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The Safety and Effectiveness of Zidovudine in the Treatment of HIV-Infected Children With Mild to Moderate Symptoms

A Multicenter Placebo-Controlled Trial To Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Oral Zidovudine in the Treatment of Children Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus With Mild to Moderate Symptoms (Including LIP)

To determine the safety and usefulness of zidovudine (AZT) for the treatment of children 3 months to 12 years of age. This study is designed to determine if children who are infected with HIV and who have a special type of lung disease called lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) or other early symptoms of HIV infection may derive benefit from treatment with AZT. It is hoped that this drug will prevent children from developing additional symptoms and infections and will help resolve already existing symptoms.

AZT has been shown in the laboratory to inhibit the infection of cells by HIV. AZT has been shown to decrease the mortality and the frequency of opportunistic infections in certain adult patients with symptomatic HIV infection. It is, therefore, likely that symptomatic HIV-infected children may also benefit from specific antiviral therapy.

Descripción general del estudio

Estado

Terminado

Condiciones

Intervención / Tratamiento

Descripción detallada

AZT has been shown in the laboratory to inhibit the infection of cells by HIV. AZT has been shown to decrease the mortality and the frequency of opportunistic infections in certain adult patients with symptomatic HIV infection. It is, therefore, likely that symptomatic HIV-infected children may also benefit from specific antiviral therapy.

Children who participate in the study are evaluated at a hospital outpatient clinic and are under the care of a specialist in pediatrics. Of the children who participate in the study, half receive AZT syrup and half receive a placebo (sugar solution). The investigator does not know which medication each child receives as this is decided by a random process. The children take the medication in a strawberry-flavored clear syrup every 6 hours (4 times a day), for a period of 2 years or 104 weeks. The children are monitored on an outpatient basis while receiving therapy and the tests performed on admission to the study are repeated several times during treatment. Blood samples are obtained once a week for the first 4 weeks, every other week for the next 4 weeks, and then monthly until the end of the study. At certain sites, Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is collected by lumbar puncture every 52 weeks to evaluate infection involving the brain and nervous system. An independent committee reviews the data collected on the children every 6 months. The drug is stopped or the dose reduced if unacceptable side effects develop. AMENDED: As of August 7, 1989 the study blind was broken, the placebo arm discontinued and the study closed to accrual as of September 25, 1989. The 6 children enrolled in the study have been offered AZT.

Tipo de estudio

Intervencionista

Inscripción

224

Fase

  • Fase 2

Contactos y Ubicaciones

Esta sección proporciona los datos de contacto de quienes realizan el estudio e información sobre dónde se lleva a cabo este estudio.

