Temozolomide or Selumetinib in Treating Patients With Metastatic Melanoma of the Eye

Randomized Phase II Trial of Temozolomide Versus Hyd-Sulfate AZD6244 [NSC 748727] in Patients With Metastatic Uveal Melanoma

This randomized phase II trial studies temozolomide to see how well it works compared to selumetinib in treating patients with melanoma of the eye that has spread to other places in the body. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as temozolomide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Selumetinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. It is not yet known whether temozolomide is more effective than selumetinib in treating melanoma of the eye.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Iris Melanoma; Stage IV Uveal Melanoma; Medium/Large Size Posterior Uveal Melanoma; Recurrent Uveal Melanoma; Ocular Melanoma With Extraocular Extension; Small Size Posterior Uveal Melanoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Drug: Dacarbazine; Drug: Temozolomide; Drug: Selumetinib

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To assess the progression-free survival (PFS) in three separate patient populations with uveal melanoma: Patients on COHORT 1 (guanine nucleotide binding protein [G protein], q polypeptide [Gnaq]/G protein, alpha 11 [Gna11] mutant uveal melanoma; temozolomide [TMZ]/dacarbazine [DTIC] naive) treated with AZD6244 (selumetinib) or TMZ (or DTIC); patients on both COHORT 1 and COHORT 2 (Gnaq/Gna11 mutant and Gnaq/Gna11 wild-type uveal melanoma; TMZ/DTIC naive) treated with AZD6244 or TMZ (or DTIC); and patients on COHORT 3 (Gnaq/Gna11 mutant or wild-type uveal melanoma; previously treated with TMZ/DTIC) treated with AZD6244.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. Overall survival (OS). II. Overall response rate (RR). III. To determine the tolerability of AZD6244 in patients with advanced uveal melanoma.

IV. To correlate PFS, OS, and overall RR with Gnaq and Gna11 mutational status.

TERTIARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To correlate clinical outcome with baseline phosphorylated (p)-extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), p-v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1 (AKT), and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) expression by immunohistochemistry.

II. To correlate clinical outcome with changes in p-ERK, p-AKT, and PTEN expression by immunohistochemistry.

III. To correlate clinical outcome with changes in Ki67 and cleaved caspase 3. IV. To explore the overall quality of life (QoL) of the treatment groups as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Melanoma (FACT-M) questionnaire.

V. To explore the radiographic effects of treatment with AZD6244 as assessed by 18F fluorothymidine (FLT)-positron emission tomography (PET) imaging.

OUTLINE: Patients in groups 1 and 2 are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms. Patients in group 3 are assigned to arm II.

ARM I: Patients receive temozolomide orally (PO) once daily (QD) on days 1-5. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients who are unable to be treated with temozolomide may be treated with dacarbazine intravenously (IV) every 3 weeks (with approval from the Principal Investigator). Patients who experience disease progression may crossover to arm II.

