Effect of Cocoa Consumption in Cardiovascular and Immune Parameters
16. december 2011 opdateret af: Monica Lucia Giraldo, Universidad de Antioquia
Randomized Clinical Trial of the Effect of Cocoa Consumption in Cardiovascular and Immune Parameters in Colombian Patients With Newly Diagnosed Stage 1 Arterial Hypertension
Arterial hypertension is one of the most preventable risk factors for stroke, cardiovascular and renal disease.
Cocoa is rich in a subclass of flavonoid called flavanol this increase nitric oxide production and is involved in controlling blood pressure.
Studieoversigt
Status
Afsluttet
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Undersøgelsestype
Interventionel
Tilmelding (Faktiske)
69
Fase
- Ikke anvendelig
Kontakter og lokationer
Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.
Studiesteder
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Antioquia
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Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
- Sede Investigaciones Universitarias, Universidad de Antioquia
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Deltagelseskriterier
Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
18 år til 65 år (Voksen, Ældre voksen)
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Ingen
Køn, der er berettiget til at studere
Alle
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age: 18 - 65 years old
- Resides in Medellín City
- Attached from the contributive regimen of Colombian Health System
- Essential Arterial Hypertension, stage I. Diagnosis less than 3 months.
- Medically indicated non-pharmacological therapy.
- Voluntary desire to consume 50 grams of chocolate per day for 12 weeks.
- Voluntary desire to participate in the trial and sign informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Suspect of secondary hypertension
- Suspect of injury in target organ
- Presence of diabetes mellitus
- BMI (Body Mass Index) major or equal to 30
- Present smoker or with less than four weeks of abstinence of tobacco
- Consume antiplatelet substances
- Regular consumption of antioxidants, multivitamins, anti-inflammatory medications, drugs for nasal congestion and sibutramine
Studieplan
Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
- Primært formål: Behandling
- Tildeling: Randomiseret
- Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
- Maskning: Tredobbelt
Våben og indgreb
Deltagergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / Behandling |
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Aktiv komparator: Dark chocolate
Presence of 70% cocoa solids
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Each chocolate bar provided 210 calories represented in 25 grams of carbohydrates, 3 g of proteins, 18 g of total fat and the presence of 70% cocoa solids
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Placebo komparator: White chocolate
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Each chocolate bar provided 230 calories represented in 28 grams of carbohydrates, 3 g of proteins, 18 g of total fat, without the presence of 70% cocoa solids
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Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Change in diastolic blood pressure
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Measurement of the diastolic blood pressure with the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
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Baseline and 12 weeks
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Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
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Change in systolic blood pressure
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Measurement of the systolic blood pressure with the ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
|
Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in total cholesterol
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in low density lipoprotein cholesterol
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in triglycerides levels
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in hs-CRP
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
|
Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in IL-1 beta levels
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Baseline and 12 weeks
|
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Change in IL-2 levels
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
|
Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in tumor necrosis factor alpha levels
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
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Baseline and 12 weeks
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Change in flow mediated dilatation of the brachial artery
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 weeks
|
Baseline and 12 weeks
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Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.
Sponsor
Efterforskere
- Ledende efterforsker: Monica L Giraldo, PhD, Universidad de Antioquia
Publikationer og nyttige links
Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.
Generelle publikationer
- Hermann F, Spieker LE, Ruschitzka F, Sudano I, Hermann M, Binggeli C, Luscher TF, Riesen W, Noll G, Corti R. Dark chocolate improves endothelial and platelet function. Heart. 2006 Jan;92(1):119-20. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2005.063362. No abstract available.
- Murphy KJ, Chronopoulos AK, Singh I, Francis MA, Moriarty H, Pike MJ, Turner AH, Mann NJ, Sinclair AJ. Dietary flavanols and procyanidin oligomers from cocoa (Theobroma cacao) inhibit platelet function. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003 Jun;77(6):1466-73. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/77.6.1466.
