Immune Regulation in Patients With Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Related Syndromes

Studies of Immune Regulation in Patients With Common Variable Immunodeficiency and Related Humoral Immunodeficiency Syndromes

This study will explore the cause of immunodeficiency in common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) and other related immunodeficiency syndromes-IgA deficiency, hyper IgM syndrome, thymoma and agammaglobulinemia, hypogammaglobulinemia associated with Epstein-Barr infection, and others to better focus on how to correct the underlying defect.

Patients with CVI and their family members may participate in this study. Family members must be between the ages of 18 and 85, in good health and weigh at least 110 pounds.

Patients will receive standard medical care for their illness. Procedures may include a medical history and physical examination, routine blood tests, stool examination for infectious agents, lung function tests, chest and sinus X-rays. Treatment may include administration of immune serum globulin, antibiotics for infections, and anti-inflammatory drugs, if needed. In addition, patients may undergo the following:

• Lymphapheresis: This procedure is done to collect large numbers of white blood cells (lymphocytes). Blood is collected through a needle in an arm vein, similar to donating blood. The blood is separated it into its components by centrifugation (spinning), the white cells are removed, and the rest of the blood (red cells, plasma and platelets) is returned to the body, either through the same needle or through another needle in the other arm.
• Blood draw: Blood may be drawn through a needle in an arm vein (venipuncture). No more than 450 milliliters (15 ounces) of blood will be collected over a 6-week period from adults, and no more than 7 ml (1 1/2 teaspoons) per kilogram (2.2 pounds) of body weight in children over the same time period.
• Lymph node biopsies: Lymph node biopsies will be done only if required for diagnostic purposes. Some of the biopsy tissue may be kept for research. Up to two lymph nodes may be removed during each procedure. For the procedure, a painkiller is injected into and beneath the skin in the biopsy area, and the node is removed surgically. The incision is closed using dissolving sutures (stitches) that do not require removal. The biopsy takes about 30 minutes. Patients will be hospitalized at least overnight for observation.
• Intestinal biopsies: Endoscopy and gastrointestinal biopsy will be done only if there is evidence of malabsorption. Some of the biopsy tissue may be kept for research. Patients are pre-medicated to allay anxiety, but are fully conscious during the procedure. A flexible tube is inserted into the stomach or small intestine through the mouth. The tube allows the doctor to see the intestinal mucosa and to project the image onto a TV screen. At various places in the mucosal surface, small pieces of tissue are plucked out using a small space at the tip of the endoscope. The procedure takes 30 to 60 minutes.

Some of the blood collected may be used for genetic tests. Some blood and tissue samples may be stored for future research labeled with a code, such as a number, that only the study team can link to the patient.

Participating family members will provide a medical history, and their pulse, blood pressure and temperature will be taken. They will have 10 to 120 ml (1/3 to 4 ounces) of blood drawn from a vein in the arm. Blood samples may be taken on repeated occasions as long as the relative remains in the study. The blood will be used for research that may involve development of diagnostic tests for CVI, evaluation of the structure and function of normal blood cells for comparison with those of patients with CVI, and studies to try to determine possible genetic factors involved in susceptibility to CVI.

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Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: CVID; XLA

Detailed Description

The purpose of this protocol is to carry out laboratory studies concerning the immunopathogenesis of Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVI) and related primary humoral immunodeficiency diseases. Additionally, we aim to document and track the progression of known complications of this primary immunodeficiency. Complications associated with CVID include recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal bacterial infections, pulmonary insufficiency, nodular regenerative hyperplasia, lymphoid malignancy, and various autoimmune manifestations.