ARM II: Patients receive selumetinib PO twice daily (BID) on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 120
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2M9
      • University Health Network-Princess Margaret Hospital
• United States
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
      • University of Colorado Cancer Center - Anschutz Cancer Pavilion
  • Florida
    • Miami Beach, Florida, United States, 33140
      • Mount Sinai Medical Center
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33612
      • Moffitt Cancer Center
  • Georgia
    • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30322
      • Emory University/Winship Cancer Institute
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
      • University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
  • Iowa
    • Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
      • University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
  • Michigan
    • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
      • University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center
    • Detroit, Michigan, United States, 48201
      • Wayne State University/Karmanos Cancer Institute
  • Minnesota
    • Burnsville, Minnesota, United States, 55337
      • Fairview Ridges Hospital
    • Coon Rapids, Minnesota, United States, 55433
      • Mercy Hospital
    • Edina, Minnesota, United States, 55435
      • Fairview-Southdale Hospital
    • Fridley, Minnesota, United States, 55432
      • Unity Hospital
    • Hutchinson, Minnesota, United States, 55350
      • Hutchinson Area Health Care
    • Maplewood, Minnesota, United States, 55109
      • Saint John's Hospital - Healtheast
    • Maplewood, Minnesota, United States, 55109
      • Minnesota Oncology Hematology PA-Maplewood
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55415
      • Hennepin County Medical Center
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55407
      • Abbott-Northwestern Hospital
    • Robbinsdale, Minnesota, United States, 55422
      • North Memorial Medical Health Center
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
      • Mayo Clinic
    • Saint Louis Park, Minnesota, United States, 55416
      • Park Nicollet Clinic - Saint Louis Park
    • Saint Louis Park, Minnesota, United States, 55416
      • Metro Minnesota Community Oncology Research Consortium
    • Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, 55101
      • Regions Hospital
    • Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, 55102
      • United Hospital
    • Shakopee, Minnesota, United States, 55379
      • Saint Francis Regional Medical Center
    • Waconia, Minnesota, United States, 55387
      • Ridgeview Medical Center
    • Woodbury, Minnesota, United States, 55125
      • Minnesota Oncology and Hematology PA-Woodbury
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
      • Washington University School of Medicine
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10065
      • Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19107
      • Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
  • Tennessee
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37232
      • Vanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center
  • Wisconsin
    • Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53792
      • University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics
    • Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, 53226
      • Wisconsin Clinical Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must have metastatic histologically or cytologically confirmed uveal melanoma; if histologic or cytologic confirmation of the primary is not available, confirmation of the primary diagnosis of uveal melanoma by the treating investigator can be clinically obtained, as per standard practice for uveal melanoma; pathologic confirmation of diagnosis will be performed at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) or at a participating site
• Patients must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded) as >= 20 mm with conventional techniques or as >= 10 mm with spiral computed tomography (CT) scan
• Life expectancy of greater than 3 months
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1
• Leukocytes >= 3,000/mcL
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/mcL
• Platelets >= 100,000/mcL
• Hemoglobin >= 9.0 g/dL (not requiring transfusions within the past 2 weeks)
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 times upper limit of normal; note: patients with hyperbilirubinemia clinically consistent with an inherited disorder of bilirubin metabolism (e.g., Gilbert syndrome) will be eligible at the discretion of the treating physician and/or the principal investigator
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 times upper limit of normal for patients with no concurrent liver metastases
• AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) =< 5 X institutional ULN for patients with concurrent liver metastases
• Creatinine =< 1.5 mg/dL
• Tumor Gnaq and Gna11 status must be determined on all patients using a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA) approved assay; if initial CLIA testing is performed locally, patients must consent to provide a tumor block or unstained slides to MSKCC for central review of Gnaq and Gna11 status; this central review may be performed retrospectively and will not delay patient treatment on study
• Patients must agree to provide all imaging studies for central radiology review; this central radiology review may be performed retrospectively and will not be utilized for decision making for patients on study
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

• Eligibility for enrollment in each cohort is dependent upon tumor Gnaq/Gna11 status and prior therapy as follows:

  • Cohort 1: no prior TMZ or DTIC; mutant Gnaq/Gna11 status
  • Cohort 2: no prior TMZ or DTIC; wild-type Gnaq/Gna11 status
  • Cohort 3: received prior TMZ or DTIC; mutant or wild-type Gnaq/Gna11 status
• Every effort must be made to avoid administration of drugs that are inhibitors or inducers of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) and CYP3A4

