Alleviating Pre-operative Anxiety With Innovative 3D Immersive Virtual Reality (VR-Anxiety)

To construct and evaluate an immersive 3D simulation to familiarize patients with the pre-operative experience, and investigate whether A) immersive 3D virtual reality video can reduce pre-operative anxiety, and B) how this approach compares to current practice of viewing traditional educational videos.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Anxiety; Preoperative Anxiety; Virtual Reality
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: IPAD; Other: VR Goggles

Detailed Description

The prevalence of pre-operative anxiety is estimated as being as high as 80% in surgical populations. Physiologically, this may result in higher cortisol levels, which may slow down the healing and recovery process. A multitude of perioperative clinical trials have revealed that pre-operative anxiety is associated with reduced short-term postoperative recovery, increased pain scores, nause & vomiting, sleep disturbances, surgical wound infections, increased length of stay, and cardiac complications. It has also been linked with worse functional outcomes and quality of life up to one-year after surgery.

Literature looking at factors associated with preoperative anxiety outline a general theme of the fear of the unknown that is distressing. Specifically, the most distressing events seem to be waiting to be collected for surgery, waiting outside the operating room (OR), being transferred to the OR bed and having monitors and oxygen mask applied. These moments prior to surgery are when patients are most likely to continuously ruminate over 'what comes next' and the fact of not knowing - leading to anxiety. One survey of 161 patients presenting for elective surgery inquired about factors that led to being calm prior to their procedure and found that being well informed of the pre-operative process was a critical aspect of anxiety relief. Approaches such as implementation of the pre-anesthetic clinic (PAC) and the use of videos of what to expect leading up to surgery have been implemented to address this issue but have been costly or have had mixed effects.

Virtual reality (VR) technology presents a new educational opportunity for patients in an effort to reduce pre-operative anxiety. Through immersive 3D simulation, patients can experience the journey of being prepped for surgery and transferred to the OR. A patient can learn about their pre-operative experience in a more engaging manner as opposed to passively reading, watching video or being verbally taught about it by the healthcare provider. A patient is educated by having the perception of being physically present in the pre-operative experience days or weeks prior to their OR date.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 100
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M4N3M5
      • Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 80 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• All participants less than 80 years old presenting to the pre-assessment clinic at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
• Planned surgical procedure is 7-14 days after pre-assessment clinic visit

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to provide informed consent
• Unable to complete study assessments (ie: visually impaired)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: PREVENTION
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
PLACEBO_COMPARATOR: Watch video using IPAD; Patient will watch the educational video using an IPAD	Other: IPAD; Patients undergoing surgery will watch the video using an PAD
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Watch video using VR goggles; Patient will watch the educational video using VR goggles	Other: VR Goggles; Patients undergoing surgery will watch the video using goggles

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Change in anxiety levels as measured using VAS score from baseline to the day of surgery inside the OR.	2 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Change in heart rate between patients randomized to IPAD or VR Goggles from baseline to the day of surgery inside the OR.	2 weeks
Change in blood pressure between patients randomized to IPAD or VR Goggles from baseline to the day of surgery inside the OR.	2 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): November 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): March 20, 2017
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): March 20, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 21, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 16, 2016
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): December 20, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): April 6, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 4, 2017
• Last Verified: April 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Anxiety Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: 484-2015

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED