Dietary Inflammatory Index and Periodontal Status in Obese Patients

December 3, 2025 updated by: Hatice Yemenoğlu, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital

The Relationship Between Dietary Inflammatory Index and Periodontal Status in Obese Patients

In this study aimed to investigate the effect of nutrition on periodontal status in individuals diagnosed with obesity and without any other systemic disease, and to investigate the relationship between DII and periodontal disease risk. A total of 200 participants will be included in the study. Participants' overall daily Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) scores will be calculated. The obtained scores will be divided into four groups, from low to high: Q1 (n=50), Q2 (n=50), Q3 (n=50), and Q4 (n=50). According to the DII, groups Q1 and Q2, which include lower scores, represent individuals on an anti-inflammatory diet, while groups Q3 and Q4, which include higher scores, represent individuals on a pro-inflammatory diet. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10, total oxidant status (TOS), and total antioxidant status (TAS) were collected from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and serum samples. The levels of biomarkers such as malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), leptin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and C-reactive protein (CRP) from serum samples alone will be analyzed by ELISA method at the Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Medical Biochemistry Laboratory.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

200

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

N/A

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being diagnosed with obesity,
  • Not having any systemic conditions other than obesity (systemic diseases that may affect periodontal health, such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and hypertension (>130/85 mmHg)),
  • Being between the ages of 18 and 65,
  • Not smoking or consuming alcohol,
  • Not having used anti-inflammatory medications in the last 3 months, or antibiotics or systemic corticosteroids in the last 6 months,
  • Not being pregnant or lactating,
  • Not having received periodontal treatment in the last 6 months,
  • Not having received nutritional advice in the last 3 months,
  • Obesity diagnosis: BMI > 30 kg/m2 or waist circumference: > 100 cm for men and > 90 cm for women.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Non-obese
  • Having any systemic disease other than obesity (such as cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and hypertension (>130/85 mmHg) that may affect periodontal health)
  • Being over 65 years old and under 18 years old
  • Smoking and alcohol use
  • Having used anti-inflammatory drugs in the last 3 months, antibiotics, or systemic corticosteroids in the last 6 months
  • Being pregnant or lactating
  • Having received periodontal treatment in the last 6 months
  • Having received nutritional advice in the last 3 months

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
anti-inflammatory diet group 1
Individuals on an anti-inflammatory diet
Other: Periodontal indices will be obtained
Periodontal indices will be obtained from all participants
Other: serum and crevicular fluid samples will be collected
Serum and gingival crevicular fluid samples will be collected from all participants.
anti-inflammatory diet group 2
Individuals on an anti-inflammatory diet
Other: Periodontal indices will be obtained
Periodontal indices will be obtained from all participants
Other: serum and crevicular fluid samples will be collected
Serum and gingival crevicular fluid samples will be collected from all participants.
pro-inflammatory diet group 1
individuals on a pro-inflammatory diet
Other: Periodontal indices will be obtained
Periodontal indices will be obtained from all participants
Other: serum and crevicular fluid samples will be collected
Serum and gingival crevicular fluid samples will be collected from all participants.
pro-inflammatory diet group 2
individuals on a pro-inflammatory diet
Other: Periodontal indices will be obtained
Periodontal indices will be obtained from all participants
Other: serum and crevicular fluid samples will be collected
Serum and gingival crevicular fluid samples will be collected from all participants.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Periodontal pocket depth
Time Frame: baseline
The distance between the pocket base and the gingival margin will be measured. It will be measured from the six surfaces of each tooth and the average will be taken higher scores indicate worse outcome.
baseline
Clinical attachment loss
Time Frame: baseline
It will be calculated by measuring the distance between the cementoenemal border and the pocket base. It will be measured from the six surfaces of each tooth and the average will be taken higher scores indicate worse outcome.
baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
interleukin (IL)-1β level
Time Frame: baseline
IL-1β levels will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
interleukin (IL)-10 level
Time Frame: baseline
IL-10 levels will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
total oxidant status (TOS) level
Time Frame: baseline
TOS levels will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
total antioxidant status (TAS) level
Time Frame: baseline
TAS levels will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
serum leptin level
Time Frame: baseline
Leptin levels in serum will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level
Time Frame: baseline
TNF-α levels in serum will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
serum adiponectin level
Time Frame: baseline
Adiponectin levels in serum will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level
Time Frame: baseline
CRP levels in serum will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level
Time Frame: baseline
MDA levels in serum will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline
serum glutathione (GSH) level
Time Frame: baseline
GSH levels in serum will be measured with biochemical kits.
baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

November 22, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

February 21, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

March 21, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 17, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 3, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

December 17, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

December 17, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 3, 2025

Last Verified

November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • RecepTayyip ErdoganUniversity

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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