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Trunk and Lower Limb Muscle Contributions to ACL Loading During Single-Leg Landing

2026년 5월 19일 업데이트: Shazlin Shaharudin, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly occurred through non-contact mechanisms during dynamic tasks such as single-leg landing (SLL). Trunk control and lower limb muscle coordination were believed to play a critical role in modulating knee joint biomechanics and ACL loading; however, their individual muscle contributions remained poorly understood due to the difficulty of in-vivo ACL force measurement. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between core strength, lower limb muscle forces, knee joint biomechanics, and ACL loading during single-leg landing in collegiate athletes. Three-dimensional full-body kinematics, ground reaction forces, and electromyography data were collected and integrated into a musculoskeletal modelling framework to estimate ACL loading and individual muscle force contributions. Findings from this study were expected to provide biomechanical evidence to support targeted injury-prevention and rehabilitation strategies.

연구 개요

상태

완전한

정황

상세 설명

Anterior cruciate ligament injuries often led to long-term consequences including early knee osteoarthritis, abnormal neuromuscular function, and reduced athletic participation. Approximately 70% of ACL injuries occurred via non-contact mechanisms, frequently during single-leg landing tasks. During such movements, ACL loading was influenced by joint kinematics, external forces, and neuromuscular coordination of both trunk and lower limb muscles. This study adopted a two-level approach. First, standard biomechanical analyses were conducted to evaluate the relationship between functional core strength and knee joint biomechanics, including knee valgus angle and knee abduction moment during SLL. Second, a musculoskeletal modelling approach was employed to quantify the contribution of individual trunk and lower limb muscles to ACL loading.

Participants performed standardized single-leg landing tasks while wearing inertial motion sensors and surface electromyography electrodes. Ground reaction forces were recorded using a force platform. A full-body musculoskeletal model was scaled to participant anthropometry and used to estimate muscle forces and ACL loading during the landing phase. Statistical analyses included linear regression and linear mixed-effects modelling to examine relationships between muscle forces, knee biomechanics, and ACL loading.

연구 유형

관찰

등록 (실제)

40

연락처 및 위치

이 섹션에서는 연구를 수행하는 사람들의 연락처 정보와 이 연구가 수행되는 장소에 대한 정보를 제공합니다.

연구 장소

  • 말레이시아
    • Pulau Pinang
      • Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, 말레이시아
        • School of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia

참여기준

연구원은 적격성 기준이라는 특정 설명에 맞는 사람을 찾습니다. 이러한 기준의 몇 가지 예는 개인의 일반적인 건강 상태 또는 이전 치료입니다.

자격 기준

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예

샘플링 방법

비확률 샘플

연구 인구

The study population consisted of forty collegiate male athletes aged 19 to 25 years who participated in sports involving frequent jumping and landing movements. All participants had a minimum of three years of competitive experience and trained at least twice per week. Individuals with a history of major lower limb or back injury requiring surgery, current musculoskeletal injury, or medical conditions limiting maximal physical effort were excluded. All participants provided written informed consent prior to participation.

설명

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male collegiate athletes aged 19-25 years
  • Minimum of 3 years of competitive experience in jump-landing sports (e.g., volleyball, basketball, netball)
  • Training frequency of at least twice per week
  • No history of back or lower limb injury

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of major lower limb or back injury requiring surgery
  • Any medical condition preventing maximal physical effort
  • Current musculoskeletal pain or injury affecting movement performance

공부 계획

이 섹션에서는 연구 설계 방법과 연구가 측정하는 내용을 포함하여 연구 계획에 대한 세부 정보를 제공합니다.

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주요 결과 측정

결과 측정
측정값 설명
기간
Peak Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Force During Single-Leg Landing
기간: Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Peak anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) force (Newtons, N) was estimated during the landing phase of a single-leg landing task using subject-specific musculoskeletal modelling. Three-dimensional whole-body kinematics (Xsens inertial motion capture), ground reaction forces (Bertec force platform), and surface electromyography (EMG) signals from trunk and lower limb muscles were integrated within a full-body musculoskeletal model to compute ACL loading. Peak ACL force was extracted from initial ground contact to maximum knee flexion.
Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Correlation Between Plank Endurance Time and Peak Knee Valgus Angle During Single-Leg Landing
기간: Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Pearson correlation between plank endurance time (seconds) and peak knee valgus angle (degrees) measured during single-leg landing using three-dimensional motion analysis (Xsens inertial motion capture).
Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Knee Valgus Angle During Single-Leg Landing
기간: Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Peak knee valgus angle (degrees, °) was calculated from three-dimensional lower limb kinematic data collected using full-body inertial motion capture (Xsens). Knee joint angles were derived using inverse kinematics and analyzed from initial ground contact to maximum knee flexion during the single-leg landing task.
Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Knee Abduction Moment During Single-Leg Landing
기간: Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Peak knee abduction moment (Newton-meters, Nm) was computed using inverse dynamics based on synchronized three-dimensional kinematic data (Xsens) and ground reaction force data (Bertec force platform). Peak values were identified during the landing phase from initial ground contact to maximum knee flexion.
Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Trunk and Lower Limb Muscle Forces During Single-Leg Landing
기간: Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).
Peak trunk and lower limb muscle forces (Newtons, N) were estimated using a full-body lumbar spine musculoskeletal model driven by experimental kinematics, ground reaction forces, and electromyography-informed muscle activation patterns. Muscle force outputs were analyzed during the landing phase of the single-leg landing task from initial ground contact to maximum knee flexion.
Assessed during a single laboratory testing session (up to 2 hours).

공동 작업자 및 조사자

여기에서 이 연구와 관련된 사람과 조직을 찾을 수 있습니다.

스폰서

Universiti Sains Malaysia

연구 기록 날짜

이 날짜는 ClinicalTrials.gov에 대한 연구 기록 및 요약 결과 제출의 진행 상황을 추적합니다. 연구 기록 및 보고된 결과는 공개 웹사이트에 게시되기 전에 특정 품질 관리 기준을 충족하는지 확인하기 위해 국립 의학 도서관(NLM)에서 검토합니다.

연구 주요 날짜

연구 시작 (실제)

2024년 6월 12일

기본 완료 (실제)

2024년 7월 11일

연구 완료 (실제)

2024년 7월 11일

연구 등록 날짜

최초 제출

2026년 1월 1일

QC 기준을 충족하는 최초 제출

2026년 5월 19일

처음 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 5월 27일

연구 기록 업데이트

마지막 업데이트 게시됨 (실제)

2026년 5월 27일

QC 기준을 충족하는 마지막 업데이트 제출

2026년 5월 19일

마지막으로 확인됨

2026년 1월 1일

추가 정보

이 연구와 관련된 용어

기타 연구 ID 번호

  • USM/JEPeM/KK/23100759

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