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients may have had any number of prior therapies, but cannot have previously been treated with a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor; at least 3 weeks must have elapsed since the last dose of systemic therapy; at least 6 weeks must have elapsed if the last regimen included carmustine (BCNU), mitomycin C or an anti-CTLA4 antibody; patients must have experienced disease progression on their prior therapy in the opinion of the treating investigator
• Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents
• Patients with active or untreated brain metastases; treated brain metastases must have been stable for at least 2 months
• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to TMZ or DTIC or AZD6244
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection or bleeding, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, unstable cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements
• Pregnant women are excluded from this study; breast-feeding should be discontinued if the mother is treated with AZD6244
• Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation; women of child-bearing potential must have a negative pregnancy test prior to entry; should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately; please note that the AZD6244 manufacturer recommends that adequate contraception for male patients should be used for 16 weeks post-last dose due to sperm life cycle
• Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients on combination antiretroviral therapy are ineligible; patients with compensated HIV, with adequate cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T-cell counts, and not requiring antiretroviral medication will be allowed
• Patients taking vitamin E supplements while on study
• No concomitant anti-cancer chemotherapy or other systemic drugs; palliative radiation therapy will be allowed as long as the patient meets all other eligibility criteria
• Refractory nausea and vomiting, chronic gastrointestinal diseases (e.g. inflammatory bowel disease), or significant bowel resection that would preclude adequate absorption
• Patients with corrected QT (QTc) interval > 450 msecs or other factors that increase the risk of QTc prolongation or arrhythmic events (e.g., heart failure, hypokalemia, family history of long QT interval syndrome) including heart failure that meets New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III and IV definitions are excluded
• Every effort must be made to avoid the use of a concomitant medication that can prolong the QTc interval while receiving AZD6244; if the patient cannot discontinue medications that prolong the QTc interval while receiving AZD6244, close cardiac monitoring should be performed

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Arm I (temozolomide); Patients receive temozolomide PO QD on days 1-5. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients who are unable to be treated with temozolomide may be treated with dacarbazine IV every 3 weeks (with approval from the Principal Investigator). Patients who experience disease progression may crossover to arm II.	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Ancillary studies; Other Names: Quality of Life Assessment; Drug: Dacarbazine; Given IV; Other Names: 4-(Dimethyltriazeno)imidazole-5-carboxamide; 5-(Dimethyltriazeno)imidazole-4-carboxamide; Asercit; Biocarbazine; Dacarbazina; Dacarbazina Almirall; Dacarbazine - DTIC; Dacatic; Dakarbazin; Deticene; Detimedac; DIC; Dimethyl (triazeno) imidazolecarboxamide; Dimethyl Triazeno Imidazol Carboxamide; Dimethyl Triazeno Imidazole Carboxamide; dimethyl-triazeno-imidazole carboxamide; Dimethyl-triazeno-imidazole-carboximide; DTIC; DTIC-Dome; Fauldetic; Imidazole Carboxamide; Imidazole Carboxamide Dimethyltriazeno; WR-139007; Drug: Temozolomide; Given PO; Other Names: Temodar; SCH 52365; Temodal; Temcad; Methazolastone; RP-46161; Temomedac; CCRG-81045; Imidazo[5,1-d]-1,2,3,5-tetrazine-8-carboxamide, 3, 4-dihydro-3-methyl-4-oxo-; M & B 39831; M and B 39831
Experimental: Arm II (selumetinib); Patients receive selumetinib PO BID on days 1-28. Courses repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.	Other: Laboratory Biomarker Analysis; Correlative studies; Other: Quality-of-Life Assessment; Ancillary studies; Other Names: Quality of Life Assessment; Drug: Selumetinib; Given PO; Other Names: AZD6244; ARRY-142886; MEK Inhibitor AZD6244

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Progression-free Survival (PFS) (Evaluable Randomized Patients)	The primary analysis will be performed among the Gnaq/Gna11 mutant patients. A stratified logrank test will be performed stratified by mutation status, M stage, and number of prior systemic therapies for metastatic disease. Due to the potential for a large number of strata and small strata sizes, the standard asymptotic stratified logrank test will be verified for robustness utilizing a permutation reference distribution.	The time from randomization to the earlier date of objective disease progression per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria or death due to any cause in the absence of progression, assessed up to 5 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Median Overall Survival (Evaluable Randomized Patients)	The primary analysis will be performed among the Gnaq/Gna11 mutant patients. A stratified logrank test will be performed stratified by mutation status, M stage, and number of prior systemic therapies for metastatic disease. Due to the potential for a large number of strata and small strata sizes, the standard asymptotic stratified logrank test will be verified for robustness utilizing a permutation reference distribution.	The time from randomization to death due to any cause, assessed up to 5 years

