A Study to Evaluate the Effect of Weekly PROCRIT (Epoetin Alfa) or Placebo on Anemia and Quality of Life in Children With Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy

PROCRIT® (epoetin alfa) is an analogue of erythropoetin, a hormone secreted by kidneys known to stimulate red blood cell production. PROCRIT® is approved to be given three times per week to treat anemia in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Once per week dosing in adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy is investigational and is not approved by the FDA. The use of PROCRIT® in children with cancer is investigational and is not approved by the FDA. (Please note: Since completion of this study, once weekly dosing on PROCRIT® in adult cancer patients was approved by FDA in June 2004 and use of PROCRIT® in children with cancer was approved by FDA in October 2005). The use of PROCRIT® to improve quality of life is investigational and not approved by the FDA. This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of once-weekly dosing of PROCRIT® or placebo on anemia in children with cancer undergoing myelosuppressive chemotherapy, and to assess its effect on the quality of life. Patients are randomized into a 1:1 ratio to receive either PROCRIT® or placebo administered intravenously. Randomization is stratified by cancer type, with one stratum for children diagnosed with a malignant solid tumor or Hodgkin's Disease, and the second stratum for children diagnosed with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL) or Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL). The initial dose of study medication is 600 Units/kg for a maximum dose of 40,000 Units intravenously (IV) weekly, or placebo, up to 16 weeks. The study medication is adjusted to 900 Units/kg, for a maximum dose of 60,000 Units IV weekly, if the hemoglobin does not increase by at least 1 g/dL by Study Week 4/5. Patients were seen and evaluated based on the patient's scheduled chemotherapy regimen. Patients who received chemotherapy weekly, every two weeks, or every four weeks (4-week group), scheduled study visits occurred every four weeks. The study investigated effectiveness of once weekly dosing of PROCRIT® on anemia and quality of life in children with cancer undergoing myelosuppressive chemotherapy. The primary measure of effectiveness is the change in the patient-reported Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL Inventory) from baseline to the last assessment. Other measures of effectiveness include differences in hemoglobin levels, transfusion requirements, and quality of life outcomes. Safety is assessed by comparing the incidence and severity of adverse experiences in the PROCRIT® group versus the placebo group. Clinical laboratory tests (hematology, iron profile, and serum chemistry), physical examinations, and vital sign measurements are also assessed. 600 to 900 Units/kg intravenously (IV) of either PROCRIT® or placebo. Initial dose is 600 Units/kg (maximum dose 40,000 Units IV weekly) up to 16 weeks. If the hemoglobin does not increase by >= 1 g/dL at Week 4/5, dose is adjusted to 900 Units/kg (maximum dose 60,000 Units IV weekly).