Effects of Exercise Mode on Cardiac Fat and Function

The overall goal of this project is to study the effects of exercise energy expenditure matched vigorous dynamic resistance training and aerobic training on cardiac fat, and its relationship to cardiac function and geometry using cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Resistance training; Other: Aerobic interval training

Detailed Description

Exercise-induced weight-loss is one of the most common strategies for reducing excess fat in overweight and obese individuals. Although vigorous intensity may be more favorable promoting positive cardiac adaptations compared to low-moderate intensity, evidence of the positive effects of different exercise modes needs to be explored to allow for realistic comparisons with other strategies. Research using cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging that compares the effects of different modes of exercise - matched by exercise energy expenditure - on epicardial adipose tissue and paracardial adipose tissue, and how these interventions modify cardiac function and geometry have not been previously explored in obesity.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 18
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • Edwardsville, Illinois, United States, 62026
      • Southern Illinois University of Edwardsville

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 35 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Sedentary
• Caucasian
• BMI >30 kg/m2 and < 39.9 kg/m2

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known cardiovascular, metabolic, pulmonary disease or conditions
• Muscular-skeletal injuries
• Taking medications that affect endocrine or cardiovascular function
• Hypertension
• Being engaged in low intensity strength training more than two times per week or moderate-high intensity of any type of frequency
• Being pregnant
• Cigarette smoking
• Having non-removable pieces or devices incompatible with DXA and CMR assessment.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control group; Participants in the control group will not participate in the training programs.
Experimental: Resistance training group; Resistance training will consist of a supervised circuit training 3 sessions/week for approximately 45-50 min/session. The circuit will include 7 strength exercises engaging the major muscle groups (leg press, rows, back squats, weighted crunches, deadlifts, bench press, and squat jumps with weights). The participants will perform 3 sets of 10 repetitions with resting periods of 30 seconds between exercises, and 2 minutes between sets. The overall OMNI-Resistance Exercise Scale per set will range between 8-10. Heart rate and exercise energy expenditure during the workout will be monitored. The load will be changed depending on the participants' perception when needed. In addition, the intensity will be monitored assessing Lactate concentrations at baseline and at the end of each session. Circuit will be repeated until meeting the targeted exercise energy expenditure of 450-500 kcal/session.	Other: Resistance training; The resistance training group
Experimental: Aerobic interval training group; Aerobic interval will consist of a supervised aerobic interval training sessions 3 times/week. Duration will range between 45-50 min/session depending on the exercise energy expenditure. Each interval will have a total duration of 5 min, and it will be divided into 2 periods. The first period will consist of 3 minutes of high-intensity activity, and the second period the intensity will be reduced for 2 minutes. The speed/incline will be changed depending on the participants' heart rate and perception using the Borg's rating of perceived exertion as needed. Heart rate and exercise energy expenditure during the workout will be monitored. Intensity will be monitored assessing Lactate concentrations at the end of each session. Intervals will be repeated until meeting the targeted exercise energy expenditure (450-500 kcal/session).	Other: Aerobic interval training; The aerobic interval training group

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Changes in Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT)	EAT will be measured using cardiac Magnetic Resonance	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4
Changes in Vascular Health	Atrial stiffness will be measured using a pulse wave analysis	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Changes in Paracardial adipose tissue (PAT)	PAT will be measured using cardiac Magnetic Resonance	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4
Changes in Body Composition	Body composition will be measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4
Changes in Cardiorespiratory Function	Cardiorespiratory Function will be measured on a treadmill with a metabolic cart	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4
Changes in Muscular Strength	Muscular Strength will be assessed by 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test	2 assessment points: at baseline and week 4

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Southern Illinois University Edwardsville
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Maria Fernandez del Valle, PhD, Southern Illinois University of Edwardsville

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 1, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 16, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): March 16, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 26, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 28, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): September 29, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 4, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 27, 2021
• Last Verified: July 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Exercise; Obesity; Cardiac Magnetic Resonance; Vascular Health; Cardiac Fat
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Overweight; Body Weight; Obesity
• Other Study ID Numbers: 16-1208-4C-1

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No