Denne side blev automatisk oversat, og nøjagtigheden af ​​oversættelsen er ikke garanteret. Der henvises til engelsk version for en kildetekst.

Validity and Reliability of the Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) in Turkish

25. april 2026 opdateret af: Gulfidan Tokgoz, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Validity and Reliability of the Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) in a Geriatric Population in Turkish

The aim of this research is to adapt the Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) into Turkish and to evaluate its suitability for the Turkish elderly population through validity and reliability analyses. After the cultural adaptation process is completed, the construct validity of the scale will be evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses; its reliability will be assessed through internal consistency coefficients (Cronbach's alpha) and test-retest reliability over time (ICC). Accordingly, the study aims to provide a valid and reliable assessment tool for clinicians and researchers who wish to evaluate individual experiences in exergaming-based interventions.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

While regular exercise plays a critical role in maintaining the physical and cognitive health of the growing elderly population, barriers such as lack of motivation, physical limitations, and boredom restrict participation in exercise among the elderly. Multimodal "exergaming" applications, which combine exercise and gamification dynamics, offer an innovative and enjoyable alternative that enhances the motivation, balance, cognitive skills, and coordination of older individuals. The long-term success of exergaming interventions and the sustainability of participation should be evaluated not only by physical outcomes but also by psychosocial motivational parameters such as enjoyment, flow, and sense of control derived from the game. The Exergame Experience Questionnaire (EEQ) stands out in the literature for measuring this experience. However, the EEQ scale, in its current form, is only valid within the English-speaking cultural context. Despite the increasing prevalence of exergaming applications in Türkiye, the lack of a psychometrically robust and culturally adapted measurement tool capable of evaluating this experience in a multidimensional way hinders the individualization of interventions and the measurement of their effectiveness. This study aims to address this deficiency.

Undersøgelsestype

Observationel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

46

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Studiesteder

  • Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
      • Balıkesir, Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
        • Balıkesir Üniversitesi
        • Kontakt:
        • Underforsker:
          • Bilal Katipoğlu, Assoc. Prof. Dr.
        • Underforsker:
          • Nilay ARMAN, Assoc. Prof. Dr.

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Prøveudtagningsmetode

Ikke-sandsynlighedsprøve

Studiebefolkning

The study population consists of individuals aged 65 and over residing in the city center of Balıkesir. Accordingly, the sample group will be comprised of volunteer elderly individuals who meet the specified inclusion criteria, have a cognitive capacity suitable for data collection, and have experience with the exergaming applications included in the study protocol.

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being 65 years of age or older
  • Having participated in an exergaming application at least once before
  • Not having a physical, sensory or cognitive disability that would prevent participation in the exergaming application
  • Agreeing to participate voluntarily and providing informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Individuals with active neurological, vestibular, or psychiatric disorders
  2. Individuals diagnosed with moderate or severe cognitive impairment (MMSE < 24 and/or MoCA < 21)
  3. Individuals with severe hearing or vision loss
  4. Individuals who are physically unable to participate in exergaming due to cardiopulmonary or orthopedic reasons
  5. Individuals with no prior exergaming experience
  6. Individuals who experience significant communication difficulties
  7. Participants who do not sign the voluntary consent form

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

Kohorter og interventioner

Gruppe / kohorte
Intervention / Behandling
Geriartric Indivıduals
The study population consists of individuals aged 65 and over residing in the city center of Balıkesir.
Andet: Validity and reliability assessments
The adaptation process of the Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) into Turkish will be carried out following the forward-backward translation method proposed by Beaton et al. (2000), which has international validity. In this context, the scale will first be translated from English to Turkish by two independent translators, one a healthcare specialist and the other a professional language expert. These two translations will then be compared to create a common preliminary text; subsequently, this text will be translated back into English by two independent translators whose native language is English and who are familiar with the conceptual content, and any loss of meaning will be evaluated. The resulting Turkish draft will be reviewed by an expert panel for cultural appropriateness, linguistic clarity, and conceptual equivalent; necessary adjustments will be made. Finally, the scale will be piloted on 10 elderly individuals selected from the target population, and feedback on the com

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ)
Tidsramme: 2 weeks

The Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ) is a self-report, multidimensional measurement tool developed to assess the level of enjoyment individuals experience while participating in exercise-based digital games (Fitzgerald et al.). The scale allows for a comprehensive assessment of both the structural characteristics of the digital game and the experience related to physical activity (Fitzgerald et al.). The original form of the EEQ consists of a total of 20 items, adapted from scales such as the Game Engagement Questionnaire (GEQ), Immersive Experience Questionnaire (IEQ), and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), which have previously proven their validity and reliability (Fitzgerald et al.).

Each item is answered using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). The scale items are structured in four sub-dimensions: Immersion, Intrinsically Rewarding Activity, User Control, and Exercise Experience. O
2 weeks

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PAES)
Tidsramme: 1 weeks
The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PAES) is a self-report psychometric scale developed to assess the level of enjoyment individuals experience while participating in physical activity (Mullen et al., 2011; Özkurt et al., 2022). The Turkish adapted version of the scale was introduced to the Turkish population by Özkurt et al. (2022) after completing the cultural adaptation process and validity and reliability analyses. PAES has a single-factor structure consisting of 8 items. Each item is answered with a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree) (Özkurt et al., 2022). High scores obtained from the scale indicate that the individual experiences a high level of enjoyment during physical activity. The scale's internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96) and composite reliability value (CR = 0.95) were found to be high, indicating that the scale has strong psychometric properties (Özkurt et al.,
1 weeks

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

  • Özkurt, B., Küçükibiş, H. F., & Eskiler, E. (2022). Fiziksel Aktivitelerden Keyif Alma Ölçeği (FAKÖ): Türk Kültürüne Uyarlama, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(1), 21-37. https://doi.org/10.18506/anemon.976300
  • Fitzgerald, A., Huang, S., Sposato, K., Wang, D., Claypool, M., & Agu, E. (2020). The Exergame Enjoyment Questionnaire (EEQ): An instrument for measuring exergame enjoyment. Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS).

Hjælpsomme links

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

30. april 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

15. maj 2026

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

30. september 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

25. april 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

25. april 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

1. maj 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

1. maj 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

25. april 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. april 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 2026/45

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret lægemiddelprodukt

Ingen

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-reguleret enhedsprodukt

Ingen

Disse oplysninger blev hentet direkte fra webstedet clinicaltrials.gov uden ændringer. Hvis du har nogen anmodninger om at ændre, fjerne eller opdatere dine undersøgelsesoplysninger, bedes du kontakte register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ændring er implementeret på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også blive opdateret automatisk på vores hjemmeside .

Kliniske forsøg med Validity and reliability assessments

Søg i lignende forsøg

Sponsorer og samarbejdspartnere

Medicinske tilstande

Narkotikainterventioner

CROs by country

CROs in Gambia

Betingelser

Sjældne sygdomme

Narkotikainterventioner

Kosttilskud

Sponsor / samarbejdspartnere

Placeringer

Abonner