Emotional Eating, Sleep Quality, Mental State and Metabolic Syndrome

February 11, 2026 updated by: Melisa BULUT, Abant Izzet Baysal University

The Mediating Role of Emotional Eating and Sleep Quality in the Relationship Between Mental State and Metabolic Syndrome in Individuals With Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder

In predominantly medication-naïve schizophrenic patients, those exhibiting partial metabolic disorders have significantly worse sleep quality and sleep onset time; poor sleep predicted metabolic dysregulation even after controlling for confounding factors. Mental health, sleep, and eating behavior interact in ways that strongly influence the risk of obesity and MetS. Emotional eating (eating in response to emotions rather than hunger) is central to this network and appears to be closely associated with psychiatric illnesses, particularly depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. There is a continuing need to elucidate the frequency, level, and relationship of emotional eating with other factors in individuals with SMI. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate this complex relationship, thereby shedding light on new ways to reduce metabolic risks in psychiatric patients.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Detailed Description

Research Questions

  • Is there a relationship between mental status and MetS in individuals with SMI?
  • How does diagnosis (schizophrenia or bipolar disorder) and the group of medications used affect MetS in individuals with SMI?
  • What is the level of emotional eating in individuals with SMI?
  • Do emotional eating and sleep quality affect MetS in relation to mental status in individuals with SMI?

Hypotheses

H1 The group of psychotropic medications routinely used significantly affects MetS levels.

H2 Individuals with SMI have high levels of emotional eating.

H3 As mental status deteriorates, the level of emotional eating increases.

H4 Emotional eating mediates the relationship between mental status and MetS.

H5 Sleep quality mediates the relationship between mental status and MetS.

H6 Emotional eating and sleep quality mediate the relationship between mental status and MetS (multiple mediation model).

H7 As sleep quality decreases, emotional eating increases.

H8 As the level of emotional eating increases, sleep quality deteriorates, which increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

78

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Individuals being followed at the Community Mental Health Center, diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, who volunteered to participate in the study and were able to provide written consent.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being registered with the Bolu İzzet Baysal Mental Health and Diseases Hospital Community Mental Health Center,
  • Having a severe chronic psychiatric illness (Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders and Bipolar Disorder) followed by the Bolu İzzet Baysal Mental Health and Diseases Hospital Community Mental Health Center for at least 6 months,
  • Being in remission (Complete Remission (Pre-Remission): Symptoms remaining below threshold values for at least 2 months (8 weeks). A state of improvement lasting more than 2 months is generally referred to as "remission"),
  • Schizophrenia remission definition: 8 diagnostically significant symptoms were selected from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.
  • Bipolar disorder remission definition: Complete remission is defined as the absence of acute attacks and the presence of minimal/very mild symptoms.
  • Being between 18-65 years of age,
  • Being able to understand what is read and give written consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having a diagnosis of mental retardation,
  • Having other neurocognitive disorders, primarily dementia, according to DSM-V (as it can affect the ability to make decisions and give correct answers),
  • Not being able to speak or understand Turkish.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Metabolic Syndrome Risk
Time Frame: Baseline
Participants' current metabolic syndrome risk scores will be measured using the Metabolic Syndrome Risk Index. The total score ranges from 0 to 100. A higher score indicates a higher risk of metabolic syndrome risk.
Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Emotional eating level
Time Frame: Baseline
Participants' current emotional eating level scores will be measured using the Salzburg Emotional Eating Scale.
Baseline
Sleep quality
Time Frame: Baseline
Participants' current sleep quality scores will be measured using the Cumhuriyet Subjective Sleep Quality Scale.
Baseline
Positive and negative symptom
Time Frame: Baseline
Participants' current positive and negative symptom severity. This will be measured using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). It measures the prevalence of positive and negative syndromes in schizophrenia. Scores range from 7-49 for the Positive and Negative Scales, and from 16-112 for the General Psychopathology Scale. The PANSS total score is a minimum of 30 and a maximum of 210. A higher score indicates higher symptom severity.
Baseline
Manic symptom
Time Frame: Baseline
Participants' current manic symptom severity. This will be measured using Young Mania Rating Scale. It measures the prevalence of manic symptom in bipolar disorders. The total score can range from 0 to 60; higher scores indicate more severe manic symptoms.
Baseline
Depressive symptoms
Time Frame: Baseline
Participants' current depressive symptoms severity. This will be measured using Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. It measures the prevalence of depressive symptom. In general, the higher the total score, the more severe the depression. HAM-D depression score levels: 10-13 mild; 14-17 mild to moderate; >17 moderate to severe; >23 very severe. Total score ranges from 0 to 68.
Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Abant Izzet Baysal University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

April 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

October 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 5, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 11, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 13, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 11, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • AIBU-PSK-MB-04

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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