- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT04446611
Clinical Study of STI Screening to Prevent Adverse Birth and New-born Outcomes
This study aims to evaluate different screening strategies to decrease the burden of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) among pregnant women, and reduce adverse birth outcomes. In turn it aims to evaluate the cost per pregnant woman screened and treated, cost of adverse birth outcomes, and cost-effectiveness per sexually transmitted infection (STI) and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted. Furthermore, this study will incorporate a vaginal microbiome sub-study aimed to investigate the relationship between the vaginal microbiome and persistent Chlamydial infections in pregnant women.
Aim 1 and 2: The intervention includes diagnostic testing at a woman's first antenatal care visit using the Xpert® platform with same-day treatment for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis infection with either a test-of-cure three weeks post-treatment (arm 1) or a repeat test at 30-34 weeks gestation (arm 2) compared to the standard of care, i.e. syndromic management (arm 3).
Aim 3: Case-control study to investigate role vaginal microbiome in STI treatment outcomes
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Detailed Description
Prevalence of STIs is high among pregnant women in South Africa and most infections remain untreated. Untreated infections impact on pregnancy and birth outcomes. Good diagnostic and point-of-care (POC) tests are available, such as the GeneXpert platform. The health impact, cost-effectiveness and approaches to optimization of STI diagnostic screening during pregnancy are unknown.
In order to 1) identify optimal, cost-effective screening strategies that decrease the burden of STIs during pregnancy and reduce adverse birth outcomes, 2) informs evidence to WHO's guidelines to introduce aetiologic STI screening globally and 3) elucidate the role of the vaginal microbiome in STI treatment outcomes, the investigators propose three Specific Aims:
- Evaluate different screening strategies to decrease the burden of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis among pregnant women and reduce adverse birth outcomes
- Evaluate cost per pregnant woman screened and treated, cost of adverse birth outcomes, and cost-effectiveness per STI and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) averted
- Investigate the relationship between the vaginal microbiome and persistent Chlamydial infections in pregnant women
STI screening and treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis will be offered to HIV-infected and non-infected women (age >18 years) whom present for first antenatal care services. An effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 three-arm (1:1:1) randomized controlled trial (RCT), will be employed to evaluate different screening strategies to decrease the burden of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis among pregnant women, and reduce adverse birth outcomes.
The costs of the different STI screening strategies relative to control will be estimated based on literature review and performance/implementation characteristics and compared, in addition to the costs of managing adverse birth outcomes. Decision analytic modelling will estimate the cost-effectiveness per STI, and DALY averted (Aim 2).
Depending on the randomization arm, participants will be scheduled to be seen various times throughout pregnancy by the study team; antenatal care visits will be conducted in line with national policy. All post-partum mothers and infants will be asked to be seen at the first post-delivery clinic visit.
Study Type
Enrollment (Anticipated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Andrew Medina-Marino, PhD, MPH
- Phone Number: +27 43 726 7538
- Email: AndrewM@foundation.co.za
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Jeffrey Klausner, MD, MPH
- Phone Number: +1 323-442-1100
- Email: jdklausner@med.usc.edu
Study Locations
-
-
Eastern Cape
-
East London, Eastern Cape, South Africa, 5217
- Recruiting
- Buffalo City Metro
-
Contact:
- Andrew Medina-Marino, PhD, MPH
- Phone Number: +27 43 726 7538
- Email: AndrewM@foundation.co.za
-
Principal Investigator:
- Andrew Medina-Marino, PhD, MPH
-
Principal Investigator:
- Jeffrey Klausner, MD, MPH
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Child
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria for pregnant women:
- Age≥18 years
- Currently pregnant based on positive urine pregnancy test
- Attending first ANC visit for current pregnancy
- Gestational age <20 weeks
- Agreeing to nurse-collected specimens
- Resident in Buffalo City Municipality (BCM)
- Intent to deliver in one of the four midwife obstetric units (MOUs) in BCM
Gestational age will be confirmed via ultrasound
Exclusion Criteria:
- Planning to relocate during pregnancy or deliver in an MOU outside of BCM
- Unknown HIV status (e.g. refusal, invalid test result)
- Currently participating in another ANC/HIV study
- When the ultrasound confirms ≥20 weeks gestation at first ANC
Inclusion criteria for Neonates:
1) born to mothers that provided informed consent to participate in study, 2) provision of updated verbal consent by mother to collect and test specimens for STIs
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Screening
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Test at 1st ANC + Test-of-Cure (Treatment 1)
Single point-in-time diagnostic screening plus test-of-cure three weeks post-treatment
|
Single point-in-time molecular point-of-care diagnostic screening and treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis at first antenatal care visit and infection-specific test-of-cure 3 weeks post-treatment.
Women with a positive test-of-cure will be re-treated.
As CT/NG is a combined Xpert test, women who present with an incident infection (newly diagnosed infection) will be treated and managed accordingly.
|
Experimental: Test at 1st ANC + 30-34 gestation (Treatment 2)
Repeated diagnostic screening at first antenatal care and 30-34 weeks gestation
|
Repeated molecular point-of-care diagnostic screening and treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis at first antenatal care visit and at week 30-34 gestation.
