Sitagliptin Therapy and Kinetics of Inflammatory Markers

EFFECTS OF SITAGLIPTIN THERAPY ON THE KINETICS OF MARKERS OF LOW-GRADE INFLAMMATION AND CELL ADHESION MOLECULES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES

Inflammatory processes are increasingly being recognized as a critical step in the pathogenesis of both diabetes and heart disease and may constitute a biological link between the two diseases. Inflammatory cytokines increase vascular permeability, change vasoregulatory responses, increase leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, and facilitate thrombus formation by inducing procoagulant activity, inhibiting anticoagulant pathways, and impairing fibrinolysis. Leukocyte adhesion to arterial endothelial cells is thought to be an important step in the development of atherosclerosis, and adhesion molecules, such as intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and L-selectin, play key roles in this process. Therefore, identifying novel therapeutic approaches that would favorably affect inflammation, endothelial function, and glucose is of significant interest. Investigators have recently demonstrated that, relative to placebo, sitagliptin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in plasma levels of various inflammatory markers and cell adhesion molecules. The results also suggest that the beneficial effects of sitagliptin on both inflammation and endothelial function are most likely mediated by an elevation in plasma GLP-1 levels and global improvement of the glucose-insulin homeostasis. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of sitagliptin on these markers remain to be fully elucidated. The proposed study will address this key issue.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Placebo; Drug: Sitagliptin

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 20
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Quebec
    • Quebec City, Quebec, Canada, G1V 0A6
      • Laval University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males 18 to 65 years of age.
• Post-menopausal women under age 65 on stable medical therapy for 6 months before the study (the patient should have demonstrated stable lipid panels)
• Women should not be on hormone replacement therapy (no recent starting or stopping)
• Type 2 diabetes as defined by the American Diabetes Association.
• Non-smoker.
• Body mass index between 25.0 and 40.0 kg/m2.
• Baseline glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between 6.5 and 8.5%.
• Baseline fasting plasma glucose < 15.0 mmol/L.
• Plasma triglyceride levels between 1.5 and 8.0 mmol/L (135 and 710 mg/dl) at screening and week -4.
• Patients having received stable doses of metformin for at least 3 months before randomization.
• Subjects must be willing to give written informed consent and able to adhere to dosing schedule, visit schedule and phone follow-up assessment.
• Patients should be otherwise generally healthy, without elevations in hepatic transaminases or abnormal renal function or coagulation.
• Patients having normal thyroid stimulating hormone at screening

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with extreme dyslipidemias, such as familial hypercholesterolemia will be excluded.
• Patients with type 1 diabetes, secondary form of diabetes or acute metabolic diabetic complications will be excluded.
• Patients having received or being treated with insulin or a thiazolidinedione within the past 6 months will be excluded.
• Patients taking any other hypoglycemic agent, other than metformin.
• Subjects will be excluded if they have cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arterial disease) or if they are taking other medications known to affect lipoprotein metabolism (e.g. steroids, beta blockers, thiazide diuretics, lipid lowering agents, significant alcohol intake etc.).
• Subjects who are in a situation or have any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with optimal participation in the study.
• Individuals with a history of mental instability, drug or alcohol abuse or individuals who have been treated or are being treated for severe psychiatric illness that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with optimal participation in the study.
• History of alcohol or drug abuse within the past 2 years. Patients must not take alcohol during the study.
• Disorders of the hematologic, digestive, or central nervous systems, including cerebrovascular disease and degenerative disease, that would limit study evaluation or participation.
• Known impairment of renal function (serum creatinine levels > 1.7 mg/dL for men), dysproteinemia, nephrotic syndrome, or other renal disease (24-hour urinary protein ≥3 ± 1 g).
• Active or chronic hepatobiliary or hepatic disease. In addition, patients with aspartate aminotransferase or alanine aminotransferase >2 x upper limit of the laboratory reference range will be excluded.
• Subjects with coagulopathy (prothrombin time or partial thromboplastin time at Visit 1 >1.5 times control).
• Subjects with hemoglobin >2 x the lower limit of the laboratory reference range will be excluded.
• Patients who are known to have tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• Patients who are currently enrolled in another clinical study.
• Patients who have used any investigational drug within 30 days of the first clinic visit.
• Congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV. Uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias within 3 months of study entry.
• Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c>8.5%) or other endocrine or metabolic disease known to influence serum lipids or lipoproteins. Clinically euthyroid subjects on replacement doses of thyroid hormone are eligible for enrollment.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Sitagliptin first, then Placebo; Sitagliptin 100 mg/d for 6 weeks Wash-out 14 days Placebo for 6 weeks	Drug: Placebo; Placebo for 6 weeks; Drug: Sitagliptin; Sitagliptin 100 mg/d for 6 weeks; Other Names: Januvia
Placebo Comparator: Placebo first, then Sitagliptin; Placebo for 6 weeks Wash-out 14 days Sitagliptin 100 mg/d for 6 weeks	Drug: Placebo; Placebo for 6 weeks; Drug: Sitagliptin; Sitagliptin 100 mg/d for 6 weeks; Other Names: Januvia

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Measurement of C-reactive Protein Production Rate With Stable Isotope During Postprandial Period	6 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Measurement of Serum Amyloid A Production Rate With Stable Isotope During Postprandial Period	6 weeks
Measurement of L-selectin Production Rate With Stable Isotope During Postprandial Period	6 weeks
Measurement of ICAM-1 Production Rate With Stable Isotope During Postprandial Period	6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Laval University
• Collaborators: Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Patrick Couture, MD, PhD, FRCP, Laval University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 30, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): October 31, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 27, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 28, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): August 31, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 13, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 30, 2020
• Last Verified: April 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: diabetes; inflammation; sitagliptin
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Hypoglycemic Agents; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Protease Inhibitors; Incretins; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; Sitagliptin Phosphate
• Other Study ID Numbers: JANU-INF