Heterologous Boost Immunization with Ad5-nCoV After Three-dose Priming with an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine

Immunogenicity and Safety of the Heterologous Prime-boost Immunization with an Adenovirus Type-5 Vector-based COVID-19 Vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) After Three-dose Priming with an Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Adults Aged 18 Years and Above: a Randomized, Open-label, Parallel-controlled Clinical Trial

This is an open-label, randomized, parallel-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous prime-boost immunization with an aerosolized (Ad5-nCoV-IH) or intramuscular (Ad5-nCoV-IM) Ad5-nCoV after three-dose priming with an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine (CoronaVac) in adults aged 18 years and above. A total of 360 subjects will be included. Approximately 210 subjects who have completed three doses of CoronaVac more than 6 months ago in the prior clinical trial and other 150 eligible subjects will be recruited and randomized respectively in a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive a booster dose of Ad5-nCoV-IH or Ad5-nCoV-IM or ICV. The occurrence of adverse reactions within 28 days and serious adverse events within 6 months after vaccination will be observed in all participants. In addition, blood and saliva samples will be collected from all participants on the day 0 before and 14, 28 days and 3, 6 months after the booster vaccination. Each subject will remain in this study for approximately 6 months.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: COVID-19
• Intervention / Treatment: Biological: Ad5-nCoV-IH; Biological: Ad5-nCoV-IM; Biological: CoronaVac

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 362
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• China
  • Jiangsu
    • Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
      • Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Health subjects aged ≥18 years
• The subject can provide with informed consent and sign informed consent form (ICF).
• The subjects are able to and willing to comply with the requirements of the clinical trial program and could complete the 6-month follow-up of the study.
• Participants who have received three-dose of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine more than 6 months ago.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Have the medical history or family history of convulsion, epilepsy, encephalopathy and psychosis.
• Be allergic to any component of the research vaccines, or used to have a history of hypersensitivity or serious reactions to vaccination.
• Vaccine-related SAE occurred after previous vaccination with COVID-19 vaccine.
• Women with positive urine pregnancy test or in lactation.
• Have acute febrile diseases or infectious diseases or have a history of SARS.
• Axillary temperature>37.0℃
• Have serious cardiovascular diseases, such as arrhythmia, conduction block, myocardial infarction, severe hypertension that cannot be controlled by medication (systolic blood pressure ≥180mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥110mmHg when measured in the field)
• Have severe chronic diseases or condition is not stable, such as asthma, diabetes, thyroid disease
• Congenital or acquired angioedema / neuroedema.
• Have the history of urticaria 1 year before.
• Have asplenia or functional asplenia.
• Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis and other pulmonary abnormalities.
• Have history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19.
• Have symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection.
• Have traveled to medium or high risk areas or traveled abroad in the past 21 days, and epidemiologically contacted with SARS-CoV-2.
• Any medical, psychological, social, or other conditions that, in the investigator's judgment, are inconsistent with the protocol or affect the subject's informed consent.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group A; Approximately 70 subjects recruited from the prior clinical trial and newly enrolled 50 subjects will receive a booster dose of aerosolized Ad5-nCoV after three-dose priming with ICV	Biological: Ad5-nCoV-IH; The orally aerosolized Ad5-nCoV is a replication defective Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine expressing the full-length spike gene of wide-type SARS-CoV-2, Wuhan-Hu-1. The Ad5-nCoV vaccine was supplied in 1.5mL/vial, at a concentration of 1.0 × 1011 viral particles per mL as a liquid formulation. 0.1 ml of Ad5-nCoV vaccine will be aerosolized by using Continuous Vapouring System. Then, the aerosolized droplets will be poured into a disposable suction cup and be inhaled by participants through mouth.; Other Names: aerosolized Ad5-nCoV; Convidecia
Experimental: Group B; Approximately 70 subjects recruited from the prior clinical trial and newly enrolled 50 subjects will receive a booster dose of intramuscular Ad5-nCoV after three-dose priming with CoronaVac	Biological: Ad5-nCoV-IM; The Ad5-nCoV is a replication defective Ad5 vectored COVID-19 vaccine expressing the full-length spike gene of wide-type SARS-CoV-2, Wuhan-Hu-1. It was supplied in 1·5mL/vial, at a concentration of 1.0 × 1011 viral particles per mL as a liquid formulation. Participants will be administrated 0.5ml（5×1010VP）of Ad5-nCoV vaccine intramuscularly.; Other Names: intramuscular Ad5-nCoV
Experimental: Group C; Approximately 70 subjects recruited from the prior clinical trial and newly enrolled 50 subjects will receive homologous fourth dose of CoronaVac.	Biological: CoronaVac; CoronaVac is an inactivated whole-virion vaccine with aluminium hydroxide as the adjuvant, prepared with a novel coronavirus (CZ02 strain) inoculated in African green monkey kidney cells (Vero cells). One dose of CoronaVac contains 3 μg of SARS-CoV-2 virion in a 0.5 mL aqueous suspension for injection with 0.45 mg/mL of aluminium.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of adverse reactions within 28 days after the booster dose	Incidence of adverse reactions within 28 days after the booster dose.	Within 28 days the booster dose
GMT of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose.	GMT of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose.	On day 28 after the booster dose

