The Effect of Cartoon Watching During Central Venous Catheter Dressing Changes in Children With Cancer

The Effect of Cartoon Watching on Anxiety and Pain During Central Venous Catheter Dressing Changes in Children With Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Many medical interventions, including dressing change of central venous catheters, can cause anxiety and pain in children with cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of cartoon watching technique on anxiety and pain during central venous catheter dressing changes in children with cancer.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Pain; Anxiety
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Watching Cartoon

Detailed Description

This was a parallel randomized controlled trial with 80 children with cancer. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups, including 40 children in the control group and 40 children in the cartoon group.

Each child's anxiety was evaluated by the child using the Children's Fear Scale before, during and after central venous catheter dressing changes, and each child's pain during and after the procedure was evaluated by the child using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. Each child's heart rate and oxygen saturation were measured with a pulse oximeter device before, during and after the procedure.

The children in the cartoon group started watching a cartoon of their choice 2 minutes before the procedure and they kept watching until the procedure was ended.

No intervention was performed to reduce anxiety and pain for children in the control group.

Parent was with their children during the procedure in both groups.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 80
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Burdur, Turkey
    • Pınar BEKAR

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 5 years to 12 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 5-12 years old
• a cancer diagnosis
• having a central venous catheter
• not having taken any analgesics in the 6 hours before the procedure
• not having any visual or auditory problems that prevent watching cartoons
• being suitable motor development and cognitive level for watching cartoons
• being a child and parent volunteering to participate in the study
• the absence of any health problems that prevent communication in the parent and the child

Exclusion Criteria:

• the reporting of pain for another reason at the time of the central venous catheter dressing changes
• being of neutropenia
• being in a terminal phase of the disease

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Cartoon Group; Children in the cartoon group before the procedure, they chose one of the cartoons predetermined by the researchers. The children in the cartoon group started watching a cartoon of their choice 2 minutes before the procedure and they kept watching until the procedure was ended. Parent was with their children during the procedure in both groups.	Behavioral: Watching Cartoon; Children in the cartoon group before the procedure, they chose one of the cartoons predetermined by the researchers. The children in the cartoon group started watching a cartoon of their choice 2 minutes before the procedure and they kept watching until the procedure was ended.
No Intervention: Control Group; No intervention was performed to reduce anxiety and pain for children in the control group. Parent was with their children during the procedure in both groups.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale	Each child's pain during and after the procedure was evaluated with the "Wong Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale" by the child. The scale consists of faces ranging from no hurt (0) to hurts worst (10)	4 MONTHS

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Children's Fear Scale	Each child's anxiety was evaluated with the "Children's Fear Scale" before, during and after the procedure by the child. It consists of five facial expressions representing a range from no anxiety (0) to severe anxiety (4).	4 MONTHS
Heart Rate	The heart rate and oxygen saturation values of the children in both groups were measured and recorded by the researcher before the procedure, during the procedure and after the procedure using a pulse oximeter device.	4 MONTHS
Oxygen Saturation	The heart rate and oxygen saturation values of the children in both groups were measured and recorded by the researcher before the procedure, during the procedure and after the procedure using a pulse oximeter device.	4 MONTHS

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mehmet Akif Ersoy University
• Investigators: Study Director: Emine EFE, Prof.Dr., Akdeniz University, Department of Child Health and Disease Nursing

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 1, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 28, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): February 28, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 20, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 20, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): March 29, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 10, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 7, 2022
• Last Verified: August 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Child; Cancer; Pain; Anxiety; Central Venous Catheter; Cartoon
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Anxiety Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: KAEK-610

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No