The Effect Of Balance Training With Dual Task On Cognitive Status And Functionality In Elderly (geriatric)

Aging is a dynamic process that affects motor and cognitive functions. Activities of daily living and functionality, including dual task performance, are also negatively affected by these functions. The purpose of this study is to determine of balance training with dual task on cognitive function and functionality.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Geriatrics; Balance; Dual Task; Functionality; Cognitive Functions
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Dual task exercises

Detailed Description

While physiological changes occur at the level of cells, tissues and systems with aging, these changes are reflected in motor and cognitive functions. The decrease in motor functions can be cause as balance and fall problems, which are the most serious and frequently encountered problems among the elderly. Especially the fall is one of the main reasons causing the elderly to be hospitalized in the hospital and nursing home.

Balance system is one of the most affected by aging process. The balance is maintained by receiving input from several systems, for this reason it is the system that is easily and primarily affected by changes in any of these inputs. Balance disorders have been shown to be risk factor for falling in elderly. Studies have shown that balance training has been observed to improve postural control, so it is especially recommended for to reduce risk and rate of falls in the elderly.

While general cognitive capacity decreases with aging, information processing, use and recall performance is lower than younger. Therefore, elderly have difficulty in tasks that require the use of more than one information at same time.

In daily life, a motor function is often accompanied by another task. Dual task performance is a secondary motor or cognitive task that must be implemented during a main task. Therefore, ın order for the exercises to be functional, it is not enough to be focused only on motor skills, besides adding a motor or cognitive dual task is more effective than exercise alone.

The changes in neuromusculoskeletal and movement-related functions during the aging process causes a decrease in functional ability. Most daily activities require the management of motor-cognitive tasks while simultaneously processing external information. The ability to perform in daily life activities decline in elderly.

Investigators hypothesized that balance exercises with dual task would show greater significant improvements functionality and cognitive improvements than the balance exercises only.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 29
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey
    • Tuğçe Poyraz Isleyen

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 61 years and older (Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being between the ages of 65-85
• Being able to communicate
• Able to walk without mobility aids
• Be volunteer for intervention

Exclusion Criteria:

• Cognitive impairment (<17 point on the Minimal Mental State Examination )
• In physiotherapy treatment that trains balance
• Balance impairment (< 20 point on the berg balance test)
• having an orthopedic problem that may affect balance performance

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: balance exercise group; The balance program was performed on soft and hard surface. Firstly the participants started the exercises on hard ground while standing. Postural balance program consisted of static and dynamic functional balance exercises (hıp flexion, hıp abduciton, semitandem stance, one leg stance, toe tips lifting). Afterwards exercises were performed on soft surface. Three sets of eight to ten repetitions of each exercise in a slow, controlled manner were performed. This section was completed 30 minitues.	Other: Dual task exercises; Dual tasks, often also referred to as secondary tasks, present an objective-direct measurement in which two tasks are to be performed simultaneously to observe performance drops in either task.; Other Names: balance exercise group
Experimental: Dual task exercises; Dual task exercises are in two forms as motor dual task and cognitive dual task. In this study we used cognitive secondary task exercises. In addition to the exercises applied by the balance exercise group, a cognitive task was added. Participants in this group tried to count 4, 5 and 7 back from 100 while practicing balance exercises. The balance program was performed on soft and hard surface. Firstly the participants started the exercises on hard ground while standing. Postural balance program consisted of static and dynamic functional balance exercises (hıp flexion, hıp abduciton, semitandem stance, one leg stance, toe tips lifting). Afterwards exercises were performed on soft surface. Three sets of eight to ten repetitions of each exercise in a slow, controlled manner were performed. This section was completed 30 minitues.	Other: Dual task exercises; Dual tasks, often also referred to as secondary tasks, present an objective-direct measurement in which two tasks are to be performed simultaneously to observe performance drops in either task.; Other Names: balance exercise group

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE)	Cognitive Functioning Test	7 minutes
The Functional Independence Measure (FIM)	Functionality Test	10 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Berg Balance Scale (BBS)	Balance Test	5 minutes
The "Timed Up and Go" test (TUG)	Physical function test	3 minutes
Timed sit to stand test (TSST)	Physical function test	2 minutes
Ten meters walk test (TMTWT)	Physical function test	3 minutes
Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment(POMA)	task-oriented test that measures an older adult's gait and balance abilities.	15 minutes
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)	Cognitive Function Assesment	10 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Bahçeşehir University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 28, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): October 28, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 12, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 12, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): April 18, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 22, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 15, 2022
• Last Verified: April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 10840098-604.01.01-E.7685

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No