Peanut Protein Supplementation to Augment Muscle Growth and Improve Markers of Muscle Quality and Health in Young Adults

This study will evaluate the adaptations in skeletal muscle that occur in response to 10 weeks of weight training with or without peanut protein supplementation in untrained men and women ages 18-30

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sarcopenia
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Full body resistance training; Dietary supplement: Peanut protein powder

Detailed Description

This is a two-phase study using both novel and conventional methods to assess how PP supplementation affects muscle tissue in young adults who engage in resistance training. These two phases will be conducted as part of a 10-week randomized controlled trial in which men and women aged 18-30 years (n=40), will be stratified by gender and randomized to a resistance training intervention (whole body, two days per week) with PP powder (72g daily; n=10 males, n=10 females) provided during the intervention (immediate group, IG) or after the intervention (wait-list control, WLC, n=10 males, n=10 females). The aims of this study are to determine the acute (deuterium oxide tracer) and chronic (peripheral quantitative computed tomography) effects of PP during resistance training on skeletal muscle myofibrillar protein synthesis rates, changes in skeletal muscle size and quality, changes in whole and appendicular body composition (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry), changes in inflammatory markers and the fecal microbiome.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 56
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Alabama
    • Auburn, Alabama, United States, 36849
      • Auburn University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 30 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• body mass index (body mass/height squared) less than 35 kg/m2
• resting blood pressure averaging less than 140/90 mmHg (with or without medication)

Exclusion Criteria:

• known peanut allergy
• actively participating in resistance training for more than 2 days/week
• any known overt cardiovascular or metabolic disease
• metal implants that will interfere with x-ray procedures
• medically necessary radiation exposure in the last six months (except dental x-ray)
• any medical condition that would contradict participating in an exercise program, giving blood or donating a skeletal muscle biopsy (i.e. blood clotting disorder or taking blood thinners)
• pregnant or trying to become pregnant

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Immediate Intervention Group; Participants will complete 10 weeks of twice-weekly whole body resistance training. Peanut protein powder (72g/day) will be provided for daily consumption during the study period	Behavioral: Full body resistance training; Participants will undergo supervised resistance training two times per week (5 exercises, 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions per set); Dietary supplement: Peanut protein powder; Peanut protein powder will be provided to participants who will be instructed to consume 72g daily, mixed with water
Active Comparator: Wait-list Control Group; Participants will complete 10 weeks of twice-weekly whole body resistance training. Peanut protein powder will be provided after the study period	Behavioral: Full body resistance training; Participants will undergo supervised resistance training two times per week (5 exercises, 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions per set)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in acute myofibrillar protein synthesis rates	Change in right leg vastus lateralis myofibrillar protein synthesis rates using the integrated deuterium oxide technique from biopsies immediately before and 24 hours after resistance exercise Change in right leg vastus lateralis myofibrillar protein synthesis rates using the integrated deuterium oxide technique from biopsies immediately before and 24 hours after resistance exercise	24 hours
Change in mid-thigh skeletal muscle area and quality	Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) cross-sectional image of mid-right thigh assessed for overall muscle density (mg/cm^3)	0-10 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Type I and II Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area	Muscle biopsy immunofluorescent staining for determination of type I and type II muscle fiber cross sectional area (fCSA) as a cellular determinant of skeletal muscle hypertrophy	0-10 weeks
Change in leg extensor isokinetic dynamometry	maximal isokinetic right leg extensions on an isokinetic dynamometer (BioDex)	0-10 weeks
Change in fecal microbiome composition	alpha- and beta-diversity of 16S bacterial rDNA	0-10 weeks
Change in appendicular lean mass	Change in lean mass (kg) of limbs as measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)	0-10 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Auburn University
• Collaborators: The Peanut Institute; Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine-Auburn
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Michael D Roberts, PhD, Associate professor

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Sexton CL, Smith MA, Smith KS, Osburn SC, Godwin JS, Ruple BA, Hendricks AM, Mobley CB, Goodlett MD, Fruge AD, Young KC, Roberts MD. Effects of Peanut Protein Supplementation on Resistance Training Adaptations in Younger Adults. Nutrients. 2021 Nov 9;13(11):3981. doi: 10.3390/nu13113981.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 6, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 31, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): May 31, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 10, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 11, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): January 13, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 9, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 8, 2021
• Last Verified: June 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: resistance training; muscle hypertrophy; muscle quality
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Muscular Atrophy; Atrophy; Sarcopenia
• Other Study ID Numbers: 19-249B

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: Deidentified anthropometric, physiological, biological and performance data may be requested

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No