Effect of Different Fiber Breakfasts on Appetite and Weight Change in Overweight Subjects

The Effect of Ingesting Breakfasts Varying in Fiber on Appetite and Weight Change in Overweight Subjects

Regular breakfast consumption may help lower body weight reduce body fatness and improve cardiovascular disease risk factors. However, the best kind of breakfast to consume to achieve these effects is unclear. We hypothesized that a high fiber breakfast would suppress appetite, lower body weight and improve cardiovascular disease risk factors compared with a no-fiber breakfast.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Oatmeal; Dietary supplement: Frosted Flakes; Dietary supplement: No Breakfast

Detailed Description

Participants will report to the hospital cafeteria between 0800 and 0900h following an overnight fast every weekday for 4 consecutive weeks. On arrival, participants will be provided will the allocated breakfast and will be given 15 min to consume all the foods provided. The oatmeal breakfast will consist of 80g dry oatmeal (Quaker Quick Oats) prepared with 120mL fat-free milk and 230mL water. The frosted flakes breakfast will consist of 62g frosted flakes and 160mL whole milk and 190mL water served on the side. The No-breakfast (control) will consist of only 350mL plain water. All participants will also receive 200mL decaffeinated coffee with 12mL non-dairy creamer and 1g packet of non-caloric sweetener. On Friday of each week participants will be provided with two portions of the breakfasts to take home at consume on the weekend days. On the first day of the intervention and weekly thereafter participants will complete 3hr subjective appetite ratings responses to the breakfast. Laboratory assessments including body weight, composition, blood pressure and a fasting blood sample will be collected before the start of the intervention and at the end of the intervention.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 36
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI >27kg/m2
• Weight stable (<5% weight change in past 3 months)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smokers
• Regular use of medications
• Currently undertaking a weight-loss or exercise program
• Females who are pregnant or lactating

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Oatmeal Breakfast; Participants will consume oatmeal breakfast daily for 4 weeks	Dietary supplement: Oatmeal; A breakfast consisting of oatmeal; Other Names: Quaker Quick Oats
Experimental: Frosted Flakes; Participants will consume a frosted flakes breakfast daily for 4-weeks	Dietary supplement: Frosted Flakes; A breakfast consisting of Frosted Flakes and milk; Other Names: Kelloggs Frosted Flakes
Placebo Comparator: No Breakfast; Participants will consume no breakfast for a 4-week period	Dietary supplement: No Breakfast; A breakfast consisting of plain water

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in body weight	Body weight will be measured at baseline and following 4-week breakfast intervention	Change in body weight over 4 week intervention

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Subjective appetite	Ratings of hunger and Fullness will be collected on a 6 point rating scale with 0 labelled not at all, 40 moderately, 60 quite, 80 very and 100 extremely.	Appetite ratings in response to breakfast will be collected for 3hs on the first day of the study and after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks of the intervention
Change in plasma metabolic risk factors	A fasting blood sample will be collected and analyzed for glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, leptin and cholesterol	At baseline and following 4-week intervention
Resting Energy Expenditure	Resting energy expenditure measurements will be collected whilst subjects are fasting, resting in a semi-supine position under thermoneutral conditions with a ventilated hood and metabolic cart.	Resting energy expenditure will be measured at baseline and following the 4 week intervention

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Blood pressure	Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured at baseline and following 4-week intervention	At baseline and following 4-week intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: New York Obesity and Nutrition Research Center
• Collaborators: PepsiCo Global R&D
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Allan Geliebter, PhD, New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 1, 1998
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2000
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2002

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 8, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 10, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): January 14, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): January 14, 2014
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 10, 2014
• Last Verified: January 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: appetite; breakfast; cholesterol; oatmeal
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Body Weight; Overweight; Body Weight Changes
• Other Study ID Numbers: 98-022