- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05337098
Non-Nutritive Sweetener Consumption and Glucose Homeostasis in Older Adults With Prediabetes
April 10, 2024 updated by: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Non-Nutritive Sweetener Consumption (Aspartame and Sucralose) and Glucose Homeostasis in Older Adults With Prediabetes
Animal and observational research in humans suggest that specific types of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) may impair glycemic control.
However, whether NNS consumption impacts glucose homeostasis in middle-aged/older adults with prediabetes is unknown, and potential mechanisms by which this could occur have yet to be identified.
The overall objective of this R21 proposal is to establish proof-of-concept for alterations in glucose homeostasis following intake of sucralose, but not aspartame, in middle-aged/older adults with prediabetes compared to a eucaloric diet with no NNS.
Study Overview
Status
Recruiting
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Observational research has linked intake of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS), which are consumed daily by ~50% of middle-aged/older U.S. adults, with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
This risk may be exacerbated by advancing age, which is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and increased risk of T2D.
Current T2D prevention recommendations related to NNS usage are unclear and confusing; use as an alternative to added sugar intake is suggested but long-term NNS use is discouraged despite minimal research to support this recommendation.
Animal and observational human studies suggest detrimental effects of some NNS on glucose homeostasis.
Longer-term human studies largely demonstrate null findings.
Differences in study design and a lack of rigor in existing research contribute to inconclusive findings.
In addition, NNS are often studied as a single entity yet types of NNS vary in their absorption and metabolism (e.g., the two most commonly consumed NNS, sucralose and aspartame).
Whether NNS consumption impacts glucose homeostasis in middle-aged/older adults with prediabetes is unknown, and potential mechanisms by which this could occur have yet to be identified.
The overall objective of this R21 proposal is to establish proof-of-concept for alterations in glucose homeostasis following intake of sucralose, but not aspartame, in middle-aged/older adults with prediabetes compared to a eucaloric diet with no NNS.
We will investigate changes in inflammatory markers as potential mechanisms by which sucralose intake influences glucose homeostasis.
Following a 2-week eucaloric lead-in diet, 51 middle-aged/older adults (50+ yrs) with prediabetes will be randomly assigned to 1 of 3 controlled feeding conditions for 6 weeks (17 participants per group): sucralose, aspartame, or a control group (no NNS).
Standardized diets will be matched for macronutrients (50% carbohydrate, 35% fat, 15% protein) and other variables to avoid the potential confounds of weight change and dietary factors which may influence study outcomes (e.g., added sugars).
All groups will receive identical diets, other than the additional NNS for the two NNS groups.
24-hr glycemic control using continuous glucose monitoring and insulin sensitivity and beta cell function via oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), serum endotoxin, and inflammatory cytokines, including C-reactive protein, will be measured before and following the 6-week dietary treatment period.
This research may have clinical practice and policy implications by informing U.S. dietary guidelines and guidelines for T2D prevention, which devote minimal attention to NNS and provide unclear guidance on NNS use due largely to a lack of rigorously-designed controlled feeding trials.
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Estimated)
51
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Contact
- Name: Elaina Marinik, PhD
- Phone Number: 540-231-0923
- Email: emarinik@vt.edu
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Valisa Hedrick, PhD
- Phone Number: 540-231-7983
- Email: vhedrick@vt.edu
Study Locations
-
-
Virginia
-
Blacksburg, Virginia, United States, 24061
- Recruiting
- Virginia Tech
-
Contact:
- Valisa Hedrick, PhD
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
50 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 50+ years
- Prediabetic (fasting glucose concentration of 100-125 mg/dL, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test glucose concentration of 140-199 mg/dL, or a HbA1c value of 5.7% to 6.4%)
- Weight stable for previous 6 months (±2 kg)
- BMI <40 kg/m2
- Sedentary to recreationally active
- No plans to gain/lose weight or change physical activity level
- Willing to pick up food daily and consume foods provided for an 8-week period
- Verbal and written informed consent
- Approval by Medical Director
- Consume less than one serving of non-nutritive sweetener per week
Exclusion Criteria:
- BMI >40 kg/m2
- Diabetes or diabetes medication
- Antibiotic, prebiotic or prebiotic use in prior 3 months
- Uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure (BP) > 159/99 mmHg)
- Diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease
- Past or current heart diseases, stroke, respiratory disease, endocrine or metabolic disease, or hematological-oncological disease
- Vegetarian or vegan
- Pregnant or plans to become pregnant
- Breastfeeding
- Food allergies or aversions, Phenylketonuria (PKU)
- Estrogen or testosterone usage
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Triple
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Active Comparator: Aspartame
Controlled feeding study.
Dosage of aspartame will follow 50% of the acceptable daily intake (equivalent to 25 mg/kg for aspartame).
This amount represents 1,500 mg/day of aspartame for a 60 kg adult.
|
Provision of either aspartame, sucralose, or control with no non-nutritive sweeteners to a controlled feeding study to determine impacts on glucose homeostasis.
|
Active Comparator: Sucralose
Controlled feeding study.
