Shortened Depression Assessment Study

December 1, 2023 updated by: Kang Lee, University of Toronto

Using the Long to Short Approach to Develop Rapid Depressions Scales

Participants will be asked to fill out an online questionnaire about their demographics information and all 42 items from the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). A series of machine learning techniques will be applied to the dataset to develop a shortened assessment using the most important demographics and DASS-42 items from the original questionnaire, to predict depression levels indicated by DASS-42.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Detailed Description

Clinical depression affects 5-10% of the world population each year and is a serious mental health issue globally. There are many traditional psychological scales that assess levels of depression in adults, where their items are often redundant in the information they carry, and their scoring is not necessarily linear to the item scores. Thus, machine learning techniques can help find the redundancy in the items, as well as the nonlinear relationship between the item scores and the final prediction. Using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42 (DASS-42) as the basis, participants will be asked to fill out an online questionnaire about their demographics information (age, gender, country of residence, race, etc.) and all 42 items of DASS-42 to provide a dataset for this study. Feature selection techniques such as MRMR and Gini feature importance were applied to identify the most important features in the dataset. Then, using machine learning methods such as Logistic Regression, XGBoost, and Ensemble models, models will be fitted on the most important features to develop a shortened depression scale (7-9 items consisting of demographics items and DASS items) that accurately predicted the levels of depression (as measured by the AUC, ROC and F1 scores.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
39000

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • Ontario
      • Toronto, Ontario, Canada
        • University of Toronto

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 100 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Participants from all countries worldwide are eligible

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18 and above
  • Must be able to read English
  • Must have access to the Internet worldwide

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 17 and under
  • Persons who cannot read English
  • Persons that do not have access to Internet

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Rapid Depression Assessment Tool based on Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 42
Time Frame: All participants completed the same assessments, which took 10-15 minutes

Participants filled out an online questionnaire about their demographic information (age, sex, and ethnicity) and all 42 items from the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). Each item consists of a 4-point Likert scale from 0 to 3, where 0 means "Did not apply to me at all" and 3 means "Applied to me very much, or most of the time". The depression score is the sum of scores for the items in the depression sub-scale. A higher score indicates a more severe level of depression symptoms.

Machine learning techniques were used to develop a shortened assessment (Rapid Depression Assessment Tool) using demographics and 5 DASS-42 items from the original questionnaire, to predict severity levels of depression indicated by DASS-42. The assessment tool calculates the likelihood of moderate depression symptoms and severe depression symptoms given the responses from each item (ranging from 0 to 3). The data was collected and aggregated through a public website.
All participants completed the same assessments, which took 10-15 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Toronto

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Chair: Kang Lee, University of Toronto

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2019

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 1, 2021

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 5, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
November 5, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
November 17, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 8, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 1, 2023

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 0032755

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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