Caribbean Island Urinary Iodine Survey 2018 (CRUISE)

Many of the Caribbean island nations have no data on iodine status in their populations.

Iodine deficiency in children can reduce IQ but can be easily corrected through a program of salt iodization.

The study will be located at 11 islands of the Caribbean region. At each of the 11 study sites, we will measure the iodine status in school-age children by collecting morning spot urine samples for measurement of urinary iodine concentration (UIC). We will also measure height and weight in all children. We will collect a repeat, next-day spot urine sample in 1/3rd of children to adjust for intra-individual variation in spot UIC and calculate the distribution of population intake.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Iodine Deficiency

Detailed Description

In well-controlled randomized trials in Europe and New Zealand, even mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency in school-age children reduces IQ (1); thus, its critical to avoid iodine deficiency in this age group. In countries effected by iodine deficiency, its sustainable elimination through iodized salt can contribute to socioeconomic development. The goal to eliminate iodine deficiency was first adopted globally at the World Summit for Children in 1990, and in 1994, WHO and UNICEF concluded that salt iodization is a safe, cost-effective and sustainable strategy to control iodine deficiency (2). In 2005, the World Health Assembly called on national governments to report on their iodine nutrition every three years. However, before the present survey, the ten countries included in this project had no data on iodine status in their populations, and household access to adequately iodized salt was also unknown. Thus, the study objectives were:

• Assess the distribution of iodine intake of school-age children and their iodine status by measuring urinary iodine concentrations;
• Assess the iodine content of household salt and of seasoning powders;
• Based on the above, provide the preliminary evidence base on which to make initial recommendations for iodine strategy/programs in the region.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 3080

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Antigua and Barbuda
  • St. Johns, Antigua and Barbuda
    • Pan American Health Organization
• Barbados
  • Bridgetown, Barbados, BB11000
    • Pan American Health Organization
• Belize
  • Belize City, Belize
    • Ministry of Health
• Dominica
  • Roseau, Dominica
    • Pan American Health Organization
• Grenada
  • The Lime, Grenada
    • Pan American Helath Organization
• Jamaica
  • Kingston
    • Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
      • The University of the West Indies
• Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis
    • Ministry of Health
• Saint Lucia
  • Castries, Saint Lucia
    • Ministry of Health and Wellness
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
    • Pan American Health Organization
• Trinidad and Tobago
  • Port Of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago
    • University of the West Indies

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 4 years to 10 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Children of school age

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. age at study enrolment 6 to 12 years
2. healthy; no known history of major medical illnesses and taking no chronic medications;
3. residence at the respective study site for 12 months or longer;
4. no use of iodine containing dietary supplements during the last 6 months;
5. no use of X-ray / CT contrast agent or iodine containing medication within the last year.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Ecologic or Community
• Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Number of groups / cohorts

10

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Jamaica; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Jamaica
Trinidad and Tobago; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Trinidad and Tobago
Belize; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Belize
Barbados; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Barbados
St. Lucia; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in St. Lucia
Grenada; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Grenada
St. Vincent & the Grenadines; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in St. Vincent & the Grenadines
Antigua; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Antigua
Dominica; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in Dominica
St. Kitts and Nevis; School aged children 6 - 12 years living in St. Kitts and Nevis

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Iodine status (UIC in spot urine samples)	Assessment of iodine status based on median urinary iodine concentration in spot urine samples	March 2018 to May 2019

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Iodine content in salt	Measurement of iodine concentration in salt samples brought in by participants	January 2019 to May 2019

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
• Collaborators: UNICEF; Pan American Health Organization
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Michael B Zimmermann, Dr. Prof., ETH Zurich, Iodine Global Network

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 31, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): June 30, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 11, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 11, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): May 14, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 25, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 21, 2021
• Last Verified: January 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: CRUISE

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No