Dosage of sucralose will follow 50% of the acceptable daily intake (equivalent to 2.5 mg/kg for sucralose).
This amount represents 150 mg/day of sucralose for a 60 kg adult.
|
Provision of either aspartame, sucralose, or control with no non-nutritive sweeteners to a controlled feeding study to determine impacts on glucose homeostasis.
|
Sham Comparator: No NNS
Controlled feeding study with no non-nutritive sweeteners.
|
Provision of either aspartame, sucralose, or control with no non-nutritive sweeteners to a controlled feeding study to determine impacts on glucose homeostasis.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
24-hour glycemic control
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
The area under the curve (AUC) glucose concentrations, mg/dl from the continuous glucose monitoring at baseline and follow-up will be used
|
6 weeks
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Oral glucose tolerance
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
Oral glucose tolerance in response to 75 g glucose load; levels of glucose mg/dl will be determined 2 hrs after consuming a 75 glucose load
|
6 weeks
|
Insulin Sensitivity
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
Insulin uU/mL concentrations from the oral glucose tolerance test at baseline and follow-up will be used
|
6 weeks
|
Serum Endotoxin
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
Serum endotoxin mg/L concentrations will be measured at baseline and follow-up
|
6 weeks
|
C-reactive protein
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
C-reactive protein mg/dL concentrations will be measured at baseline and follow-up
|
6 weeks
|
Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
Inflammatory cytokine: Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha pg/mL concentrations will be measured at baseline and follow-up
|
6 weeks
|
Interleukin 6
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
Inflammatory cytokine: Interleukin 6 pg/mL concentrations will be measured at baseline and follow-up
|
6 weeks
|
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
Time Frame: 6 weeks
|
Inflammatory cytokine: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 pg/mL concentrations will be measured at baseline and follow-up
|
6 weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Valisa Hedrick, PhD, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
April 18, 2023
Primary Completion (Estimated)
February 28, 2025
Study Completion (Estimated)
February 28, 2025
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
March 4, 2022
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
April 19, 2022
First Posted (Actual)
April 20, 2022
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
April 12, 2024
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
April 10, 2024
Last Verified
April 1, 2024
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 1R21AG075344-01 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
YES
IPD Plan Description
De-identified study data will be posted to Virginia Tech's data repository, VTechData (https:// data.lib.vt.edu/).
Datasets selected for sharing will be made accessible through VTechData, managed by the University Libraries at Virginia Tech.
VTechData highlights, preserves, and provides access to data generated at Virginia Tech.
The system relies on item/dataset level metadata as the primary building block to data discovery, access, and reuse.
Published datasets are to be made accessible for at least five years.
IPD Sharing Time Frame
Data will be available following completion of the trial and will be available for at least 5 years
IPD Sharing Access Criteria
Access to trial IPD can be requested by qualified researchers engaging in independent scientific research, and will be provided following review and approval of a research proposal and Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) and execution of a Data Sharing Agreement (DSA).
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on Insulin Sensitivity
-
Paloma Almeda-ValdésCompleted
-
Ingredion IncorporatedUnknownFocus of the Study is Insulin SensitivityUnited States
-
University of Colorado, DenverRecruitingEndothelial Dysfunction | Vascular Stiffness | Insulin Sensitivity/Resistance | TransgenderismUnited States
-
University of Texas, El PasoCompletedInsulin Sensitivity/ResistanceUnited States
-
Rigshospitalet, DenmarkUnknownInsulin Sensitivity and Lipid Metabolism
-
Maastricht University Medical CenterCompletedVascular Function | Nitrate | Brain Insulin-sensitivityNetherlands
-
University of Alabama at BirminghamNot yet recruitingCardiovascular Diseases | Obesity | Insulin Sensitivity/Resistance | Metabolic Disease | Energy Expenditure | MetabolismUnited States
-
University Hospital TuebingenCompletedInsulin SensitivityGermany
-
University of CopenhagenCompleted
-
Marjukka KolehmainenKuopio University HospitalCompleted
Clinical Trials on Non-Nutritive Sweetener Intake and impact on glucose homeostasis
-
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityNational Institute on Aging (NIA)RecruitingInsulin Sensitivity | Inflammatory Markers | Continuous Glucose Monitoring | Oral Glucose ToleranceUnited States
-
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion...CompletedGut Microbiota | GLP-1Mexico
-
Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion...Completed
-
Paloma Almeda-ValdésCompleted
-
University of Illinois at ChicagoAbbott NutritionCompleted
-
Baylor College of MedicineNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Completed
-
University of WashingtonSeattle Children's HospitalCompleted
-
University of AberdeenRecruitingScot Sweet Study (Interaction of a Non-nutritive Sweetener With a High-fibre Weight Loss Diet) (SSS)Appetitive BehaviorUnited Kingdom
-
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases...Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale. Kinshasa, République Démocratique...RecruitingMonkeypoxCongo, The Democratic Republic of the
-
The University of Tennessee, KnoxvilleWithdrawn