Energy Expenditure, Sleep and Macronutrients

Energy Expenditure and Sleep in Response to Protein/Carbohydrate and Fat Ratio

The purpose of this study is to determine energy expenditure and sleep in response to protein/carbohydrate and fat ratio of the diet over a short-term and long-term period of time.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Obesity; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Overweight; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Differences in protein content of meals

Detailed Description

The prevalence of obesity has increased worldwide to epidemic proportions. For long-term treatment success permanent lifestyle changes are necessary with regard to approach to food, physical activity patterns and behavior to emotional stress. Moreover, an association has been shown between sleep disturbance and obesity. Weight loss strategies regarding food intake regulation mainly focused on changing patterns of fat and carbohydrate consumption during the last decades. The role of protein has largely been ignored. However, protein has been observed to increase satiety and energy expenditure to a greater extent than carbohydrate and fat and can therefore reduce energy intake. However, it still has to be confirmed if this effect is permanent or transient over a longer period of time. Moreover, dietary intakes may significantly affect sleep when macronutrient intakes are manipulated. Since sleep deprivation has been recognized as a risk factor for obesity, improving sleep by a change in macronutrient intake would be promising in the treatment of obesity.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 40
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Netherlands
  • Maastricht, Netherlands, 6200 MD
    • Recruiting
    • Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM)
    • Contact: Hanne K. Gonnissen, Msc.; Phone Number: +31433884596; Email: hkj.gonnissen@maastrichtuniversity.nl
    • Contact: Eveline A. Martens, Msc.; Phone Number: +31433884596; Email: eap.martens@maastrichtuniversity.nl
    • Principal Investigator: Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga, Prof. dr.

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 35 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• healthy
• age between 18-35 years
• BMI 18-27 kg/m2
• non-smoking
• weight stable (weight change < 3 kg during the last 6 months)
• no sleeping problems
• not using a more than moderate amount of alcohol (> 10 consumptions/wk)
• not using medication or supplements except for oral contraceptives in women

Exclusion Criteria:

• not healthy
• do not meet the criteria for BMI and age
• smoking
• not being weight stable
• using medication or supplements except for oral contraceptives in women
• sleeping problems
• using a more than moderate alcohol consumption
• pregnant or lactating
• allergic for the used food items

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Protein intake of 5 energy percent	Dietary supplement: Differences in protein content of meals; Differences in protein content (energy percent) of meals
Experimental: Protein intake of 30 energy percent	Dietary supplement: Differences in protein content of meals; Differences in protein content (energy percent) of meals

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
energy expenditure	48 hours
substrate oxidation	48 hours
sleep	48 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
body composition	48 hours
fat distribution	48 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Maastricht University Medical Center
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga, Prof. dr., Maastricht University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Hursel R, Martens EA, Gonnissen HK, Hamer HM, Senden JM, van Loon LJ, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Prolonged Adaptation to a Low or High Protein Diet Does Not Modulate Basal Muscle Protein Synthesis Rates - A Substudy. PLoS One. 2015 Sep 14;10(9):e0137183. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137183. eCollection 2015.
• Martens EA, Gonnissen HK, Gatta-Cherifi B, Janssens PL, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Maintenance of energy expenditure on high-protein vs. high-carbohydrate diets at a constant body weight may prevent a positive energy balance. Clin Nutr. 2015 Oct;34(5):968-75. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.10.007. Epub 2014 Nov 8.
• Martens EA, Gatta-Cherifi B, Gonnissen HK, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. The potential of a high protein-low carbohydrate diet to preserve intrahepatic triglyceride content in healthy humans. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 16;9(10):e109617. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109617. eCollection 2014.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 1, 2012
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): December 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 14, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 7, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): March 12, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): May 3, 2013
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 2, 2013
• Last Verified: May 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Energy expenditure; Sleep; Protein; Carbohydrate
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Overweight; Body Weight; Nutrition Disorders; Overnutrition
• Other Study ID Numbers: NL39152