- Wang-Polagruto JF, Villablanca AC, Polagruto JA, Lee L, Holt RR, Schrader HR, Ensunsa JL, Steinberg FM, Schmitz HH, Keen CL. Chronic consumption of flavanol-rich cocoa improves endothelial function and decreases vascular cell adhesion molecule in hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47 Suppl 2:S177-86; discussion S206-9. doi: 10.1097/00005344-200606001-00013.
- Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, Roccella EJ; Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003 Dec;42(6):1206-52. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000107251.49515.c2. Epub 2003 Dec 1.
- Schroeter H, Heiss C, Balzer J, Kleinbongard P, Keen CL, Hollenberg NK, Sies H, Kwik-Uribe C, Schmitz HH, Kelm M. (-)-Epicatechin mediates beneficial effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in humans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jan 24;103(4):1024-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0510168103. Epub 2006 Jan 17.
- McCullough ML, Chevaux K, Jackson L, Preston M, Martinez G, Schmitz HH, Coletti C, Campos H, Hollenberg NK. Hypertension, the Kuna, and the epidemiology of flavanols. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47 Suppl 2:S103-9; discussion 119-21. doi: 10.1097/00005344-200606001-00003.
- Taubert D, Roesen R, Lehmann C, Jung N, Schomig E. Effects of low habitual cocoa intake on blood pressure and bioactive nitric oxide: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2007 Jul 4;298(1):49-60. doi: 10.1001/jama.298.1.49.
- Grassi D, Necozione S, Lippi C, Croce G, Valeri L, Pasqualetti P, Desideri G, Blumberg JB, Ferri C. Cocoa reduces blood pressure and insulin resistance and improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensives. Hypertension. 2005 Aug;46(2):398-405. doi: 10.1161/01.HYP.0000174990.46027.70. Epub 2005 Jul 18.
- Taubert D, Roesen R, Schomig E. Effect of cocoa and tea intake on blood pressure: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med. 2007 Apr 9;167(7):626-34. doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.7.626.
- Farouque HM, Leung M, Hope SA, Baldi M, Schechter C, Cameron JD, Meredith IT. Acute and chronic effects of flavanol-rich cocoa on vascular function in subjects with coronary artery disease: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Clin Sci (Lond). 2006 Jul;111(1):71-80. doi: 10.1042/CS20060048.
- Selmi C, Mao TK, Keen CL, Schmitz HH, Eric Gershwin M. The anti-inflammatory properties of cocoa flavanols. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47 Suppl 2:S163-71; discussion S172-6. doi: 10.1097/00005344-200606001-00010.
- Keen CL, Holt RR, Oteiza PI, Fraga CG, Schmitz HH. Cocoa antioxidants and cardiovascular health. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Jan;81(1 Suppl):298S-303S. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/81.1.298S.
- Muniyappa R, Hall G, Kolodziej TL, Karne RJ, Crandon SK, Quon MJ. Cocoa consumption for 2 wk enhances insulin-mediated vasodilatation without improving blood pressure or insulin resistance in essential hypertension. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Dec;88(6):1685-96. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26457.
- Engler MB, Engler MM, Chen CY, Malloy MJ, Browne A, Chiu EY, Kwak HK, Milbury P, Paul SM, Blumberg J, Mietus-Snyder ML. Flavonoid-rich dark chocolate improves endothelial function and increases plasma epicatechin concentrations in healthy adults. J Am Coll Nutr. 2004 Jun;23(3):197-204. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2004.10719361.
- Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, Grassi G, Heagerty AM, Kjeldsen SE, Laurent S, Narkiewicz K, Ruilope L, Rynkiewicz A, Schmieder RE, Boudier HA, Zanchetti A; ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension. 2007 ESH-ESC Practice Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: ESH-ESC Task Force on the Management of Arterial Hypertension. J Hypertens. 2007 Sep;25(9):1751-62. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3282f0580f. No abstract available. Erratum In: J Hypertens. 2007 Oct;25(10):2184.