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Objective Disease Progression	per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria or death due to any cause in the absence of progression	assessed up to 5 years
Overall Survival	The primary analysis will be performed among the Gnaq/Gna11 mutant patients. A stratified logrank test will be performed stratified by mutation status, M stage, and number of prior systemic therapies for metastatic disease. Due to the potential for a large number of strata and small strata sizes, the standard asymptotic stratified logrank test will be verified for robustness utilizing a permutation reference distribution.	The time from randomization to death due to any cause, assessed up to 5 years
Response Rate (Complete and Partial Response)	Calculated along with a 95% confidence interval.	Up to 5 years
Toxicity According to the National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria	Toxicity will be reported by type, frequency, and severity. Please see adverse events.	Up to 5 years
PFS (Group 3)	Evaluated using a Simon mini-max design. Curves will be generated using Kaplan-Meier methodology.	4 months
Apoptosis in the Paired Samples, Performed by Caspase 3 Cleavage	Changes will be assessed by a Wilcoxon test	Up to 5 years
Change in Ki67	Correlated with disease status using Fishers exact test.	Baseline up to 4 months
Change in p-AKT	Correlated with disease status using Fishers exact test.	Baseline up to 4 months
Change in p-ERK	Decrease in p-ERK will be correlated with disease status using Fishers exact test.	Baseline up to 4 months
Change in PTEN	Correlated with disease status using Fishers exact test.	Baseline up to 4 months
Changes in Maximum Standardized Uptake Value on FLT-PET Scans	A paired student's t-test will be performed. Analysis of variance will also be performed to obtain the significance of FLT-PET uptake on each lesion between patients.	Baseline up to 60 minutes post injection
FACT-M Total Score	Summarized using descriptive statistics for each assessment time and by treatment group. The scores will be compared between treatment groups using a mixed effect model for repeated measures analysis method. Treatment difference will be estimated from the model for each assessment time.	Up to 5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Paul Chapman, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Atkinson TM, Hay JL, Shoushtari A, Li Y, Paucar DJ, Smith SC, Kudchadkar RR, Doyle A, Sosman JA, Quevedo JF, Milhem MM, Joshua AM, Linette GP, Gajewski TF, Lutzky J, Lawson DH, Lao CD, Flynn PJ, Albertini MR, Sato T, Lewis K, Marr B, Abramson DH, Dickson MA, Schwartz GK, Carvajal RD. Relationship between physician-adjudicated adverse events and patient-reported health-related quality of life in a phase II clinical trial (NCT01143402) of patients with metastatic uveal melanoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2017 Mar;143(3):439-445. doi: 10.1007/s00432-016-2318-x. Epub 2016 Dec 5.
• Carvajal RD, Sosman JA, Quevedo JF, Milhem MM, Joshua AM, Kudchadkar RR, Linette GP, Gajewski TF, Lutzky J, Lawson DH, Lao CD, Flynn PJ, Albertini MR, Sato T, Lewis K, Doyle A, Ancell K, Panageas KS, Bluth M, Hedvat C, Erinjeri J, Ambrosini G, Marr B, Abramson DH, Dickson MA, Wolchok JD, Chapman PB, Schwartz GK. Effect of selumetinib vs chemotherapy on progression-free survival in uveal melanoma: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Jun 18;311(23):2397-405. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.6096.
• Chen X, Schwartz GK, DeAngelis LM, Kaley T, Carvajal RD. Dropped head syndrome: report of three cases during treatment with a MEK inhibitor. Neurology. 2012 Oct 30;79(18):1929-31. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318271f87e. Epub 2012 Oct 17. No abstract available.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: June 1, 2010
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 11, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 11, 2010
• First Posted (Estimate): June 14, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 26, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 26, 2017
• Last Verified: June 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Eye Diseases; Neuroectodermal Tumors; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue; Uveal Diseases; Neuroendocrine Tumors; Nevi and Melanomas; Eye Neoplasms; Melanoma; Uveal Neoplasms; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Temozolomide; Dacarbazine; Imidazole
• Other Study ID Numbers: NCI-2011-01411 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program)); U01CA132123 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); N01CM00070 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); P30CA008748 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); N01CM00071 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); N01CM00099 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); N01CM62206 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); N01CM00100 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); N01CM62208 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract); CDR0000674866; 10-053 (Other Identifier: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center); 8443 (CTEP)