NUC in Preventing HBV Reactivation in HCV/HBV Co-infected Patients Receiving DAA for CHC

Role of Nucleoside Analogue in Preventing Clinical Reactivation of HBV in HCV/HBV Co-infected Patients Receiving DAA Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C

HBV reactivation is common in HCV/HBV coinfected patients receiving DAA therapy for chronic hepatitis C. How to prevent HBV reactivation remains unclear. In this trial, we aim to investigate whether prophylactic nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) at the start of DAA could prevent HBV reactivation or not. And whether prolonged NUC prophylaxis (24 weeks) would be better than 12-week prophylaxis. This will be a three-arm, open-label, randomized, active controlled, study. Totally, 60 HBV/HCV co-infected treatment-naïve or treatment-experienced patients without decompensated liver cirrhosis will be included in this study. Group 1 patients (n=20) will receive 12-week ETV from the start of DAA therapy. Group 2 patients (n=20) will receive 24-week ETV from the start of DAA till 12 weeks after end of DAA. Group 3 patients (n=20) will not receive ETV during the period of DAA and will serve as controls. The rate of HBV reactivation and clinical reactivation will be compared among 3 groups of patients. Expected outcomes: The rate of HBV reactivation and clinical reactivation will be lower in the ETV prophylaxis group, and will be the lowest in the group receiving 24-week ETV prophylaxis.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: HBV/HCV Co-infection
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: 24-week Entecavir; Drug: 12-week Entecavir

Detailed Description

We will determine the incidence of virologic and clinical reactivation of HBV during DAA treatment for CHC, in two prophylactic groups versus control group. We will also examine whether extending the duration of prophylactic NUC would be more beneficial than the 3-month prophylaxis regimen.

Patients with the following criteria will be enrolled: age ≥20 years; anti-HCV positive and HCV RNA >1000 IU/ml; any HCV genotype; all received 12 weeks of DAA treatment; treatment naïve or experienced of pegylated interferon/ribavirin; concurrent HBV infection which is defined by positive HBsAg for at least 6 months. Patients with the following criteria will be excluded: history of treatment regimen that included any kind of direct antiviral agents; presence of other etiology of chronic hepatitis including HIV, autoimmune hepatitis, NASH, etc; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (Hba1c >8.5); current evidence or suspicion of malignancy; severe cardiovascular or other severe comorbid diseases; autoimmune disorders; presence of liver cirrhosis clinically or pathologically; any one of following hematology or biochemical or clinical abnormalities: AST/ALT >10x ULN, Albumin <3.5g/dL, Bilirubin >2.5mg/dL, eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73m2, prothrombin time prolongation >4 sec or INR >1.7, platelet count <100 x 103 uL, and history or presence of ascites or hepatic encephalopathy; child-bearing age women without the willing to contraceptive control; and pregnant women or lactating women.

Briefly, 60 HCV/HBV coinfected patients will be enrolled and randomized to receive 12-week DAA regimen for reimbursed for the the treatment of patients with CHC in Taiwan.

Entecavir (0.5mg; ETV) 1 # daily will be used in the prophylactic group. Group 1 patients (n=20) will receive 12-week ETV from the start of DAA therapy. Group 2 patients (n=20) will receive 24-week ETV from the start of DAA till 12 weeks after end of DAA. Group 3 patients (n=20) will not receive ETV during the period of DAA and serve as controls. The rate of HBV reactivation and clinical reactivation will be compared among 3 groups of patients.

The primary endpoint will be the incidence of virologic and clinical reactivation of HBV during DAA treatment for CHC. Secondary objectives include the rate of HBV virologic and clinical reactivation between 12-week versus 24-week entecavir (ETV) prophylaxis during and after DAA treatment; the profiles of serum HBV DNA/qHBsAg during and after DAA treatment; and sustained virological response at post-DAA treatment 12 weeks (SVR12).

The data will be expressed as percentages for category variables and as mean +- standard deviation for continuous variables. Category variables will be evaluated by Chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test will be applied for comparison of the continuous variables. Multivariate analysis will be used to identify factors that are associated with HBV reactivation. A p value less than 0.05 is considered to be significant.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Chun-Jen Liu; Phone Number: 0972651071; Email: cjliu@ntu.edu.tw
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Ting-Chih Chen; Phone Number: 0920228525; Email: tingchih@g.ntu.edu.tw

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 100
    • Recruiting
    • TC Chen
  • Taipei City, Taiwan, 100
    • Recruiting
    • National Taiwan University Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 70 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion criteria

1. Age ≥20 years;
2. Anti-HCV positive and HCV RNA >1000 IU/ml;
3. Any HCV genotype; all received 12 weeks of DAA treatment.
4. Treatment naïve or experienced of pegylated interferon/ribavirin;
5. Concurrent HBV infection which is defined by positive HBsAg for at least 6 months.

Exclusion criteria

1. History of treatment regimen that included any kind of direct antiviral agents;
2. Presence of other etiology of chronic hepatitis including HIV, autoimmune hepatitis, NASH, etc;
3. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (Hba1c >8.5);
4. Current evidence or suspicion of malignancy;
5. Severe cardiovascular or other severe comorbid diseases;
6. Autoimmune disorders;
7. Presence of liver cirrhosis clinically or pathologically;

8. Any one of following hematology or biochemical or clinical abnormalities:

   AST/ALT >10x ULN, Albumin <3.5g/dL, Bilirubin >2.5mg/dL, eGFR <30 ml/min/1.73m2, prothrombin time prolongation >4 sec or INR >1.7, platelet count <100 x 103 uL, and history or presence of ascites or hepatic encephalopathy.

9. Child-bearing age women without the willing to contraceptive control; pregnant women or lactating women.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: FACTORIAL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Entecavir 0.5mg daily for 24 weeks; Entecavir will be delivered for 24-week and will be the experimental arm	Drug: 24-week Entecavir; Entecavir 0.5mg for 24 weeks will be delivered; Other Names: Prophylaxis arm 1
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Entecavir 0.5mg daily for 12 weeks; 12-week entecavir will be served as active comparator	Drug: 12-week Entecavir; Entecavir for 12 weeks will be delivered and serve as the active comparator arm; Other Names: Prophylaxis arm 2
NO_INTERVENTION: Control; Control group does not receive prophylactic ETV

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
HBV virologic and clinical reactivation rates	The primary endpoint will be the incidence of virologic and clinical reactivation of HBV during DAA treatment for CHC.	72 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
HBV reactivation rate: 12-week prophylaxis versus 24-week prophylaxis	12 weeks or 24 weeks of ETV prophylaxis in the control of HBV activity during and after DAA treatment	72 weeks
Profiles of serum HBV DNA/qHBsAg during and after DAA treatment.	The profiles of HBV DNA and qHBsAg will be compared among 3 study groups	72 weeks
Sustained virological response at post-DAA treatment 12 weeks (SVR12)	The SVR12 will be compared among 3 study groups	72 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Taiwan University Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Chun-Jen Liu, MDPHD, Department of Internal Medicine, NTUH

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): August 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (ANTICIPATED): December 28, 2020
• Study Completion (ANTICIPATED): December 28, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 17, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 26, 2020
• First Posted (ACTUAL): May 28, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): July 2, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 1, 2020
• Last Verified: May 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: HCV,HBV
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Infections; Coinfection; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Entecavir
• Other Study ID Numbers: 201807069MINB

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No