Effects of Music Listening on Pain and Patient Satisfaction Within First 48 Hours After Knee Replacment Surgery

Effects of Music Listening on Pain and Patient Satisfaction Within First 48 Hours of Knee Replacement Surgery

The aim of the present study is to determine if the use of music as an intervention can be utilized, in conjunction with normal pharmacological treatment, in decreasing pain and increasing patient satisfaction, in male and female total knee replacement patients, from the age of 50 and 70, during the first 48 postoperative hours after surgery. It is the hope that this study can add to current research addressing the pain relief needs of orthopedic patients following total knee replacement surgery using music listening as an adjuvant therapy.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Adjunctive Music Therapy in Total Knee Replacement
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Music therapy

Detailed Description

Each participant will be randomized into two different groups: the intervention group that will receive music listening along with the standard of care, or the control group, which will receive the standard of care only. Each individual will ambulate twice daily after surgery, and the intervention group will listen to music, with an MP3 player, for 30 minutes before and after each ambulation. Both groups will fill out a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain before and after ambulation, and at the end of the study participants in the intervention group will fill out a 9-item questionnaire to determine patient satisfaction from music listening. Each subject will be assigned an ID#, and asked what type of music they would like to listen to if assigned to the intervention group.

Randomization will be done using a random table of numbers with enough numbers to randomize the ten participants and any individuals that may decide to withdraw from the study. If the participant will be included in the intervention group then the MP3 player will be shown to the participant and instruction given on proper usage. A laminated card with instructions will be included to reinforce instruction. The MP3 player, along with the instructions and VAS forms, will be kept in a colored clipboard by the participant's bedside, easily accessible for listening and documentation. If the participant is not in the study they will be told that they will still be receiving the standard of care, and it will be important to be in study either way so that the information between groups can be compared. Each participant in the study will be told whether they will be in the intervention or control group in the pre-op holding area day of surgery. Those in the intervention group will then be instructed in the proper use of the MP3 player and how to fill out the VAS for pain form. This instruction will be repeated again prior to the patient's first ambulation on post-op day one.

The intervention group will receive music for 30 minutes before and after ambulation on post-op days 1 and 2. This will be contingent on when the participant had surgery the day prior and when they are ready and able to begin ambulating. Participants in the intervention group will do a VAS prior to listening to music and then afterward while those in the control group will do a VAS prior to and after each ambulation. Participants will be ambulating twice a day, in the AM and PM so the intervention will be given twice a day. Both groups will receive the standard of care for pain control, which will be established by the surgeon and implemented by nursing. Finally, the patient satisfaction questionnaire will be given to participants in the intervention group to be filled out prior to discharge.

Nursing and physical therapy will be educated on the research process, intervention, and related forms. This will include the proper way of turning the device on and off, how to adjust the volume, ways of choosing different types of music from the various playlists available, and how to charge or change the batteries. Instruction will be given in when and for how long the device should be used. In addition, nursing will be educated on proper use of the VAS form and patient satisfaction questionnaire.

The intervention is estimated to take two and a half hours, over the first two post operative days, for setting up, listening to, and break down of the MP3 player, as well as 30 minutes to fill out two VAS forms and the patient satisfaction form, for a total of three hours. For those participants in the control group, total time will be approximately 30 minutes to fill out the two VAS forms over the same time period. The staff researcher will be available during this time period to aid in proper use of the MP3 player and in filling out the VAS and patient satisfaction forms so as to minimize time nursing and physical therapy would otherwise need to be involved with the intervention and filling out of forms.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 10
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354
      • Loma Linda University Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 50 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Study participants will consist of a convenient sample of male and female, multicultural, adult patients between 50 and 70 years of age, without obvious hearing impairment, medically cleared, and scheduled for knee replacement surgery.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Non-English speaking and/or individuals with hearing impairment will be excluded.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Standard of Care; Subjects will receive standard post-operative care after total knee replacment surgery
Experimental: Music Therapy; Subjects will receive music therapy in addition to standard post-operative therapy.	Other: Music therapy; This will include 30 minutes before and after ambulation on post-op days 1 and 2. This will be contingent on when the participant had surgery the day prior and when they are ready and able to begin ambulating. Participants in the intervention group will do a VAS prior to listening to music and then afterward while those in the control group will do a VAS prior to and after each ambulation. Participants will be ambulating twice a day, in the AM and PM so the intervention will be given twice a day.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pain perception level reduction	The use of music will result in a reduction of the subject's perceived pain level.	48 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Subject anxiety level reduction	The use of music will result in a reduction in subject levels of anxeity	48 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Loma Linda University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: February 1, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): October 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 15, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 15, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): January 17, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): December 20, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 19, 2016
• Last Verified: December 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: music; total knee replacement; Pain management
• Other Study ID Numbers: 5130342 (Other Identifier: Loma Linda University)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: no plan to share data

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No