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of adverse reactions within 30 minutes after the booster dose.	Incidence of adverse reactions within 30 minutes after the booster dose.	Within 30 minutes after the booster dose
Incidence of adverse reactions within 14 days after the booster dose.	Incidence of adverse reactions within 14 days after the booster dose.	Within 14 days after the booster dose
Incidence of adverse events within 28 days after the booster dose.	Incidence of adverse events within 28 days after the booster dose.	Within 28 days after the booster dose
Geometric Mean Fold Increase (GMI) and seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose.	GMI and seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose in immunogenicity cohort.	On day 28 after the boost vaccination
GMT, GMI and seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 14, month 3 and 6 after the booster dose.	GMT, GMI and seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus as compared to baseline on day 14, month 3 and 6 after the booster dose.	On day 14, month 3 and 6 after the booster dose
Geometric mean concentration (GMC), GMI and seroconversion of anti-SARS-CoV-2 NP-specific, RBD-specific and NTD-specific IgG measured by ELISA on day 14, day 28 and month 3 and 6 after the booster dose.	Geometric mean concentration (GMC), GMI and seroconversion of anti-SARS-CoV-2 NP-specific, RBD-specific and NTD-specific IgG measured by ELISA on day 14, day 28 and month 3 and 6 after the booster dose.	On day 14, day 28 and month 3 and 6 after the booster dose
Incidence of serious adverse events (SAE) until 6 months after the booster dose.	Incidence of SAE until 6 months after booster vaccination.	Within 6 months after the booster dose

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
GMT, GMI and seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against VOC/VOI of SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose.	GMT, GMI and seroconversion of neutralizing antibodies against VOC/VOI of SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose.	On day 28 after the booster dose
The levels of IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2 secreted by specific T cells stimulated with a peptide pool covering the full-length spike glycoprotein on day 14 after the booster vaccination.	The levels of IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2 secreted by specific T cells stimulated with a peptide pool covering the full-length spike glycoprotein on day 14 after the booster vaccination.	On day 14 after the booster vaccination
The levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific binding IgA in saliva on day 14, day 28 and month 3 and 6 after the booster dose.	The levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific binding IgA in saliva on day 14, day 28 and month 3 and 6 after the booster dose.	On day 28 after the booster dose
GMT and GMI of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose stratified by age (aged 18-59 years and over 60 years).	GMT and GMI of neutralizing antibodies against live SARS-CoV-2 virus on day 28 after the booster dose stratified by age (aged 18-59 years and over 60 years).	On day 28 after the booster dose
The levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 N protein binding IgG on day 14 after the booster dose.	The levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 N protein binding IgG on day 14 after the booster dose.	On day 14 after the booster dose
The GMT of neutralizing antibodies against the Ad5 before vaccination and any exploratory analyses of other indicators stratified by pre-existing anti-Ad5 NAb titres at baseline（>1:200，≤1:200）	The GMT of neutralizing antibodies against the Ad5 before vaccination and any exploratory analyses of other indicators stratified by pre-existing anti-Ad5 NAb titres at baseline（>1:200，≤1:200）	On day 0 before the booster dose

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Jingxin Li, PhD, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 23, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 20, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): May 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 22, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 22, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): March 31, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 19, 2025
• Last Verified: February 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; Safety; Immunogenicity; Inactivated Vaccine; Ad5-nCoV
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Respiratory Tract Infections; Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; COVID-19
• Other Study ID Numbers: JSVCT153

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No