Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises During the Second Stage of Labor

September 18, 2020 updated by: Riphah International University

Effectiveness of Breathing Exercises During the Second Stage of Labor on Labor Pain and Duration

To determine effectiveness of breathing exercises for pregnant women during the second stage of labor on maternal pain, duration of labor, dyspnea, oxygen saturation (SPO2) and the first-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) scores

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

This study is about to determine effectiveness of breathing exercises for pregnant women during the second stage of labor on maternal pain, duration of labor, dyspnea, oxygen saturation SPO2 and the first-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) scores.

Two sessions will be given to pregnant women in Intervention group. One session breathing exercises training will be given during first stage of labor by the investigator. During training all participants in Intervention group will be instructed to perform breathing exercises during the second stage of labor. The main components of breathing exercises during training will be as fellows (A) First, fill your stomach and then your lungs with air while breathing in; (B) Feel the expansion in the stomach; (C) Make sure the muscles from your stomach to your knee are relaxed, as if you are urinating while breathing out; (D) When there is pain, perform deep abdominal breathing exercises, and take a deep breath in and hold as much as you can; (E) Try to push the baby downward; (F) You can do it by holding your breath or breathing out quite slowly from your mouth; (G) The most important point in this stage is that you should not fill up the stomach with air, and you should push downward to deliver the baby; (H) You should continue the pushing until the pain is relieved. The participants will be observed during second stage of labor and their breathing will be monitored.

  1. During the second stage of labor maternal labor pain will be assessed by Visual Analogue Scale.
  2. Duration of second stage of labor will be counted by turning on the stop watch on the start of second stage and it will be stopped at the end when baby will be delivered.
  3. Dyspnea will be monitored by dyspnea scale after performing breathing exercises during second stage of labor.
  4. Oxygen saturation will be monitored by pulse oximeter during second stage of labor.
  5. APGAR score of newborn will be marked in 1st minute after the birth.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

264

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Kashmir
      • Mirpur, Kashmir, Pakistan, 10250
        • District headquarter hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

20 years to 40 years (ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant females
  • Gestational age ranging between 37 and 42 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

Women using analgesics or anesthetics, Women with clinical instability Women with psychiatric disorders

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: PARALLEL
  • Masking: DOUBLE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Intervention Group
Two sessions will be given to pregnant women in Intervention group. One session breathing exercises training will be given during first stage of labor by the investigator. During training all participants in Intervention group will be instructed to perform breathing exercises during the second stage of labor.
Other: Breathing exercises
The main components of breathing exercises during training will be as follows (A) First, fill your stomach and then your lungs with air while breathing in; (B) Feel the expansion in the stomach; (C) Make sure the muscles from your stomach to your knee are relaxed, as if you are urinating while breathing out; (D) When there is pain, perform deep abdominal breathing exercises, and take a deep breath in and hold as much as you can; (E) Try to push the baby downward; (F) You can do it by holding your breath or breathing out quite slowly from your mouth; (G) The most important point in this stage is that you should not fill up the stomach with air, and you should push downward to deliver the baby; (H) You should continue the pushing until the pain is relieved
NO_INTERVENTION: Control Group
Usual hospital delivery protocol will be followed.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Visual Analog scale
Time Frame: 1 day (First Visit)
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a measurement instrument that tries to measure a characteristic or attitude that is believed to range across a continuum of values and cannot easily be directly measured. It is often used in epidemiologic and clinical research to measure the intensity or frequency of various symptoms.
1 day (First Visit)
Stop watch
Time Frame: 1 day (First Visit)
A stopwatch is a handheld timepiece designed to measure the amount of time that elapses between its activation and deactivation.
1 day (First Visit)
DYSPNEA SCALE
Time Frame: 1 day (First Visit)
Dyspnea Scale quantifies disability attributable to breathlessness, and is useful for characterizing baseline dyspnea in patients with respiratory diseases.
1 day (First Visit)
PULSE OXIMETER
Time Frame: 1 day (First Visit)
Pulse oximeter is a noninvasive instrument for monitoring a person's oxygen saturation.
1 day (First Visit)
APGAR
Time Frame: 1 day (First Visit)
Apgar stands for "Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration." In the test, five things are used to check a baby's health. Each is scored on a scale of 0 to 2, with 2 being the best score
1 day (First Visit)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (ACTUAL)

January 15, 2020

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

August 15, 2020

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

September 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 16, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 18, 2020

First Posted (ACTUAL)

September 21, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

September 21, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 18, 2020

Last Verified

September 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • REC/00239 Maryam Waheed

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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