Comparative Effectiveness of Long-Pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG and Fractional CO₂ Laser in Skin Rejuvenation

March 8, 2026 updated by: Universitas Padjadjaran

A Comparative Split-Face Study of Long-Pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG and Fractional CO₂ Laser for Skin Rejuvenation Based on Dermal Thickness, Skin Elasticity, Wrinkle Assessment, and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale Scores

Skin rejuvenation is an effort to improve skin condition from the signs of skin aging. Skin aging is a complex biological process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading to changes in the epidermis and dermis, including decreased collagen characterized by dermal thinning, as well as alterations in skin appearance such as laxity and wrinkles. Laser therapy is one of the treatment modalities for skin rejuvenation, aiming to induce neocollagenesis and collagen remodeling, resulting in dermal thickening and improvement in skin appearance. Fractional CO₂ laser is an ablative laser considered the gold standard therapy for skin rejuvenation, whereas Long Pulsed (LP) Nd:YAG 1064 nm is a nonablative laser that is also used for skin rejuvenation. To date, there have been no studies evaluating the comparative effectiveness between fractional CO₂ laser and LP Nd:YAG 1064 nm for skin rejuvenation. Therefore, research comparing the effectiveness of fractional CO₂ laser and LP Nd:YAG 1064 nm for skin rejuvenation is needed, assessed based on dermal thickness, skin elasticity, wrinkles, and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

15

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

  • Name: Ahmad R Ganiem, M.D., Ph.D
  • Phone Number: +62 878 2288 3773
  • Email: rizalbdg@gmail.com

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • Indonesia
    • West Java
      • Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, 40161
        • Recruiting
        • Hasan Sadikin General Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male and female patients with skin aging classified as Glogau scale II-III
  • Age 30-59 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
  • Active smokers.
  • Individuals with high levels of sun exposure.
  • History of facial laser therapy, microdermabrasion, chemical peeling, botulinum toxin injection, microneedling, or skin booster injections within the past six months.
  • Use of oral isotretinoin within the past six months.
  • Use of topical retinoids or their derivatives, topical vitamin C, or other collagen-stimulating and skin-rejuvenating agents within the past two weeks.
  • Use of oral vitamin C, collagen-stimulating supplements, antioxidants, or hormone therapy with skin-rejuvenating effects within the past one month.
  • Presence of active facial skin inflammation.
  • History of keloid formation.
  • History of allergy to topical lidocaine anesthesia.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm 1
In this split-face study, each participant received fractional CO₂ laser treatment on one side of the face. The treated side was randomly assigned. The procedure was performed three times at one-month intervals.
Procedure: Fractional CO₂ laser
Fractional CO₂ laser was applied to one randomized side of the face in a split-face design for skin rejuvenation. Treatments were performed three times at one-month intervals. The laser delivers fractional ablative microthermal zones to stimulate dermal remodeling and collagen production. Treatment parameters were adjusted according to skin type and clinical indication.
Active Comparator: Arm 2
In the same participants, the contralateral side of the face received long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser treatment. The side allocation was randomized. The procedure was performed three times at one-month intervals.
Procedure: Long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser
Long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser was applied to the contralateral randomized side of the face in a split-face design for skin rejuvenation. Treatments were performed three times at one-month intervals. The laser delivers non-ablative dermal heating to stimulate collagen remodeling and improve skin texture and elasticity.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Dermal Thickness
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
Dermal thickness was assessed based on the two-dimensional area of the hyperechoic band that appears brighter than the epidermis on ultrasonography assessment.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
Skin Elasticity
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
Skin elasticity was defined as the ability of the skin to return to its original shape after deformation caused by mechanical traction. It was measured using a skin elasticity meter, and the R (recovery) value was assessed at 8 evaluation points on the face.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
Wrinkles
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
Lines or folds formed on the skin surface as a result of mechanical stress, skin dehydration, or repetitive muscular activity, and were evaluated using a facial skin analyzer
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale Scores
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks
A 5-point rating scale (1-5) used to measure the degree of aesthetic improvement in patients following a procedure.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 20 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Universitas Padjadjaran

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Kartika Ruchiatan, M.D., Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

October 14, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

March 10, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 16, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 8, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 8, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

March 12, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 12, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 8, 2026

Last Verified

March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Other Study ID Numbers

  • DV-202603.01

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Laser

Clinical Trials on Fractional CO₂ laser

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Peru

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

Subscribe