Validation of Hausa Oswestry Disability Index, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, SF-12 Health Survey, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire,Global Rating of Change Scale and Back Beliefs Questionnaire in Low Back Pain Patients

Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Properties of the Hausa Versions of the Oswestry Disability Index, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, SF-12 Health Survey, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Global Rating of Change Scale and Back Beliefs Questionnaire in Patients With Low Back Pain

Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), SF-12 Health Survey, Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), Global Rating of Change Scale and Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ) are important and widely used validated patient self-reported measures commonly used in clinical trials and health research involving patients with low back pain (LBP). However, to date, validated Hausa versions of these tools are unavailable for use despite not only Hausa language is commonly spoken in Nigeria but in other parts of the world.

The purpose of this study is to perform, using evidence-based guidelines, translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the ODI, NPRS, RMDQ, SF-12 health survey, FABQ, PCS, GROC and BBQ into Hausa language among patients with LBP in Northern Nigeria.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chronic Low Back Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Application of the initial evaluation; Behavioral: Final application of instruments

Detailed Description

This study will test the psychometric properties (i.e validity; reliability, and ceiling effect) of the ODI-H, NPRS, RMDQ-H, SF-12-H, FABQ-H, PCS-H, GROC and BBQ-H in Hausa-speaking patients with LBP. Rural and urban participants with LBP will be recruited purposively. Copies of the translated Hausa versions of the NPRS, ODI, RMDQ, SF-12, FABQ, PCS, BBQ as well as VAS for pain and disability will be self or interviewer-administered. Lumbopelvic mobility using finger-floor distance test (FFD) will be also measured. The Hausa versions of the ODI, NPRS, RMDQ, SF-12, FABQ, PCS, GROC and BBQ will be administered again a week after.

Data will be analysed using descriptive, correlation, and factorial analysis on IBM SPSS (version 23.0) at alpha level of 0.05.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 200

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Nigeria
  • Kano, Nigeria, 700
    • Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Wudil General Hospital, Rano General Hospital, Kura General Hospital, and Dawakin-Kudu General Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adults with CLBP attending either rural or urban physiotherapy clinics in Kano State, Northern Nigeria.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male and female between 18 and 70 years old.
• Nonspecific low back pain lasting for more than 12 weeks.
• Resident in the selected rural and urban communities in Kano State Nigeria.
• Ability to read/understand English or Hausa language.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Previous history of back surgery.
• Spine pathology (e.g. tumor, infection, fracture)
• Severe cognitive impairment
• Impaired capacity to be interviewed
• Current pregnancy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in functional disability	Functional disability will be measured by the Hausa Oswestry disability index (ODI-H). The questionnaire consists of 10 items with each item having six statements. All scores are summed, then multiplied by two to obtain the index (range 0 to 100) with higher score indicating greater disability.	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in pain intensity	Pain intensity will be measured by the Hausa Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS-H). The score ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 indicating "No Pain" and 10 "Worst Imaginable Pain".	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in functional disability	Functional disability will be measured by the Hausa Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ-H). The score ranges from 0 to 24, with 0 indicating no disability and 24 maximum disability.	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in quality of life	Quality of life will be measured using the Hausa SF-12 Health Hurvey (SF-12-H). The questionnaire consists of 12 items questioned weighted and summed to provide physical and mental health scores (PCS and MCS). The two composite scores are computed using the scores on twelve questions that range from 0 to 100, with higher score indicating better health.	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in fear-avoidance beliefs	Fear-avoidance beliefs will be measured by the Hausa fear avoidance beliefs	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in pain catastrophization	Pain catastrophization will be measured by the Hausa Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS-H). The scale consists of 13 items rated on 5-point ordinal scale (0-5).The total score ranges from 0-52 with higher score indicating more catastrophic thoughts.	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in back beliefs	Back pain beliefs will be evaluated by the Hausa Back Beliefs Questionnaire (BBQ-H). The questionnaire consists of 14 items with 9 items ranked on a 5 point scale and used to calculate a final score from 9 to 45. Higher scores are indicative of better LBP beliefs and indicate the potential of a better ability to cope with LBP.	Baseline and 1 week after baseline
Change in perceived recovery	Perceived recovery will be evaluated by the Hausa Global Rating Change of Scale (GROC-H). The scale is an 11-point scale ranging from -5 to +5 with a mid-point (0) representing " no change", a left anchor (-5) representing "Very much Worse" and a right anchor (+5) representing "Completely Recovered".	Baseline and 1 week after baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in pain Intensity	Pain Intensity will be measured by 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-P), in which 0 represents "no pain" and 10 represents "worst pain imaginable".	Baseline only
Change in disability	Disability will be measured by 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS-D), in which 0 represents "no disability" and 10 represents "severe disability".	Baseline only
Change in mobility of the spine and pelvis	The finger-floor distance test (FFD) measures mobility of both the whole spine and the pelvis in the overall motion of bending forward.	Baseline only

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Bayero University Kano, Nigeria

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 31, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): January 31, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 15, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 20, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): January 26, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 28, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 26, 2019
• Last Verified: June 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Chronic Low Back Pain; Oswestry Disability Index; Numeric Pain Rating Scale; Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire; SF-12 Health Survey; Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire; Pain Catastrophizing Scale; Global Rating of Change Scale; Back Beliefs Questionnaire
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Back Pain; Low Back Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: PPT/00009

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No