Comparing Two Wound Coverings for Healing and Comfort After Palatal Gum Graft Surgery in Adults

April 24, 2025 updated by: Hooman Hashemzadeh, Ondokuz Mayıs University

Evaluation of the Effects of Cyanoacrylate and Polyglycolic Acid-Based Wound Dressings on Secondary Wound Healing

After gum-grafting surgery, the bare spot in the palate can be slow to heal and quite sore. In this study, the investigators are trying three dressing methods to see which helps most: Standard care: gelatin sponge alone, Option A: gelatin sponge plus quick-dry tissue glue (cyanoacrylate), Option B: gelatin sponge plus a dissolvable mesh (polyglycolic acid). Investigators will enroll 45 adults having a free gingival graft and randomly assign 15 people to each group. Once the graft is taken, investigators will apply and suture in the assigned dressing. Follow-up visits will occur at 1 and 2 weeks, and at 1 and 2 months. Investigators will evaluate: Wound healing using two simple scales-how fast the site repairs (LTH index) and (MMS). Pain and burning sensations will also be recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS). By comparing these three approaches, investigators hope to find which dressing speeds recovery, improves the final result, and keeps discomfort to a minimum.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Free gingival grafting (FGG) is a well-established periodontal procedure commonly used to increase keratinized tissue width or treat gingival recessions. However, harvesting tissue from the palate leaves a secondary wound at the donor site, which often heals by secondary intention. This can result in considerable postoperative discomfort, delayed epithelialization, and an increased risk of complications such as bleeding, infection, or scarring. This randomized, controlled clinical trial aims to compare the effectiveness of three different wound dressing approaches in promoting healing and reducing patient morbidity at the palatal donor site following FGG surgery. A total of 45 adult patients requiring FGG for periodontal or mucogingival indications will be enrolled and randomly assigned (1:1:1 ratio) into three groups: Control Group: Gelatin sponge (standard care), CYA Group (Option A): Gelatin sponge combined with a cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (a fast-polymerizing topical glue) and PGA Group (Option B): Gelatin sponge combined with a bioresorbable polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet. All materials used are biocompatible and approved for surgical application. After the graft is harvested, the assigned dressing will be sutured to the palatal wound under standard aseptic conditions. No additional protective stent will be used to isolate the effect of the test materials. The study is designed to evaluate and compare outcomes related to tissue healing, patient-reported pain, and wound appearance over a structured postoperative timeline. Patients will be followed up on Day 7, Day 14, and at 1 and 2 months after surgery. Objective Clinical Assessments include: Wound healing: Assessed via the Landry, Turnbull, and Howley (LTH) Index and Modified Manchester Scar Scale (MMS), Epithelialization: Measured using the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) bubble test, a visual indicator of open vs. epithelialized tissue. Subjective Patient-Reported Outcomes: Pain and burning sensation: Recorded using a 0-100 Visual Analog Scale (VAS) during the first 7 postoperative days and at follow-up visits. This trial will explore whether the addition of cyanoacrylate or PGA dressing materials can improve clinical healing parameters and enhance patient comfort compared to standard gelatin sponge treatment. The hypothesis is that bioactive dressings may promote faster epithelialization and superior healing outcomes, while also minimizing early postoperative pain. The findings from this trial may contribute to developing best-practice protocols for donor site management following periodontal soft tissue grafting, with the potential to enhance recovery quality and patient satisfaction.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
45

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Samsun, Turkey, 55270
        • Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi - Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Dentistry

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18 years and older
  • Good oral hygiene
  • Not using any medications that affect wound healing
  • No systemic diseases that may impair the normal healing process
  • Non-smokers
  • No clotting disorders
  • Not being pregnant or in the lactation period (for female patients)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with systemic conditions (e.g., diabetes, radiotherapy/chemotherapy, etc.)
  • Individuals using any medication that may affect wound healing
  • Individuals with coagulation disorders
  • Smokers
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • Poor oral hygiene
  • Patients who do not attend follow-up appointments regularly