Ubicaciones de estudio

    • California
      • Downey, California, Estados Unidos, 902422814
        • Kaiser Permanente / UCLA Med Ctr
      • Long Beach, California, Estados Unidos, 90801
        • Long Beach Memorial (Pediatric)
      • Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos, 900276016
        • Children's Hosp of Los Angeles/UCLA Med Ctr
      • Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos, 905022004
        • Harbor - UCLA Med Ctr / UCLA School of Medicine
      • Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos, 900951752
        • UCLA Med Ctr / Pediatric
      • Los Angeles, California, Estados Unidos, 900593019
        • Martin Luther King Jr Gen Hosp / UCLA Med Ctr
      • Menlo Park, California, Estados Unidos, 94025
        • Stanford Univ School of Medicine
      • Oakland, California, Estados Unidos, 946091809
        • Children's Hosp of Oakland
      • San Diego, California, Estados Unidos, 92103
        • UCSD Treatment Ctr
      • San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos, 94143
        • Northern California Pediatric AIDS Treatment Ctr / UCSF
    • Florida
      • Miami, Florida, Estados Unidos, 331361013
        • Univ of Miami School of Medicine
      • Miami, Florida, Estados Unidos, 33136
        • Univ of Miami School of Medicine
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, Estados Unidos, 60612
        • Cook County Hosp
      • Chicago, Illinois, Estados Unidos, 606143394
        • Chicago Children's Memorial Hosp
    • Louisiana
      • New Orleans, Louisiana, Estados Unidos, 70112
        • Tulane Univ School of Medicine
      • New Orleans, Louisiana, Estados Unidos, 70112
        • Charity Hosp / Tulane Univ Med School
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, Estados Unidos, 21201
        • Univ of Maryland at Baltimore / Univ Med Ctr
      • Baltimore, Maryland, Estados Unidos, 212874933
        • Johns Hopkins Hosp - Pediatric
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos, 021155724
        • Children's Hosp of Boston
    • Minnesota
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, Estados Unidos, 55455
        • Univ of Minnesota
    • New Jersey
      • Newark, New Jersey, Estados Unidos, 071072198
        • Children's Hosp of New Jersey / UMDNJ - New Jersey Med Schl
    • New York
      • Bronx, New York, Estados Unidos, 10465
        • Jack Weiler Hosp / Bronx Municipal Hosp
      • Elmhurst, New York, Estados Unidos, 11373
        • City Hosp Ctr at Elmhurst / Mount Sinai Hosp
      • New York, New York, Estados Unidos, 10016
        • Bellevue Hosp / New York Univ Med Ctr
      • New York, New York, Estados Unidos, 10029
        • Mount Sinai Med Ctr
      • New York, New York, Estados Unidos, 10037
        • Harlem Hosp Ctr
      • New York, New York, Estados Unidos, 10003
        • Beth Israel Med Ctr / Pediatrics
      • New York, New York, Estados Unidos, 10032
        • Columbia Univ Babies' Hosp
    • North Carolina
      • Durham, North Carolina, Estados Unidos, 277103499
        • Duke Univ Med Ctr
    • Ohio
      • Columbus, Ohio, Estados Unidos, 432052696
        • Columbus Children's Hosp
    • Pennsylvania
      • Hershey, Pennsylvania, Estados Unidos, 170330850
        • Milton S Hershey Med Ctr
    • Texas
      • Houston, Texas, Estados Unidos, 77030
        • Baylor College of Medicine
      • Houston, Texas, Estados Unidos, 77030
        • Hermann Hosp / Univ Texas Health Science Ctr

Criterios de participación

Los investigadores buscan personas que se ajusten a una determinada descripción, denominada criterio de elegibilidad. Algunos ejemplos de estos criterios son el estado de salud general de una persona o tratamientos previos.

Criterio de elegibilidad

Edades elegibles para estudiar

3 meses a 12 años (Niño)

Acepta Voluntarios Saludables

No

Géneros elegibles para el estudio

Todos

Descripción

Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

  • Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in children with AIDS or CD4 cell count = or < 500 cells/mm3.

Children must demonstrate the following clinical and laboratory findings:

  • Laboratory evidence of HIV infection as demonstrated by either a positive viral culture or detectable serum p24 antigen or = or > two positive tests for HIV antibody, which must be determined by a federally licensed ELISA test and confirmed by Western blot.
  • Children < 15 months of age, who are thought to have acquired HIV through perinatal transmission and whose only laboratory evidence of HIV infection is a positive antibody test, must also have one or more of the following laboratory criteria indicative of immunologic abnormality:
  • hypergammaglobulinemia (IgG or IgA) defined as greater than the upper limit of normal for age-adjusted normals; absolute depression in the CD4+ cells to = or < 500 cells/mm3; decreased helper/suppressor ratio < 1.0; depressed in vitro mitogen response to at least one antigen/mitogen.
  • Absence of serious bacterial infections as defined in Exclusion Criteria requiring therapy at the time of entry.
  • Hemophiliacs are included.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Children will be excluded for the following reasons:

  • Recurrent or life-threatening toxicity. Several allergic reactions such as exfoliative erythroderma, anaphylaxis, or vascular collapse. The presence of one or more of the indicator diseases of AIDS, such as opportunistic infections, malignancy, recurrent bacterial infections, or encephalopathy. Development of two or more episodes of recurrent varicella zoster infection or chronic zoster defined as = or > 30 days duration. Development of AIDS related complex, with failure to thrive, persistent or recurrent oral candidiasis, plus at least one of the following:
  • Diarrhea that is either persistent or recurrent, lymphadenopathy at two or more noncontiguous sites, organomegaly, nephropathy manifested by nephrotic syndrome without evidence of renal failure, two or more episodes of herpes stomatitis or one or more episodes of herpes zoster within a 1 year period; plus at least one of the following:
  • hypergammaglobulinemia, depression in the CD4+ cells to = or < 500/mm3, decreased helper/suppressor ratio < 1.0, depressed in vitro mitogen response to at least one antigen/mitogen.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

  • Hepatotoxic drugs.
  • Steroids for lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP).
  • Prophylaxis for oral candidiasis, or otitis media.
  • Immunoglobulin therapy.
  • Chronic use of drugs that are metabolized by hepatic glucuronidation.

Concurrent Treatment:

Excluded:

  • Supplemental oxygen treatment for lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP).

Children will be excluded from the study for the following reasons:

  • AIDS-defining opportunistic infection or neoplasm.
  • Unexplained recurrent, serious bacterial infections (= or > 2 within a 2-year period) including sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, abscess of an internal organ, and bone/joint infections caused by Haemophilus, Streptococcus, or other pyogenic bacteria.
  • Encephalopathy.
  • One or both of the following:
  • Failure to thrive, defined as a child who crosses two percentile lines on the growth chart or a child who is less than the fifth percentile and does not follow the curve; and/or persistent (= or > 2 months) oral candidiasis despite appropriate topical therapy.
  • Children with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis (LIP) who are steroid dependent or requiring supplemental oxygen or who have a pretreatment PaO2 < 70 mmHg.
  • Children who qualify for the entrance criteria to open-label zidovudine (AZT) or AZT plus or minus gammaglobulin.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

  • Rifampin or rifampin derivatives.
  • Antiretroviral agents.
  • Zidovudine (AZT).
  • Excluded within 2 weeks of study entry:
  • Other experimental therapy.
  • Drugs which cause prolonged neutropenia or significant nephrotoxicity.
  • Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:
  • Immunomodulating agents including immunoglobulin, interferon, isoprinosine, and IL-2.

Prior Treatment:

Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:

  • Lymphocyte transfusions.

Active alcohol or drug abuse.

Plan de estudios

Esta sección proporciona detalles del plan de estudio, incluido cómo está diseñado el estudio y qué mide el estudio.

¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?

Detalles de diseño

  • Propósito principal: Tratamiento
  • Enmascaramiento: Doble

Colaboradores e Investigadores

Aquí es donde encontrará personas y organizaciones involucradas en este estudio.

Patrocinador

Investigadores

  • Silla de estudio: P Weintrub

Fechas de registro del estudio

Estas fechas rastrean el progreso del registro del estudio y los envíos de resultados resumidos a ClinicalTrials.gov. Los registros del estudio y los resultados informados son revisados ​​por la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (NLM) para asegurarse de que cumplan con los estándares de control de calidad específicos antes de publicarlos en el sitio web público.

Fechas importantes del estudio

Finalización del estudio (Actual)

1 de septiembre de 1992

Fechas de registro del estudio

Enviado por primera vez

2 de noviembre de 1999

Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

30 de agosto de 2001

Publicado por primera vez (Estimar)

31 de agosto de 2001

Actualizaciones de registros de estudio

Última actualización publicada (Actual)

1 de noviembre de 2021

Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad

28 de octubre de 2021

Última verificación

1 de octubre de 2021

Más información

Términos relacionados con este estudio

Otros números de identificación del estudio

  • ACTG 052
  • 11026 (Identificador de registro: DAIDS ES Registry Number)

Esta información se obtuvo directamente del sitio web clinicaltrials.gov sin cambios. Si tiene alguna solicitud para cambiar, eliminar o actualizar los detalles de su estudio, comuníquese con register@clinicaltrials.gov. Tan pronto como se implemente un cambio en clinicaltrials.gov, también se actualizará automáticamente en nuestro sitio web. .

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