No test-of-cure will be conducted for women with positive test results; however, additional treatment will be provided to women with persistent/recurrent vaginal discharge.
|
No Intervention: Syndromic Management (Control)
Syndromic management (standard of care) at every antenatal care visit per South African National Guidelines.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Frequency of adverse birth outcomes among study arms
Time Frame: Recorded within 2 weeks of delivery
|
Adverse birth outcomes as defined by a composite measure of preterm birth (born alive before 370/7 weeks gestation) or low birth weight (less than 2500g) as recorded in the maternity case records
|
Recorded within 2 weeks of delivery
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in STI prevalence (a) between baseline visit and delivery within the experimental arms and (b) between the experimental and control arms by delivery.
Time Frame: Between baseline (first antenatal visit <27 weeks' gestation) and delivery outcome (collected within 2 weeks post-delivery)
|
To calculate the relative and absolute change in Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Trichomoniasis prevalence.
Additionally, generalized estimating equations to test for variation in STI prevalence among study arms will be done, adjusting for potential effect modifiers and confounding variables
|
Between baseline (first antenatal visit <27 weeks' gestation) and delivery outcome (collected within 2 weeks post-delivery)
|
Correlation between Bacterial vaginosis-associated vaginal community state types and clearance of Chlamydia infection
Time Frame: Assessed through study completion
|
To determine the correlation between Bacterial vaginosis-associated vaginal community state types and chlamydial infection clearance as measured by a positive or negative chlamydial test result no less than three weeks after treatment and thence weekly until a negative Chlamydia test result is recorded.
|
Assessed through study completion
|
Incidence of Preterm birth among study arms
Time Frame: At delivery
|
The frequency of live births before 37 weeks' gestation, as validated by ultrasound dating at first antenatal visit
|
At delivery
|
Incidence of Low birthweight infants among study arms
Time Frame: Within 2 weeks post-delivery
|
The frequency of live births with birth weight < 2500g, as recorded in the maternity case records
|
Within 2 weeks post-delivery
|
Incidence of STI in infants exposed to infection in their mothers
Time Frame: STI testing in mother and infants within 2 weeks post-delivery to a maximum of 6 weeks post-delivery
|
Frequency of Chlamydia, Gonorrhoeae, and/or Trichomonas infection among infants born to a mother in whom infection is detected post-delivery
|
STI testing in mother and infants within 2 weeks post-delivery to a maximum of 6 weeks post-delivery
|
Frequency of fetal loss (miscarriage or stillbirth) among study arms
Time Frame: Assessed through study completion
|
Composite frequency of miscarriage (<28 weeks' gestation) or stillbirth (> 28 weeks' gestation) and the individual components, as indicated in the maternal case records
|
Assessed through study completion
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Andrew Medina-Marino, PhD, MPH, Foundation for Professional Development
- Principal Investigator: Jeffrey Klausner, MD, MPH, USC Keck School of Medicine - University of Southern California
Publications and helpful links
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
Study Completion (Anticipated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Pathologic Processes
- RNA Virus Infections
- Virus Diseases
- Infections
- Blood-Borne Infections
- Communicable Diseases
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral
- Lentivirus Infections
- Retroviridae Infections
- Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
- Immune System Diseases
- Disease Attributes
- Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections
- Bacterial Infections
- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses
- Parasitic Diseases
- Protozoan Infections
- Slow Virus Diseases
- Neisseriaceae Infections
- Chlamydiaceae Infections
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Bacterial
- HIV Infections
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
- Chlamydia Infections
- Gonorrhea
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- Trichomonas Infections
Other Study ID Numbers
- R01AI149339 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Sharing Access Criteria
IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type
- Study Protocol
- Informed Consent Form (ICF)
- Analytic Code
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on HIV/AIDS
-
University of MinnesotaWithdrawnHIV Infections | HIV/AIDS | Hiv | AIDS | Aids/Hiv Problem | AIDS and InfectionsUnited States
-
University of California, San DiegoNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)Completed
-
University of Massachusetts, BostonCompleted
-
Stanford UniversityJanssen Services, LLCCompleted
-
ViiV HealthcareJohns Hopkins University; Pfizer; Vanderbilt University; University of North Carolina...Completed
-
Medical College of WisconsinCompleted
-
Emory UniversityCompleted
-
Rhode Island HospitalUnknown
-
Tibotec Pharmaceuticals, IrelandCompleted
-
Lampiris, Harry W., M.D.AbbottUnknown
Clinical Trials on First antenatal care + test-of-cure
-
Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante,...African Population and Health Research Center; World Health OrganizationCompletedDiagnoses Disease | Syphilis Infection
-
University of ManchesterRecruiting
-
The University of Texas Health Science Center,...TerminatedAmniotic Fluid; Disorder | Fetal Growth AbnormalityUnited States
-
Public Health Foundation of IndiaLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine; Kathmandu University School...Not yet recruitingAnemia | Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) | Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH)India, Nepal
-
University of ArkansasHoward J Barnhard, Resident Research Endowment.; UAMS DEPT of Radiology.Completed
-
Ziekenhuis Oost-LimburgCompletedAngina, Stable | Angina Pectoris | Angina, Unstable | Non STEMI | Angina, Prinzmetal'sBelgium
-
Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, an affiliate...Completed
-
Boston Medical CenterCompleted
-
University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignCarle Foundation HospitalTerminated