Aerobic Exercise With Diet Induces Hormonal, Metabolic, and Psychological Changes

Aerobic Exercise With Diet Induces Hormonal, Metabolic, and Psychological Changes in Postmenopausal Elderly Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial

PURPOSE:

to determine the effect of aerobic exercise training and diet on sex hormones , insulin resistance and depression and if is there correlation between these factors effect in postmenopausal obese women

BACKGROUND:

The practice of regular physical activity is recommended worldwide by different public health agencies for primary or secondary prevention of many health problems, including cancers. In particular, physical activity is associated with a 25 % reduction in the average risk of cardiovascular diseases among women, and this protective effect appears to be independent of menopausal status. Many interrelated biological mechanisms may underlie this association, such as the effect of physical activity on glucose metabolism, inflammation, immune function, and sex hormones. Indeed, endogenous sex hormones, particularly estrogens, seem to be involved in the initiation, promotion, and progression of tumors. Prolonged exposure to high endogenous hormone levels is considered one of the main risk factors for female breast cancer, with a relative risk of 2.00 (95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.47-2.71) for postmenopausal women with the highest estradiol levels . Several observational studies have found an inverse association between physical activity and circulating estrogen levels . This effect may be mediated by the decrease in fat mass, the main source of estrogens in postmenopausal women. It may also be mediated by the disruption of the menstrual cycle before menopause , especially when exercise is associated with low energy intakes. However, the assessment of the exposure to physical activity remains imprecise, because it is generally only possible to measure it in naturally living subjects using questionnaires

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HYPOTHESES:

may have no Correlation between sex hormones and insulin resistance and depression in response to exercise and diet in postmenopausal obese women

RESEARCH QUESTION:

Is there Correlation between sex hormones and insulin resistance and depression in response to exercise and diet in postmenopausal obese women?

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Depression; Insulin Resistance; Elderly; Hormones
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: aerobic exercise and diet program; Other: diet program

Detailed Description

It is an interventional study in which 60 women estimated to enrol according to random allocation and assigned into two groups equal. The study group will receive aerobic exercises in addition to diet recommendations while the control group will receive diet recommendations. the aerobic exercises in form of treadmill training intensity of exercises high intensity, target heart rate (THR) will be60-70% of heart maximum (HR MAX)time of session 40 min initial 10 min warm up exercises on treadmill in low intensity and active phase20- 30 min intensity will increase until patient reach to THR then intensity decrease until session will be ended by cooling down phase for 10 min . The volunteers will perform exercises 3 times per week for 12 weeks .insulin resistance will be measured by HOMA -IR index and sex hormones (estridol ,testosterone. sex hormone binding globin ) pre and post intervention and use zung self-rating depression scale to assess depression

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Dokki
    • Cairo, Dokki, Egypt, 11432
      • Faculty of Physical Therapy

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 55 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

- Inclusion criteria

• Sixty Postmenopausal women (55-65 y)
• Body mass index (BMI) ranged from 35to 39.9 kg/m2
• Postmenopausal more than 2 years

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclusion criteria

  • women receiving weight-reduction interventions
  • taking lipid lowering drugs
  • regular medications(e.g., β-blockers, α-blockers, digoxin, diuretics, aspirin, nitrates, Presently using sex hormones)
  • having active chronic illness (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism, and inflammatory bowel disease) and diabetes mellitus or other (unstable) endocrine-related diseases
  • cognitive impairment that will make it difficult to partake in the study
  • presence of malignant disease
  • blood donation within the last 30 days
  • Participation as a subject in any type of study or research during the prior 90 days
  • smoking

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: aerobic exercise and diet program; aerobic exercise with balanced restricted diet	Other: aerobic exercise and diet program; It is an interventional study in which 60 women estimated to enrol according to random allocation and assigned into two groups equal. The study group will receive aerobic exercises in addition to diet recommendations while the control group will receive diet recommendations. the aerobic exercises in form of treadmill training intensity of exercises high intensity, target heart rate (THR) will be60-70% of heart maximum (HR MAX)time of session 40 min initial 10 min warm up exercise on treadmill in low intensity and active phase20- 30 min intensity will increase until patient reach to THR then intensity decrease until session will be ended by cooling down phase for 10 min . The volunteers will perform exercises 3 times per week for 12 weeks .insulin resistance will be measured by HOMA -IR index and sex hormones (estridol ,testosterone. sex hormone binding globin ) pre and post intervention and use zung self-rating depression scale to assess depression
Active Comparator: diet program; balanced restricted diet	Other: diet program; balanced restricted diet

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
sex hormones	sex hormones levels by blood analysis	12 weeks
insulin resistance	insulin resistance by HOMA-IR	12 weeks
depression	depression levels by SDS scale	12 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cairo University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: marwa M elsayed, Cairo university faculty of physical therapy

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Elsayed MM, El Refaye GE, Rabiee A, Abouzeid S, Elsisi HF. Aerobic exercise with diet induces hormonal, metabolic, and psychological changes in postmenopausal obese women. Heliyon. 2022 Mar 24;8(3):e09165. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09165. eCollection 2022 Mar.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): April 20, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 16, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 16, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): November 29, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 9, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 7, 2023
• Last Verified: May 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance
• Other Study ID Numbers: no: P.T.REC/012/002774

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: sharing data with other researchers
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: 5 years after publication
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: published journal

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No