Patients with CVI and related B-Cell immunodeficiencies will be enrolled into this natural history study. Protocol procedures will include baseline measurements of and changes in lab studies. First- or second-degree genetically related family members (limited to mother, father, siblings, grandparents, children, aunts, uncles, and first cousins of an affected patient) may also be screened for clinical, in vitro, and genetic correlates of immune abnormalities. Changes in the patients clinical state will be measured to determine the precursors of disease complications. This may lead to developments in improving preventive measures and novel treatment options for this population.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 500

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Kimberly L Montgomery-Recht, R.N.; Phone Number: (301) 827-0038; Email: kim.montgomery-recht@nih.gov
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Warren Strober, M.D.; Phone Number: (301) 496-6810; Email: wstrober@niaid.nih.gov

Study Locations

• United States
  • Maryland
    • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
      • Recruiting
      • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 2 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

General population - MD referred or self-referred

Description

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:
• Must have a verifiable diagnosis of common variable immune deficiency as defined by a decrease both in IgG and at least one other Ig isotype to below two standard deviations of normal control levels OR B-cell immunodeficiencies related to CVI (defined as selective IgA deficiency, hyper IgM syndrome, thymoma and agammaglobulinemia, and hypogammaglobulinemia associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection), or hypogammaglobulinemia associated with other related immunodeficiencies
• Must be 2 years old or greater.
• Patients with repeated infections and suspected of having an immunodeficiency syndrome.
• Patients must have a primary medical care provider as a criterion for inclusion into this study.
• On investigator s discretion, unaffected family members (mother, father, siblings, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and first cousins) may be asked for the provision of blood or buccal specimens for research purposes.
• Patients who are lactating, may be eligible and will only undergo tests and procedures, and/or receive medications for which data exists that proves that they are minimal risk to the child.
• Pregnant women will not be newly enrolled onto this protocol, however existing patients who become pregnant while on study will remain on study, as literature about pregnancy in CVID patients is sparse and outside providers have minimal knowledge about managing CVID during pregnancy. Pregnant women will only undergo tests and procedures, and/or receive medications for which data exists that proves that they are minimal risk to the fetus. Pregnant unaffected relatives will not be enrolled in this study).
• All patients must be willing to have research samples stored for future studies and/or other research purposes.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Presence of other medical illnesses that would preclude individuals from undergoing routine diagnostic testing or testing for immunologic features of immunodeficiency.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
General Population; MD referred or self-referred

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Characterization of immune abnormalities	To characterize the physiologic, biochemical or genetic basis of theabnormality of immunity.	Ongoing
Evaluation of organ dysfunction/damage resulting from immune abnormality	To establish the extent of organ involvement (infection and/or inflammation) and organ damage or dysfunction resulting from the abnormality of immune function.	ongoing
Establish pattern/pace of disease process	To establish the pattern and pace of change of disease (frequency, distribution, type and extent of infections, inflammatory lesions andabnormalities of immune function).	at 1 year and ongoing

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Assess ability to participate in other studies	To assess the patient's ability to safely tolerate specific aspects of other diagnostic or therapeutic research protocols.	ongoing
Determine eligibility for other studies	To determine a patient's eligibility for other studies.	ongoing
Establish baseline of pattern/pace of disease process before participating in therapeutic trials	To establish a baseline assessment of the pace and extent of the disease before entering a therapeutic clinical trial.	ongoing

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Warren Strober, M.D., National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Jaffe JS, Eisenstein E, Sneller MC, Strober W. T-cell abnormalities in common variable immunodeficiency. Pediatr Res. 1993 Jan;33(1 Suppl):S24-7; discussion S27-8. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199305001-00128.
• Mannon PJ, Fuss IJ, Dill S, Friend J, Groden C, Hornung R, Yang Z, Yi C, Quezado M, Brown M, Strober W. Excess IL-12 but not IL-23 accompanies the inflammatory bowel disease associated with common variable immunodeficiency. Gastroenterology. 2006 Sep;131(3):748-56. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.06.022.
• Cunningham-Rundles C. Autoimmune manifestations in common variable immunodeficiency. J Clin Immunol. 2008 May;28 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S42-5. doi: 10.1007/s10875-008-9182-7. Epub 2008 Mar 6.

Helpful Links

• NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 15, 1990

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 3, 1999
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 3, 1999
• First Posted (Estimated): November 4, 1999

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): April 17, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 16, 2024
• Last Verified: July 24, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Natural History; Agammaglobulinemia; CVID; XLA; Humoral Immunodeficiency
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Common Variable Immunodeficiency
• Other Study ID Numbers: 890158; 89-I-0158

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No