- K Hollenberg N. Vascular action of cocoa flavanols in humans: the roots of the story. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47 Suppl 2:S99-102; discussion S119-21. doi: 10.1097/00005344-200606001-00002.
- Desch S, Schmidt J, Kobler D, Sonnabend M, Eitel I, Sareban M, Rahimi K, Schuler G, Thiele H. Effect of cocoa products on blood pressure: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Hypertens. 2010 Jan;23(1):97-103. doi: 10.1038/ajh.2009.213. Epub 2009 Nov 12.
- Ried K, Sullivan T, Fakler P, Frank OR, Stocks NP. Does chocolate reduce blood pressure? A meta-analysis. BMC Med. 2010 Jun 28;8:39. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-8-39.
- Sabater-Hernandez D, Fikri-Benbrahim O, Faus MJ. [Usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring for clinical decisions making]. Med Clin (Barc). 2010 Jun 5;135(1):23-9. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2009.07.019. Epub 2009 Oct 12. Spanish.
- Haukoos JS, Newgard CD. Advanced statistics: missing data in clinical research--part 1: an introduction and conceptual framework. Acad Emerg Med. 2007 Jul;14(7):662-8. doi: 10.1197/j.aem.2006.11.037. Epub 2007 May 30.
- Crews WD Jr, Harrison DW, Wright JW. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of the effects of dark chocolate and cocoa on variables associated with neuropsychological functioning and cardiovascular health: clinical findings from a sample of healthy, cognitively intact older adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Apr;87(4):872-80. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/87.4.872.
- Monagas M, Khan N, Andres-Lacueva C, Casas R, Urpi-Sarda M, Llorach R, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Estruch R. Effect of cocoa powder on the modulation of inflammatory biomarkers in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Nov;90(5):1144-50. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27716. Epub 2009 Sep 23.
- Grassi D, Desideri G, Necozione S, Lippi C, Casale R, Properzi G, Blumberg JB, Ferri C. Blood pressure is reduced and insulin sensitivity increased in glucose-intolerant, hypertensive subjects after 15 days of consuming high-polyphenol dark chocolate. J Nutr. 2008 Sep;138(9):1671-6. doi: 10.1093/jn/138.9.1671.
- Fraga CG, Actis-Goretta L, Ottaviani JI, Carrasquedo F, Lotito SB, Lazarus S, Schmitz HH, Keen CL. Regular consumption of a flavanol-rich chocolate can improve oxidant stress in young soccer players. Clin Dev Immunol. 2005 Mar;12(1):11-7. doi: 10.1080/10446670410001722159.
- Holt RR, Actis-Goretta L, Momma TY, Keen CL. Dietary flavanols and platelet reactivity. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2006;47 Suppl 2:S187-96; discussion S206-9. doi: 10.1097/00005344-200606001-00014.
- Ferri C, Grassi D, Grassi G. Cocoa beans, endothelial function and aging: an unexpected friendship? J Hypertens. 2006 Aug;24(8):1471-4. doi: 10.1097/01.hjh.0000239279.82196.ec. No abstract available.
Datoer for undersøgelser
Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.
Studer store datoer
Studiestart
1. juli 2009
Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)
1. juli 2011
Studieafslutning (Faktiske)
1. juli 2011
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
24. november 2011
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
16. december 2011
Først opslået (Skøn)
21. december 2011
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Skøn)
21. december 2011
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
16. december 2011
Sidst verificeret
1. december 2011
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- Cacao I
Disse oplysninger blev hentet direkte fra webstedet clinicaltrials.gov uden ændringer. Hvis du har nogen anmodninger om at ændre, fjerne eller opdatere dine undersøgelsesoplysninger, bedes du kontakte register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ændring er implementeret på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også blive opdateret automatisk på vores hjemmeside .
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