Community Mobilization for Improved Clean Cookstove Uptake, Household Air Pollution Reduction, and Hypertension Prevention

Using a focused implementation research framework, the EPIS (Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment) model in a type-2 hybrid design, the study will be conducted in 3 phases: 1) A pre-implementation phase that will use the Exploration and Preparation domains of EPIS to: a) explore barriers and facilitators of Clean Fuel- Clean- Stove (CF-CS) use, and b) develop a culturally-tailored CM strategy for CF-CS use; 2) An Implementation phase that will use the Implementation domain of EPIS to compare in a cluster RCT of 32 peri-urban communities (640 households), the effect of CM vs. a self-directed condition (i.e. receipt of information on CF-CS use without CM) on adoption of CF-CS use; and systolic BP reduction; 3) A post-implementation phase that will use the Sustainment domain of EPIS to evaluate the effect of CM strategy vs. self-directed condition on sustainability of the CF-CS use in 640 households across the randomly assigned 32 peri-urban communities in Nigeria. The Lagos State University College of Medicine (LASUCOM) working with the MOH will oversee research coordination in Nigeria.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Hypertension
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Community Mobilization

Detailed Description

This study will use CM to engage in the community dialogues, organize outreach facilitation, and advocacy for the adoption of bioethanol-based and liquified petroleum gas (LPG) CF-CS across participating households. The choice of CM strategy is deliberate because, unlike western culture, African cultures are largely based on communal hierarchy.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 1280
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
      • University of Chicago
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10016
      • NYU Langone Health

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 85 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Primary adult must be a female cook;
• Must not have a paid housemaid;
• Family size must be a minimum of 2 and no more than 7 members;
• Family must use Kerosene, charcoal, LPG, or firewood as primary cooking fuel;
• The person spoken to at enrollment must be the home key decision maker;
• Must have no plans for relocation in the next year.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Does not meet the inclusion criteria

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Self-Directed Group; Receive information on CFCS use and education on HAP in 16 urban and rural communities; will not receive the CM intervention
Experimental: CM Intervention Group; Cluster. RCT of 16 urban and rural communities. Community mobilizers and health education officers will facilitate use of CF-CS (bioethanol and LPG fuels/stoves) and educate households on HAP exposure throughout the intervention period	Behavioral: Community Mobilization; The Community Mobilization (CM) strategy will include: (1) Community advisory board [comprising local community-based organizations, government officials, and residents], that will provide leadership support and buy-in for adoption of Clean Fuel- Clean- Stove (CF-CS) use; (2) Trained MoH community health extension workers, community health officers, community mobilizers and health education officers, who will form community action teams (CAT) to facilitate the implementation of CF-CS use via provision of support, knowledge exchange and performance feedback to the primary cooks in participating households; (3) Community dialogues with residents and households focused on shared concerns on the significance and importance of CF-CS use.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percent of Participants who have Adopted CF-CS at Baseline	Adoption defined as utilization of the CF-CS for more than 50% of cooking activities based on the metric developed by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. All traditional stoves and the bioethanol-based CF-CS in the participating households will be equipped with the iButtons SUMs to assess their use. Trained study staff will collect iButton temperature data during household visits.	Baseline
Percent of Participants who have Adopted CF-CS at Month 12	Adoption defined as utilization of the CF-CS for more than 50% of cooking activities based on the metric developed by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. All traditional stoves and the bioethanol-based CF-CS in the participating households will be equipped with the iButtons SUMs to assess their use. Trained study staff will collect iButton temperature data during household visits.	Month 12

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Mean Systolic Blood Pressure from Baseline to Month 12	Blood pressure readings assessed with a validated automated BP device. At each visit, three readings will be taken by trained research coordinators using an automated BP monitor. The average of three BP readings will be used as the measure for each study visit.	Baseline, Month 12
Percent of Participants who Have Adopted CF-CS at Month 24	Measure of sustainability. Adoption defined as utilization of the CF-CS for more than 50% of cooking activities based on the metric developed by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. All traditional stoves and the bioethanol-based CF-CS in the participating households will be equipped with the iButtons SUMs to assess their use. Trained study staff will collect iButton temperature data during household visits.	Month 24

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: NYU Langone Health
• Collaborators: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Olugbenga Ogedegbe, MD, NYU Langone Health; Principal Investigator: Christopher O Olopade, University of Chicago

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Onakomaiya DO, Mishra S, Colvin C, Ogunyemi R, Aderibigbe AA, Fagbemi T, Adeniji MR, Li S, Kanneh N, Aifah A, Vedanthan R, Olopade CO, Wright K, Ogedegbe G, Wall SP. Stakeholders' perspectives on implementation of a clean fuel: clean stove intervention for reduction of household air pollution and hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria - a qualitative study. BMJ Open. 2026 Jan 9;16(1):e101218. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-101218.
• Wright O, Olopade CO, Aifah AA, Fagbemi T, Hade EM, Mishra S, Onakomaiya DO, Kanneh N, Chen W, Colvin CL, Ogunyemi R, Sogbossi E, Erinosho E, Ojengbede O, Taiwo O, Johnson MA, Vedanthan R, Wall S, Lwelunmor J, Idris O, Ogedegbe G. Community mobilisation for adoption of clean cookstoves and clean fuel to reduce household air pollution and blood pressure in Lagos, Nigeria: protocol for a cluster-randomised trial. BMJ Open. 2025 Sep 10;15(9):e098483. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-098483.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 11, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 26, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 1, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 9, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): September 17, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 30, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 24, 2026
• Last Verified: March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Hypertension; Cardiovascular diseases; Community mobilization; Household air pollution; Clean cookstove; Clean fuel
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Vascular Diseases; Hypertension; Cardiovascular Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: 21-00586; R01HL157091 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Individual participant data that underlie the results reported in this article, after deidentification (text, tables, figures, and appendices).
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Beginning 9 months and ending 36 months following article publication or as required by a condition of awards and agreements supporting the research.
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: The investigator who proposed to use the data. To achieve aims in the approved proposal. Requests should be directed to olugbenga.ogedegbe@nyulangone.org. To gain access, data requestors will need to sign a data access agreement.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No