Bariatric Surgery Combined With GLP-1RA: A Multicenter Study. (BS-GLP)

July 26, 2026 updated by: Hua Meng, China-Japan Friendship Hospital

The Efficacy and Safety of Bariatric Surgery Combined With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Patients With Obesity: A Prospective, Multicenter Cohort Study

Obese patients exhibit considerable heterogeneity and complex comorbidities, making long-term effective management challenging with single therapies. While bariatric surgery remains the most effective weight-loss intervention, postoperative weight regain and metabolic deterioration require attention. GLP-1 RAs offer distinct advantages for weight and metabolic improvement, and their combined application with surgery may yield synergistic benefits.

Given the lack of multi-regional validation in China's diverse population, this multicenter study aims to confirm the real-world effectiveness and generalizability of bariatric surgery plus GLP-1RA across distinct regional cohorts.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

"bariatric surgery is guideline-recommended as an effective obesity treatment. Substantial evidence demonstrates its ability to significantly reduce weight, improve comorbidities like type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and dyslipidemia, and lower cardiovascular risk. However, the significant heterogeneity and complex comorbidity profiles among obese patients challenge long-term effective management with single therapeutic approaches. While currently the most effective weight-loss intervention, bariatric surgery requires attention to issues such as postoperative weight regain and metabolic deterioration.

In parallel, Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) have demonstrated significant efficacy in obesity management. Agents like semaglutide promote weight loss and metabolic improvement through mechanisms including insulin secretion promotion, appetite suppression, delayed gastric emptying, and enhanced satiety.

Previous single-center studies have confirmed the efficacy of this combination therapy. However, given China's vast geographic and ethnic diversity, it remains unclear whether these findings are generalizable to broader populations. This multicenter study is therefore designed to assess the real-world effectiveness and generalizability of bariatric surgery plus GLP-1RA across distinct regional cohorts in China.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

400

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • China
      • Beijing, China
        • Recruiting
        • China-Japan Friendship Hospital
        • Contact:
    • Hebei
      • Xingtai, Hebei, China
        • Recruiting
        • Xingtai Ninth Hospital
        • Contact:
    • Henan
      • Zhengzhou, Henan, China
        • Recruiting
        • Zhengzhou Central Hospita
        • Contact:
    • Inner Mongolia
      • Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
        • Recruiting
        • The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
        • Contact:
    • Shandong
      • Jinan, Shandong, China
        • Recruiting
        • The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University
        • Contact:
    • Shanxi
      • Datong, Shanxi, China
        • Recruiting
        • Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital
        • Contact:
    • Yunnan
      • Kunming, Yunnan, China
        • Recruiting
        • The First People Hospital of Yunnan Province
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Primary metabolic surgery candidates: Patients undergoing initial laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).
  2. obesity:BMI ≥27.5 kg/m².
  3. Metabolic comorbidities: Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) meeting standard criteria.
  4. Age range: 16-70 years (inclusive).
  5. Informed consent: Willing participation with documented consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Recent GLP-1RA use: Treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists within 6 months preoperatively.
  2. Prior bariatric surgery: History of any metabolic/bariatric surgical procedure.
  3. Postoperative complications: Requiring reoperation for severe complications (e.g., hemorrhage, anastomotic leak).
  4. Non-indicated candidates: Patients not meeting standard bariatric surgery indications.
  5. Significant comorbidities:

Advanced hepatic/renal dysfunction (Child-Pugh C or eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73m²) Active malignancy (except non-melanoma skin cancers) Autoimmune disorders requiring immunosuppression Uncontrolled psychiatric conditions (e.g., active psychosis, severe depression)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Other: BS group
Names for Surgery: Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Names for drugs: N/A. Observation Group: Received only basic nutritional recommendation interventions after surgery.
Procedure: BS group
1.Basic Treatment Measures Within 0-30 days after sleeve gastrectomy, all patients received very low-calorie enteral nutrition powder (100 kcal/day). From 30 to 90 days post-surgery, a low-energy diet (400 kcal/day) was provided. Beyond 90 days post-surgery, a calorie-restricted diet was implemented (1,500 kcal/day for men and 1,200 kcal/day for women). 2.Observation Group: Received only basic nutritional recommendation interventions after surgery.
Experimental: BS-GLP1RA group
Names for Surgery: Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Names for drugs: Semaglutide. Dosage:The starting dose was 0.25 mg per week and was subsequently titrated up based on individual patient response to a maximum maintenance dose of 2.4 mg per week. Frequency: Once per week. Duration: The treatment continued until the completion of the 6-month postoperative period.
Combination product: BS-GLP1RA group
1.Basic Treatment Measures Within 0-30 days after sleeve gastrectomy, all patients received very low-calorie enteral nutrition powder (100 kcal/day). From 30 to 90 days post-surgery, a low-energy diet (400 kcal/day) was provided. Beyond 90 days post-surgery, a calorie-restricted diet was implemented (1,500 kcal/day for men and 1,200 kcal/day for women). 2.In addition to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and postoperative basic nutritional counseling,the intervention group received subcutaneous semaglutide injections from 1 to 6 months postoperatively.The specific protocol was as follows:In the intervention group, semaglutide treatment was initiated at 1 month after LSG. The starting dose was 0.25 mg per week and was subsequently titrated up based on individual patient response to a maximum maintenance dose of 2.4 mg per week. The treatment continued until the completion of the 6-month postoperative period.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
the Percentage of weight loss
Time Frame: 1 year
1 year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Weight in kilograms
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Waist circumference in centimeters
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Blood pressure
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Serum creatinine
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Glomerular filtration rate
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Fasting blood glucose
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Postprandial 2-hour blood glucose
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
HbA1c
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Total cholesterol
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Low-Density Lipoprotein(LDL)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
High-Density Lipoprotein(HDL)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Triglycerides
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Alanine Aminotransferase(ALT)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Aspartate Aminotransferase(AST)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
uric acid(UA)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Muscle mass in kilograms
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Visceral fat area
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Body fat percentage
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
body fat percentage(BFP)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
lean body mass (LBM)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
lean body mass percentage (LBMP)
Time Frame: Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.
Immediately postoperatively (Day 0), and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

China-Japan Friendship Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 30, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 30, 2027

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 19, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 26, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 29, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 29, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 26, 2026

Last Verified

July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • BS-GLP-Multic-CN

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Subscribe