Structural and Functional Connectivity of Frontostriatal and Frontoparietal Networks as Endophenotypes of ADHD

September 1, 2021 updated by: Statistical Center, NTUHCTC, National Taiwan University Hospital

Structural and Functional Connectivity of Frontostriatal and Frontoparietal Networks as Endophenotypes of Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, impairing, clinically and genetically heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder with lifelong executive dysfunctions. The ultimate goal of this 3-year case-control imaging genomic study with unaffected siblings and typically developing (TD) children as controls is to identify useful imaging endophenotype for ADHD by investigating the structural connectivity, as assessed by diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI), and functional connectivity, as assessed by resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) of brain regions related to cognitive/executive controls with regards to the ADHD status and the presence of dopamine transporter gene variants (DAT1).

Specific Aims:

  1. to validate the executive functions, visuospatial memory, and structural and functional connectivity in frontostriatal, and frontoparietal circuitries as effective neurocognitive endophenotypes;
  2. to correlate the data from structural and functional connectivity, neuropsychology, and ADHD core symptoms stratifying by the presence of ADHD, proband-unaffected sibling dyads, and the presence of DAT1 variant; and
  3. To investigate reported candidate genes, in addition to DAT1 variant, related to dopamine and noradrenergic neurotransmitter systems in the association with neurocognitive endophenotypes such as DRD1, DRD2, DRD4, DRD5, DBH, MAO-A, ADRA2A, ADRA2C, NET, and COMT.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Detailed Description

The sample (n=240, 8 groups, ages 10-20, IQ > 80) consists of (1) 30 ADHD probands with DAT1 variants, (2) 30 same-sex unaffected siblings, (3) 30 ADHD probands without DAT1 gene variants, who were age-, sex-, and IQ-matched to Group 1, (4) 30 same-sex unaffected siblings of Group 3, (5) 30 age-, sex- and IQ-matched TD controls for each of 4 groups (Groups 1, 2, 3 & 4).

The assessments include psychiatric interviews, self-administered questionnaires (CBCL and SNAP-IV for ADHD and behavioral problems; the SAICA for school and social function), neurocognitive assessments (WISC-III-R or WAIS-III for intelligence, Conner's CPT for sustained attention, inhibition, and vigilance, CANTAB for executive functions and visuo-spatial memory), and MRI assessments (Structural MRI, DSI and rsfMRI).

Brain Imaging: (1) Structural MRI (T1- and T2-weighted images), DSI and rsfMRI data will be acquired on a 3T MRI system with a 32-channel head coil. DSI employs a pulsed-gradient spin-echo echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence by applying 102 diffusion gradient vectors and the maximum diffusion sensitivity = 4000 s/mm2, and rsfMRI is a 6-minute scan using a gradient-echo EPI sequence with 180 volumes. (2) Structural connectivity analysis: DSI tractography will be performed using in-house software (DSI studio, http://dsi-studio.labsolver.org/Home). Tracts-of-interest in the frontostriatal circuit and the frontoparietal circuit will be identified, and tract-specific analysis will be used to analyze the microstructural integrity along individual tract bundles. (3) Functional connectivity analysis: SPM8 program and in-house MATLAB codes will be used for analyses of rsfMRI data. Region-of-interests (ROIs) will be placed in the nodes of the corresponding circuits according to an anatomical template (WFU_PickAtlas 3.03). These ROIs will serve for tract determination in the tractography procedure and for seed regions in which BOLD signals are extracted for regression analysis among nodes.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
240

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Taiwan
      • Taipei, Taiwan
        • National Taiwan Univeristy Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

12 years to 20 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The sample (n=240, 8 groups, ages 10-20, IQ > 80) consists of (1) 30 ADHD probands with DAT1 variants, (2) 30 same-sex unaffected siblings, (3) 30 ADHD probands without DAT1 gene variants, who were age-, sex-, and IQ-matched to Group 1, (4) 30 same-sex unaffected siblings of Group 3, (5) 30 age-, sex- and IQ-matched TD controls for each of 4 groups (Groups 1, 2, 3 & 4).

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • ADHD+DAT1 groups: Subjects aged 12-20, who have clinical diagnosis of ADHD according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria and who have risk alleles of DAT1 gene, regardless of having same-sex unaffected siblings or the drug-naïve status.
  • ADHD drug-naïve groups: Subjects aged 12-20, who have clinical diagnosis of ADHD according to the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria, who do not have risk alleles of DAT1 gene, who have the same-sex unaffected siblings and who have never been treated by medication for treating ADHD.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • These subjects will be excluded from the study if they have any of the following criteria: (1) Comorbidity with DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder, other psychotic disorder, organic psychosis, schizotypal personality disorder, bipolar disorder, depression, severe anxiety disorders or substance use; (2) With neurodegenerative disorder, epilepsy, involuntary movement disorder, congenital metabolic disorder, brain tumor, history of severe head trauma, and history of craniotomy; (3)With visual or hearing impairments, or motor disability which may influence the process of MRI assessment; and (4) Full-scale IQ lower than 80. In addition, if the control subjects have ODD or CD, they will be excluded.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
Group 1: ADHD+DAT1, Probands
30 ADHD probands with DAT1 variants
Group 2: ADHD+DAT1, Unaffected sibling
30 same-sex unaffected siblings of Group 1
Group 3: ADHD Drug-naïve, Probands
30 ADHD probands without DAT1 gene variants, who were age-, sex-, and IQ-matched to Group 1
Group 4: ADHD Drug-naïve, unaffected sibling
30 same-sex unaffected siblings of Group 3
Matched controls
30 age-, sex- and IQ-matched TD controls for each of 4 groups

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
National Taiwan University Hospital

Publications and helpful links

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General Publications

Study record dates

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Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
August 1, 2012

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 31, 2015

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 31, 2015

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
September 7, 2012

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 7, 2012

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 11, 2012

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 2, 2021

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 1, 2021

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 201204071RIC

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