy Volunteers

This study recruits healthy volunteers and randomly assigns them in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to the following groups: Propofol group, Sevoflurane group, Ciprofol group, and Control group. Subjects in the different groups will undergo anesthesia with the corresponding general anesthetic drug, while subjects in the Control group will receive no anesthesia. Peripheral blood samples will be collected at specified time points: before anesthesia induction, upon emergence from anesthesia, 24 hours after anesthesia, and 48 hours after anesthesia. Single-cell multi-omics analysis will be performed on these samples using single-cell sequencing technology. The aim is to investigate the independent effects of different general anesthetic drugs on human immune function in the absence of surgical trauma, and to further explore the potential immunomodulatory effects of commonly used clinical anesthetics.

Study Overview

• Status: Enrolling by invitation
• Conditions: Immune System
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Propofol group; Drug: Sevoflurane group; Drug: Ciprofol group; Other: Control group

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 80
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• China
  • Zhengzhou
    • Henan, Zhengzhou, China, 450000
      • Henan Provincial People's Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Volunteers undergo routine blood tests, liver function, kidney function, coagulation function, and routine 12-lead electrocardiogram examination before the trial. Any item showing no significant abnormalities; Age 20-30 years; ASA physical status I; BMI (Body Mass Index) 18-28 kg/m².

Exclusion Criteria:

History of neurological/psychiatric diseases, immune system diseases, or any type of chronic disease; History of surgical anesthesia; History of bad habits such as drug abuse, smoking or excessive drinking; Women during menstruation, pregnancy, or lactation; Recent use of immunosuppressants, hormones, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Intake of antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, or other supplements within three months prior to stool sample collection; Recent history of diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, or other diseases severely affecting gut microbiota structure.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Propofol group; Anesthesia induction: 1.5-2.5 mg/kg IV bolus; Anesthesia maintenance: 4-12 mg/kg/h infusion	Drug: Propofol group; Induction with 1.5-2.5 mg/kg IV bolus until loss of consciousness (loss of eyelash reflex), maintenance with 4-12 mg/kg/h target-controlled infusion.
Active Comparator: Sevoflurane group; Anesthesia induction: 6% concentration inhaled for 2 minutes; Anesthesia maintenance: 0.5-3% concentration	Drug: Sevoflurane group; Induction with 8% concentration inhaled for approximately 2 minutes, maintenance concentration 0.5-3%.
Active Comparator: Ciprofol group; Anesthesia induction: 0.4 mg/kg IV injection over 10-30s; if anesthesia depth is insufficient, additional doses not exceeding 0.2 mg/kg may be given; Anesthesia maintenance: 0.4-2.4 mg/kg/h infusion	Drug: Ciprofol group; Induction with 0.4 mg/kg IV bolus over 10-30s; if anesthesia depth is insufficient, additional doses not exceeding 0.2 mg/kg may be given; maintenance with 0.4-2.4 mg/kg/h target-controlled infusion.
Placebo Comparator: Control group; subjects will not undergo anesthesia but will remain in a supine position on a hospital trolley for 3 hours.	Other: Control group; subjects will not receive anesthesia but will remain in a supine position on a hospital trolley for 3 hours, after which they will be sent to the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Single-cell multi-omics data obtained from peripheral blood mononuclear cells; metabolome, lipidome, and proteome data obtained from plasma through detection; whole genome sequencing data.	Peripheral blood samples will be collected at specified time points: before anesthesia induction, upon emergence from anesthesia, 24 hours after anesthesia, and 48 hours after anesthesia. Single-cell multi-omics analysis will be performed on these sample

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Henan Provincial People's Hospital

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 21, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): August 31, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): August 31, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 25, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 25, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): December 8, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 4, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 2, 2026
• Last Verified: November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Investigative Techniques; Epidemiologic Research Design; Epidemiologic Methods; Research Design; Methods; Control Groups
• Other Study ID Numbers: HenanPPH-LFF

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No