Diet and PSA Levels in Patients With Prostate Cancer

The Effect of a Low Fat Diet, High in Soy, Fruits, Vegetables, Green Tea, Vitamin E and Fiber on the PSA in Patients With Prostate Cancer

RATIONALE: The amount of fat, fiber, soy, fruits, vegetables, vitamin E, and green tea in the diet may affect androgen metabolism in men. This may affect PSA level in patients with prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of two diets, differing in fat, fiber, soy, fruit, vegetable, vitamin E, and green tea content, in affecting PSA level in patients with prostate cancer.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Prostate Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: vitamin E; Dietary supplement: green tea; Dietary supplement: soy protein isolate

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVES: I. Determine the effects of 2 dietary regimens on levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in patients with prostate cancer. II. Determine the compliance of these patients with the dietary regimen. III. Evaluate the effects of the dietary regimen on quality of life in these patients. IV. Evaluate the effects of the dietary regimen on PSA anxiety in these patients. V. Evaluate the effects of the dietary regimen on obesity, high blood pressure, and serum cholesterol in these patients.

OUTLINE: This is a randomized study. Patients are stratified according to previous treatment (prostatectomy vs radiotherapy) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level (less than 5 mg/mL vs 5 or greater mg/mL). All patients complete quality of life, dietary, and other questionnaires before, during, and at the conclusion of the study. Patients are randomized to one of two dietary intervention regimens: Arm I (Intensive Nutritional Intervention): Patients are assigned to follow a low fat, high fiber diet that is also high in soy, fruits and vegetables, green tea, and vitamin E. Patients meet with a nutritionist for nutrition education and dietary counseling weekly for 8 weeks, then every 2 weeks for 2 months, and then monthly for 14 months. Sessions include dietary counseling, meal planning, and instruction in skills necessary to maintain dietary lifestyle changes. Patients record their dietary intake on a regular basis. Arm II (General Nutritional Instruction): Patients are assigned to follow dietary guidelines established by the National Cancer Institute. Patients meet with a nutritionist for dietary counseling and monitoring every 2 months for 18 months. Patients on both arms have PSA levels tested before the study, 1 and 3 months into the study, and then every 3 months thereafter for up to 18 months.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 154 patients will be accrued for this study over 2 years.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 154
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10021
      • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS: Histologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate with either: Two increases in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels with a minimal 30% increase in range of values following either prostate surgery (prostatectomy) or radiation therapy

PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS: Age: 18 and over Performance status: Karnofsky 70-100% Life expectancy: At least 6 months Hematopoietic: WBC greater than 3,500/mm3 Platelet count greater than 100,000/mm3 Hepatic: Bilirubin less than 2.0 mg/dL OR SGOT less than 3 times upper limit of normal (ULN) Renal: Creatinine less than 2.0 mg/dL OR Creatinine clearance greater than 40 mL/min Cardiovascular: No significant heart disease (New York Heart Association class III or IV) Pulmonary: No severe debilitating pulmonary disease Other: No narcotic dependent pain No extreme dietary patterns (such as a macrobiotic diet) No baseline diet having fewer than 25% calories from fat No history of second malignancy within past 5 years except nonmelanomatous skin cancer No insulin-dependent diabetes No infection requiring antibiotics

PRIOR CONCURRENT THERAPY: Biologic therapy: Not specified Chemotherapy: Not specified Endocrine therapy: At least 4 weeks since hormone therapy Radiotherapy: At least 4 weeks since radiotherapy Surgery: Prior prostatectomy allowed Other: Recovered from toxic effects of any prior therapy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Study Chair: Moshe Shike, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: April 1, 1998
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2002
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2002

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 1, 1999
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 6, 2004
• First Posted (Estimate): February 9, 2004

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): June 26, 2013
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 24, 2013
• Last Verified: June 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: stage III prostate cancer; stage IV prostate cancer; recurrent prostate cancer; adenocarcinoma of the prostate; stage I prostate cancer; stage IIB prostate cancer; stage IIA prostate cancer
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Protective Agents; Micronutrients; Vitamins; Antioxidants; Vitamin E
• Other Study ID Numbers: 98-014; CDR0000066354 (Registry Identifier: PDQ (Physician Data Query)); NCI-G98-1445