Food First Approach to Stimulate Muscle Protein Synthesis in Healthy Adults (Salmon)

In a crossover design 10 young healthy adults (20-35 y) will receive stable isotope tracer infusions and perform a single bout of resistance exercise. Immediately after exercise participants will ingest either 3.5 oz of Salmon fillet or its constituent macronutrients as isolated amino acids and fat. Repeated blood and breath samples as well as muscle biopsies will be collected to determine whole body amino acid kinetics, muscle amino acid transporters, anabolic signalling and myofibrillar protein synthesis rates during the trials

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hypertrophy
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Resistance exercise; Other: Salmon; Dietary supplement: Isolated amino acids and fatty acids

Detailed Description

On both infusion trials, participants will report to the laboratory at 0700 h after an overnight fast. Upon arrival to the lab, the participant will fill out a questionnaire and a baseline breath sample will be collected to determine 13CO2 enrichment by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. A Teflon catheter will be inserted into the antecubital vein for a baseline blood sample (t=-210) and then participants will receive priming doses of NaH13CO2 (2.35 µmol·kg-1), L-[1-13C]leucine (7.6 µmol·kg-1), and L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine (2.0 µmol·kg-1). Subsequently, a continuous intravenous solution of L-[1-13C]leucine (0.10 µmol·kg-1·min-1) and L-[ring-2H5]phenylalanine (0.05 µmol·kg-1·min-1) will be initiated (t=-210) and maintained over the infusion trials. A second Teflon catheter will be inserted into a heated dorsal vein for repeated arterialized blood sampling and remained patent by a 0.9% saline drip. Breath samples and arterialized blood samples will be collected every 30 to 60 minutes during the postabsorptive and postprandial states. In the post-absorptive state of infusion trial 1, muscle biopsies will be collected at t=-150 and -30 min of infusion to determine basal-state myofibrillar protein synthesis rates, relative skeletal muscle amino acid transporter content, and anabolic-related signaling. In the subsequent cross-over trial only 1 muscle biopsy will be collected at t=-30 for Western blot analysis and postabsorptive myofibrillar protein-bound tracer enrichment. After collection of the resting muscle biopsy at t=-30 for both trials, the participants will perform resistance exercise that consists of 4 sets of 10-12 repetitions or to muscular failure at 65-70% of 1-RM for both leg press and leg extension exercise.

Immediately after the completion of the exercise bout, participants will ingest either 3.5 oz of Salmon fillet or a matched isolated amino acid and fat mixture (t=0). Completion of the meal will mark the start of the postprandial stage and additional muscle biopsies will be collected at t=120 and t=300.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 10
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • Urbana, Illinois, United States, 61801
      • Freer Hall

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 35 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 20-35 years
• Recreationally-active adults: ≥ 30 min of physical activity at moderate intensity ≥ 3 times per week
• English fluency

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smoking
• Known allergies to fish consumption
• Vegans
• Diagnosed GI tract diseases
• Arthritic conditions
• A history of neuromuscular problems
• Diagnosed cognitive impairments
• Recent (1 year) participation in amino acid tracer studies
• Predisposition to hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation
• Individuals on any medications known to affect protein metabolism (i.e. corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, or prescription strength acne medications).
• High blood pressure (Systolic > 140 mm HG; Diastolic > 90 mm HG)
• Alcohol consumption >10 drinks per week
• Metabolic disorders (e.g., Metabolic Syndrome, diabetes, thyroid diseases)
• Consumption of thyroid, androgenic or other medications known to affect endocrine function
• Consumption of ergogenic-leves of dietary supplements that may affect muscle mass (e.g., creatine, HMB), insulin-like substances, or anabolic/catabolic pro-hormones (e.g., DHEA) within 6 weeks prior to participation
• Currently pregnant
• A suboptimal diet quality score as assessed by ASA24 dietary records
• Asthma
• Hypogonadism
• Cardiovascular disease, arrhythmias

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Salmon; After resistance exercise, participants will ingest 3.5 oz of salmon fillet (21g protein, 24g fat) cooked sous-vide.	Behavioral: Resistance exercise; Participants will perform leg press and leg extension immediately prior to ingestion of salmon or isolated mixture; Other: Salmon; Participants will ingest salmon immediately after resistance exercise
Experimental: Isolated mixture; After resistance exercise, participants will ingest an isolated amino acid and fatty acid mixture matched to the amino acid and fatty acid content of 3.5 oz salmon fillet.	Behavioral: Resistance exercise; Participants will perform leg press and leg extension immediately prior to ingestion of salmon or isolated mixture; Dietary supplement: Isolated amino acids and fatty acids; Participants will ingest a mixture of isolated amino acids and fatty acids immediately after resistance exercise

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Fractional synthetic rate of myofibrillar proteins	Myofibrillar protein synthesis rates will be assessed during the postabsorptive period for 3 hr and during the 5 hr after the ingestion of the experimental interventions. This will allow us to assess the change from the postabsorptive to the postprandial period.	Postabsorptive for 3 hours, postprandial for 5 hours.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Phosphorylation of muscle anabolic signaling	Phosphorylation of anabolic signaling pathways will be assessed in the fasted state and at 2 and 5 hr after the ingestion of the experimental interventions.	Baseline and at 2 and 5 hours after protein ingestion
Exogenous rate of leucine appearance	Leucine oxidation rates will be assessed in the fasted state and at multiple time points in the postprandial phase.	5 hour postprandial phase

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Nicholas A Burd, PhD, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 1, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 22, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): November 22, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 8, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 8, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): March 11, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 28, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 24, 2020
• Last Verified: September 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Hypertrophy
• Other Study ID Numbers: 19293

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No