Calorie Restriction Diets on Weight Reduction, Post weigh-in Recovery and Exercise Performance in Athletes

The Metabolomic Exploration of Low-carbohydrate and Calorie Restriction Diet on Weight Reduction, Post weigh-in Recovery and Exercise Performance in Taekwondo Athletes

Low-carbohydrate diets are often used as weight-loss strategies by obese individuals and athletes. This diet has effects on oxidizing fat and suppressing appetite. But short term evidences are still few. In combat sports such as taekwondo, athletes prefer rapid weight loss to achieve a desired weight category. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the low carbohydrate diet combined with strict calorie restriction on body composition and exercise performance in taekwondo athletes.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Diet, Reducing
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: calorie restriction diet

Detailed Description

This study used a randomized cross-over design. Each participant completed a low carbohydrate and a high carbohydrate trial in a random order, separated by a 30-day wash-out period. Each trial comprised of a 7-day weight loss period, followed by an 18-hr recovery period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 7-day caloric restriction with low- or high-carbohydrate diet, combined with an 18-hr recovery period, on body weight loss and taekwondo-specific performance.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Taichung, Taiwan
    • National Taiwan University of Sport

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years to 24 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Must have at least 6 years of Taekwondo training experience
• Must have participated in domestic or international competitions

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smoking
• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Any medication in the past 3 months

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: CROSSOVER
• Masking: DOUBLE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: low carbohydrate trial; The energy distribution was carbohydrate 10%, protein 40-50%, fat 40-50% in the LC trial.	Dietary supplement: calorie restriction diet; The 7-day low-calorie diet contained 15.8 ± 0.4 kcal/kg/d in both trials, divided into three meals a day.
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: high carbohydrate trial; The energy distribution was carbohydrate 60-65%, protein 30-40%, fat 5-10% in the HC trial.	Dietary supplement: calorie restriction diet; The 7-day low-calorie diet contained 15.8 ± 0.4 kcal/kg/d in both trials, divided into three meals a day.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Body weight in kilograms assessed by air-displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod)	The body weight (kg) of participants was determined before and after calorie restriction intervention to evaluate the degree of weight loss.	1 min
Body fat mass in kilograms assessed by air-displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod)	The body fat mass (kg) of participants was determined before and after calorie restriction intervention to evaluate the degree of weight loss.	1 min
Lean body mass in kilograms assessed by air-displacement plethysmography (Bod Pod)	The lean body fat mass (kg) of participants was determined before and after calorie restriction intervention to evaluate the degree of weight loss.	1 min

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Taekwondo-specific reaction time in seconds assessed by Electromyography (EMG) signals	The reaction time (sec) was measured before and after weight loss to assess the difference in exercise performance. The participants were asked to make the fist on the left hand as soon as they see a light signal, then start the taekwondo-specific movement. The reaction time was calculated as the time from the beginning of the light signal to the start of electromyography (EMG) signal of the left thenar muscles. The movement was performed 5 times. The average reaction time was used to arrive at one reported value.	1 min

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Chin Hsu
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Chin Hsu, Assistant Professor

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): August 17, 2019
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): September 26, 2019
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): September 26, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 15, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 17, 2021
• First Posted (ACTUAL): August 23, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): August 23, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 17, 2021
• Last Verified: August 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Weight Loss
• Other Study ID Numbers: MOST 108-2410-H-028-005

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No