Mindfulness-Based Technology Addiction Program (MBTAP)

December 20, 2025 updated by: Hilal ALTUNDAL DURU, Mersin University

The Effect of a Mindfulness-Based Technology Addiction Program Applied to High School Students on Mindfulness, Internet and Smartphone Addiction

In this study, between 1 September 2023-31 January 2024, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 128 high school students in a state high school in Çankırı.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
128

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • being a first-year high school student studying at state high school in a central city of Türkiye
  • both student and parent agreeing to participate in the study and 3) not having communication barrier

Exclusion Criteria:

  • having an illness that would prevent participation in the study
  • withdrawing from the research voluntarily
  • not attending at least one of the sessions
  • not receiving other psychological training at the time of the research
  • not receiving mindfulness-based mediation experience
  • incomplete answering the instruments.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
No Intervention: Control group
There will be no training or intervention.
Experimental: Experimental group
Brief Self-compassion Program will be held in a face-to-face school environment for the high school students in the experimental group. The MBTAP was carried out face-to-face in the classroom for the high school students in the intervention group. The goal of the program was to improve high school students' mindfulness levels, and decrease internet and smartphone additions' levels. This program was developed based on the concepts of mindfulness. The MBTAP was created in a certain flow based on the awekening to mindfulness (2 sessions), breath, body and mind (2 sessions), mindfulness and stress (2 sessions) and power of the compassion. There are 8 sessions lasting four weeks in the program and the frequency of sessions is 2 sessions per week and each session lasts approximately 50 minutes. The training program will be applied to 64 high school students in the experimental group.
Other: Mindfulness-Based Technology Addiction Program
The MBTAP was carried out face-to-face in the classroom for the high school students in the intervention group. The goal of the program was to improve high school students' mindfulness levels, and decrease internet and smartphone additions' levels. This program was developed based on the concepts of mindfulness. The MBTAP was created in a certain flow based on the awekening to mindfulness (2 sessions), breath, body and mind (2 sessions), mindfulness and stress (2 sessions) and power of the compassion. There are 8 sessions lasting four weeks in the program and the frequency of sessions is 2 sessions per week and each session lasts approximately 50 minutes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS)
Time Frame: Change from before implementation, after practice is completed (4th week)
The MAAS consists of 15 items and is 6-point Likert type (almost always (1), most of the time (2), sometimes (3), rarely (4), very rarely (5), almost never (6)). The MAAS, which measures the general tendency to be aware of and attentive to moment-to-moment experiences in daily life, has a single-factor structure and no reverse-coded questions. High scores on the scale indicate high levels of mindfulness. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined to be 0.80
Change from before implementation, after practice is completed (4th week)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Young's Internet Addiction Test-Short Form (YIAT-SF)
Time Frame: Change from before implementation, after practice is completed (4th week)
The YIAT-SF consists of 12 items, one factor and is 5-point Likert type. Scores on the form range from 12 (lowest) to 60 (highest) and a high score on the test indicates greater levels of internet addiction. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined to be 0.86.
Change from before implementation, after practice is completed (4th week)
Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SF)
Time Frame: Change from before implementation, after practice is completed (4th week)
The SAS-SF consists of 10 items, one factor and 6-point Likert type. Scores on the scale range from 10 (lowest) to 60 (highest) and a high score on the form indicates greater levels of smartphone addiction. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was determined to be 0.90.
Change from before implementation, after practice is completed (4th week)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Mersin University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Çankırı Karatekin University
Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
January 31, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 20, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
December 20, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 20, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
January 6, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 6, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 20, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • ÇankırıKU

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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