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Gelatin Sponge (Control Group)
Participants (n=15) received a gelatin sponge dressing (Cutanplast®) placed over the palatal donor site and secured with crossed sling sutures around adjacent teeth.
Device: Gelatin Sponge Dressing (Cutanplast®)
Absorbable gelatin-based hemostatic sponge used for all study groups as a wound contact dressing.
Experimental: Cyanoacrylate Group (Test Group 1)
Participants (n=15) received a gelatin sponge dressing (Cutanplast®), followed by application of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (PeriAcryl®) to the sponge and wound margins. The dressing was stabilized using crossed sling sutures.
Device: Gelatin Sponge Dressing (Cutanplast®)
Absorbable gelatin-based hemostatic sponge used for all study groups as a wound contact dressing.
Device: Cyanoacrylate Tissue Adhesive (PeriAcryl®)
High-viscosity N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate/2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate adhesive applied as a topical barrier to the palatal wound site in the Cyanoacrylate Group.
Experimental: Polyglycolic Acid Group (Test Group 2)
Participants (n=15) received a gelatin sponge dressing (Cutanplast®) covered with a polyglycolic acid sheet (Neoveil®), trimmed to fit the wound and fixed with crossed sling sutures.
Device: Gelatin Sponge Dressing (Cutanplast®)
Absorbable gelatin-based hemostatic sponge used for all study groups as a wound contact dressing.
Device: Polyglycolic Acid Sheet (Neoveil®)
Bioresorbable PGA sheet placed over the gelatin sponge in the Polyglycolic Acid Group to enhance wound protection and healing.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
MMS (Modified Manchester Scar Scale)
Time Frame: Post-operative days 7, 14, and 1st month

Healing quality assessed by scoring color, contour, and distortion. Each category: 0 (best) to 2 (worst). Total score: 0 (best) to 6 (worst).

Scale Range: 0-6 Directionality: Lower scores = better outcome
Post-operative days 7, 14, and 1st month
Landry, Turnbull and Howley (LTH) healing index
Time Frame: Post-operative day 7, day 14, 1st month and 2nd month

Healing quality scored from 1 (very poor) to 5 (excellent) based on redness, bleeding, granulation, epithelialization, and suppuration.

Scale Range: 1-5 Directionality: Higher scores = better outcome
Post-operative day 7, day 14, 1st month and 2nd month
Epithelialization (H₂O₂ bubbling test)
Time Frame: Post-operative day 7, day 14 and 1st month
Complete epithelialization assessed using 3% hydrogen peroxide. Positive (bubbles present) = no epithelialization Negative (no bubbles) = complete epithelialization Scale Type: Binary (Positive/Negative) Directionality: Negative result = better outcome
Post-operative day 7, day 14 and 1st month
VAS pain score
Time Frame: Post-operative days 1-7, 14th day and 1st month

Assessed using a 0-100 modified Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where 0 = no pain and 100 = worst imaginable pain. Patients recorded pain levels daily for 7 days. Additional follow-ups occurred on Day 14, and Month 1.

Scale Range: 0-100 Directionality: Higher scores = worse outcome
Post-operative days 1-7, 14th day and 1st month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
VAS burning sensation score
Time Frame: Post-operative days 1-7, 14th day and 1st month
Assessed using a 0-100 modifed Visual Analog Scale (VAS), where 0 = no burning sensation and 100 = worst imaginable burning sensation. Patients recorded burning sensation levels daily for 7 days. Additional follow-ups occurred on Day 14, and Month 1. Scale Range: 0-100 Directionality: Higher scores = worse outcome
Post-operative days 1-7, 14th day and 1st month

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Ondokuz Mayıs University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Hooman Hashemzadeh, DDS, Ondokuz Mayıs University
  • Study Director: Umur Sakallıoğlu, PHD, Ondokuz Mayıs University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 7, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 14, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
January 14, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 17, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 24, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 30, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 30, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 24, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • B.30.2.ODM.0.20.08/712

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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