Study Evaluating the Ketogenic Diet in Patients with Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer

Randomized Phase II Trial of Two Different Nutritional Approaches for Patients Receiving Treatment for Their Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

This study will evaluate the effects of the ketogenic diet in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer while receiving chemotherapy.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Ketogenic Diet

Detailed Description

A randomized, phase II trial designed to evaluate the progression free survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer on triplet therapy (nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine + cisplatin) while on ketogenic diet or non-ketogenic diet. This study also aims to compare the changes in serum metabolites and quality of life between the two arms.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 32
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Arizona
    • Scottsdale, Arizona, United States, 85258
      • Honor Health
  • California
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90033
      • USC/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center
  • Connecticut
    • Danbury,, Connecticut, United States, 06810
      • Nuvance Health-Danbury Hospital
    • Norwalk, Connecticut, United States, 06856
      • Nuvance Health
  • Tennessee
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37203
      • Tennessee Oncology
  • Texas
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229
      • South Texas Accelerated Research Therapeutics, LLC

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 18 years of age; male or female.
2. Histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, not previously treated for their metastatic disease.
3. Capable of providing informed consent and complying with trial procedures.
4. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) of ≥ 70%.
5. Life expectancy ≥ 12 weeks.
6. Measurable tumor lesions according to RECIST 1.1 criteria.
7. <Grade 2 pre-existing peripheral neuropathy per NCI CTCAE, Version 5.0.
8. Patient has acceptable coagulation status as indicated by an INR ≤1.5 times institutional upper limit of normal (ULN). Patients on anticoagulation can be included at the discretion of the investigator.

9. Patients must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:

   • Absolute neutrophil count ≥1,500/mm3
   • Platelet concentration ≥100,000/mm3 with no platelet transfusions within 7 days prior to laboratory sample
   • Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0g/dL (PRBCs may be given to meet this criteria)
   • Hematocrit level ≥ 27%
   • Total bilirubin within 1.25 x ULN
   • AST (SGOT) and ALT (SGPT) ≤ 2.5 times upper limit of normal (if liver metastases are present, then ≤ 5 x ULN is allowed)
   • Serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL.
10. Patient must have a Smartphone or computer in order to work with Virta

11. Females of child-bearing potential (defined as a sexually mature woman who (1) has not undergone hysterectomy [the surgical removal of the uterus] or bilateral oophorectomy [the surgical removal of both ovaries] or (2) has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 24 consecutive months [i.e., has had menses at any time during the preceding 24 consecutive months]) must:

    1. Either commit to true abstinence* from heterosexual contact (which must be reviewed on a monthly basis), or agree to use, and be able to comply with, effective contraception without interruption, 28 days prior to starting IP therapy (including dose interruptions), and while on study medication or for a longer period if required by local regulations following the last dose of IP; and
    2. Have a negative serum pregnancy test (β -hCG) result at screening and agree to ongoing pregnancy testing during the course of the study, and after the end of study therapy. This applies even if the subject practices true abstinence* from heterosexual contact.

12. Male subjects must practice true abstinence* or agree to use a condom during sexual contact with a pregnant female or a female of childbearing potential while participating in the study, during dose interruptions and for 6 months following discontinuation from study treatment, even if he has undergone a successful vasectomy.

    • True abstinence is acceptable when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. [Periodic abstinence (e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception].

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients must have received no previous radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy or investigational therapy for the treatment of their metastatic pancreatic disease. Prior treatment in the adjuvant setting with chemotherapy and radiation are allowed, provided at least 6 months have elapsed since completion of the last therapy and recurrence and no lingering toxicities are present (this will be first line treatment for metastatic disease).
2. Evidence of central nervous system (CNS) metastasis (negative imaging study, if clinically indicated, within 4 weeks of Screening Visit).
3. History of other malignancies (except cured basal cell carcinoma, superficial bladder cancer or carcinoma in situ of the cervix) unless documented free of cancer for ≥ 2 years.
4. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness, including but not limited to New York Heart Association Class III or IV, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, or unstable arrhythmia.
5. Known infection with HIV, hepatitis B, or hepatitis C.
6. Active, uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, requiring systematic therapy.
7. Major surgery within 4 weeks prior to study entry. (Port-a-cath may be inserted during this time period).
8. Any condition in the opinion of the principal investigator that might interfere with the patient's participation in the study or in the evaluation of the study results.
9. Any condition in the opinion of the principal investigator that is unstable and could jeopardize the patient's participation in the study.
10. Unwillingness or inability to comply with procedures required in this protocol, including unwillingness to follow a ketogenic diet.
11. Severe malnutrition or body mass index (BMI) < 18.
12. Albumin < 3.0 g/dL.
13. History of Type 1 diabetes.
14. History of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Ketogenic (KD) + Triplet; Ketogenic diet plus nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2, cisplatin 25 mg/m2, and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 all administered intravenously (IV) on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days.	Other: Ketogenic Diet; Ketogenic diet (KD) will consist of macros: dietary carbohydrates restricted to < 30 g/day; daily protein intake will be targeted to 1.5 g/kg/day (targeted to ideal body weight).
No Intervention: Non-ketogenic + Triplet; Non-ketogenic diet plus nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2, cisplatin 25 mg/m2, and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 all administered intravenously (IV) on Days 1 and 8 every 21 days.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Progression-free survival per RECIST 1.1	Progression-free survival (PFS) is defined as the time from randomization to first documentation of objective tumor progression or to death due to any cause.	36 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
To compare the number of responses by RECIST 1.1	To compare the number of complete responses/partial responses as defined by CT scan using the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) and CA 19-9 (or CA 125, or CEA if not expressers of CA 19-9) down to normal limits (from at least > 2X ULN).	36 months
To compare the disease control rate using the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors 1.1 (RECIST 1.1).	(Partial Response + Complete Response + Stable Disease for at least 9 weeks)	36 months
Cancer Biomarkers	Change in CA 19-9 (or CA 125, or CEA if not expressers of CA 19-9)	36 months
Cancer Biomarkers returning to normal	Rates of normalization of CA 19-9 (or CA 125, or CEA if not expressers of CA 19-9)	36 months
Change in BMI	To compare the average weight (kg), using BMI calculation (BMI = weight (kg) / height (m2))	36 months
Compare insulin levels	To compare average insulin levels	36 months
To compare the average HbgA1c level	To compare the average HbgA1c levels	36 months
To compare changes in serum metabolites	To compare changes in serum metabolites	36 months
To compare quality of life between arms via the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire QLC-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) assessment.	Higher scores in the quality of life on the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire QLC-C30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) assessment may show a better outcome.	36 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Translational Drug Development
• Collaborators: Translational Genomics Research Institute
• Investigators: Study Director: Steve Norton, MBA PhD, Translational Drug Development

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Yang L, TeSlaa T, Ng S, Nofal M, Wang L, Lan T, Zeng X, Cowan A, McBride M, Lu W, Davidson S, Liang G, Oh TG, Downes M, Evans R, Von Hoff D, Guo JY, Han H, Rabinowitz JD. Ketogenic diet and chemotherapy combine to disrupt pancreatic cancer metabolism and growth. Med. 2022 Feb 11;3(2):119-136. doi: 10.1016/j.medj.2021.12.008.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 2, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): February 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 26, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 10, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): November 17, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 20, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Pancreatic Cancer; Ketogenic Diet; Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma; Keto Diet
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Endocrine System Diseases; Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Digestive System Neoplasms; Digestive System Diseases; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms; Pancreatic Diseases; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Carcinoma; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma
• Other Study ID Numbers: TD2-PDAC-KETO-001

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No