CSI-Glucagon for Prevention of Hypoglycemia in Children With Congenital Hyperinsulinism

A Phase 2 Proof-of-Concept Study of CSI-Glucagon™ (Continuous Subcutaneous Glucagon Infusion) to Prevent Hypoglycemia With Lower Intravenous Glucose Infusion Rates in Children up to One Year of Age With Congenital Hyperinsulinism

This is a Phase 2, multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial with open-label follow-up designed to assess the efficacy of Xeris Glucagon delivered as a continuous subcutaneous infusion to prevent hypoglycemia with lower intravenous glucose infusion rates in children < 1 year of age with congenital hyperinsulinism.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Congenital Hyperinsulinism
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Placebo; Drug: Glucagon

Detailed Description

This is a Phase 2, multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind (DB) parallel group study with open-label follow-up designed to evaluate the efficacy of CSI-Glucagon™ for the prevention of hypoglycemia with lower IV glucose infusion rates when delivered subcutaneously to patients up to 1 year of age with congenital hyperinsulinism. CSI-Glucagon™ is expected to provide a better inpatient treatment option compared to the current standard of care.

The study will consist of three phases:

1. Baseline Phase: First is a baseline stabilization phase during which concomitant therapy with octreotide and diazoxide will be safely weaned and continuous enteric feed will be held constant to the degree possible, with the only factors varying being meal size and IV glucose infusion rate (GIR) adjusted by a set plasma glucose measurement driven algorithm.
2. Blinded, Randomized Treatment Phase: Following the stabilization phase, subjects will be randomly assigned to blinded treatment with either glucagon or placebo, which will be delivered for up to 48 hours with an OmniPod® infusion pump with the controller set to a starting basal rate for glucagon of 5 μg/kg/hr and GIR adjustments used to maintain euglycemia. After 48 hours of blinded treatment, all subjects will transition to open-label active treatment. However, if GIR reduction from baseline is < 20% at 24 hours, subjects will be transitioned early to the open-label phase.
3. Open-label Treatment Phase: The third study period will involve use of CSI-Glucagon™ to manage blood glucose with minimal GIR for up to 28 days of cumulative exposure.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 5
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095
      • UCLA Mattel Children's Hospital
    • San Francisco, California, United States, 94143
      • UCSF School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63130
      • Washington University, St. Louis Children's Hospital
  • Texas
    • Fort Worth, Texas, United States, 76104
      • Cook Children's Medical Center
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: No older than 2 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosed with hyperinsulinism:

   a. Biochemical; detectable insulin (i.e., ≥1 µIU/L) at time of hypoglycemia (i.e, blood glucose <50 mg/dl), and/or suppressed free fatty acids (FFA), and/or suppressed beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) and/or glycemic response to glucagon at time of hypoglycemia.

2. Absolute necessity of intravenous glucose to prevent hypoglycemia:

   1. Having failed diazoxide therapy as defined by inadequacy of 5 days maximum dose of diazoxide to eliminate the need for IV glucose, not necessarily that diazoxide has no effect.
   2. May be on diazoxide and/or octreotide, but these drugs will be weaned off prior to randomization.
   3. May be on dextrose feeds.
3. Patient may be a participant in other study protocols such as observational studies, as long as no investigational intervention has taken place within 24 hrs. prior to screening.
4. Less than 12 months of age at screening.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of allergy to glucagon or excipients in the CSI-Glucagon formulation.
2. Currently receiving, or less than 12 hours removed from IV glucagon treatment that resulted in a best achievable GIR > 8 mg/(kg*min), prior to the start of study drug.
3. Diazoxide naïve or within five days of starting diazoxide.
4. Receiving steroids at doses larger than 20 mg/m2/day (hydrocortisone equivalent).
5. Patients with sepsis.
6. Receiving alpha or beta agonists for blood pressure support.
7. Received an investigational or other study drug within 5 half-lives of drug.
8. Body weight less than or equal to 2.3 kg/5.0 lbs.
9. History of pancreatectomy and GIR < 8 mg/(kg*min) after weaning of all concomitant therapies.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: CSI-Glucagon (Double-Blind Phase - 2 days); Glucagon solution delivered as a continuous subcutaneous infusion via a patch pump at a starting dosage of 5 mcg/kg/hr.	Drug: Glucagon; Room-temperature-stable, non-aqueous injectable liquid formulation of synthetic glucagon peptide; Other Names: CSI-Glucagon (continuous subcutaneous glucagon infusion)
Placebo Comparator: Placebo (Double-Blind Phase - 2 days); Vehicle solution delivered as a 24-hour continuous subcutaneous infusion via a patch pump.	Other: Placebo; Isotonic saline
Experimental: CSI-Glucagon (Open-label Phase - Up to 28 days); Glucagon solution delivered as a continuous subcutaneous infusion via a patch pump at a starting dosage of 5 mcg/kg/hr.	Drug: Glucagon; Room-temperature-stable, non-aqueous injectable liquid formulation of synthetic glucagon peptide; Other Names: CSI-Glucagon (continuous subcutaneous glucagon infusion)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Subjects With Clinically Meaningful Reduction in Glucose Infusion Rate (Double-Blind)	Change from baseline in glucose infusion rate (GIR) will be determined for each subject at 24 and 48 hours from the start of blinded treatment. Subjects with a decrease in GIR ≥ 20% at 24 hours, and ≥ 33% at 48 hours will be considered to have had a clinically meaningful treatment response.	Baseline to end of blinded treatment at 24 or 48 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percent Change in GIR (Double-Blind)	The groups will be compared for mean percent change in GIR from baseline to the end of the double-blind study phase.	Baseline to the end of blinded treatment at 24 or 48 hours
Number of Subjects With Clinically Meaningful Reduction in Glucose Infusion Rate (Open-Label)	Change from baseline in glucose infusion rate (GIR) will be determined for each subject at the end of open-label treatment. Subjects with a decrease in GIR ≥ 33% will be considered to have had a clinically meaningful treatment response.	Baseline to the end of open-label treatment at 72 hours
Percent Change in Glucose Infusion Rate (Open-Label)	The groups will be compared for mean percent change in GIR from baseline to the end of the open-label study phase.	Baseline to end of treatment at 72 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Xeris Pharmaceuticals
• Collaborators: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: October 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): October 1, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 14, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 14, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): October 18, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 10, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 25, 2019
• Last Verified: November 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: hypoglycemia
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Pancreatic Diseases; Hypoglycemia; Hyperinsulinism; Congenital Hyperinsulinism; Nesidioblastosis; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Gastrointestinal Agents; Hormones; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Incretins; Glucagon; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
• Other Study ID Numbers: XSGO-CH01; 1R44DK105691-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No