The Effect of Apple Cider Vinegar Supplementation on 24-hour Urine Chemistry in Adults

April 17, 2026 updated by: University of Chicago
This is a single-center prospective cohort study to evaluate the effect of short-term daily apple cider vinegar (ACV) supplementation on urine chemistry.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether a two-week course of daily ACV supplementation significantly changes an individual's urine chemistry. The investigators will study this in healthy individuals and individuals with kidney stones.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

30

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Controls: Adults above the age of 18.
  • Kidney stone patients: Adults above the age of 18.
  • History of majority (>50%) calcium oxalate kidney stones

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Anyone with a history of calcium phosphate stones (>50% calcium phosphate), uric acid stones, struvite stones, recent urinary tract instrumentation (<30 days), or recurrent urinary tract infections.
  • Any individual who has had ACV outside of normal consumption in the prior month will be excluded.
  • Any individual who has a history of a negative reaction (increased acid reflux, allergy) to ACV will also be excluded.
  • Any individual with chronic kidney disease, underlying acid base disorder will also be excluded.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: kidney stone patients and healthy participants
Each participant will be asked to complete a basic metabolic panel prior to initiating the study to ensure that no baseline metabolic derangements exist. On day 1, participants will complete a 24-hour urine collection and 48-hour food diary at home. Participants will then consume an ACV gummy containing 60 meq daily for 14 consecutive days.
Dietary supplement: Apple Cider Vinegar
Goli Apple Cider Vinegar gummies

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Measure changes in citrate in urine.
Time Frame: From Enrollment to 2 weeks
to evaluate the effect of short-term daily apple cider vinegar (ACV) supplementation on urine chemistry.
From Enrollment to 2 weeks
Measure changes in Urine PH
Time Frame: From enrollment to 2 weeks
to evaluate the effect of short-term daily apple cider vinegar (ACV) supplementation on urine chemistry.
From enrollment to 2 weeks
Measure changes in calcium in urine.
Time Frame: from enrollment to 2 weeks
to evaluate the effect of short-term daily apple cider vinegar (ACV) supplementation on urine chemistry.
from enrollment to 2 weeks
Measure changes in calcium oxalate in urine
Time Frame: From Enrollment to 2 weeks
to evaluate the effect of short-term daily apple cider vinegar (ACV) supplementation on urine chemistry.
From Enrollment to 2 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Chicago

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Luke Reynolds, The University of Chicago Medical Center

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

May 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

February 1, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 27, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 3, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 5, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 20, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 17, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • IRB25-0715

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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