Patient Journey Application for Discontinuing Inappropriate PPI Use: a Randomized Controlled Trial (SUPPORT)

Rationale/objective: This study hypothesizes that offering patient-tailored and dosed information on PPI discontinuation in patients with inappropriate chronic PPI use will result in an increased discontinuation rate when compared to a conventional information folder offering all information on discontinuing inappropriate PPI use at once.

Study design: Multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Study population: A minimum 152 patients with chronic PPI use without a valid indication for chronic PPI use according to the NHG-guidelines will be included. Possible participants will be identified at the outpatient clinics of the departments of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Nephrology in the Radboud University Medical Center, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital and Sint Maartenskliniek.

Intervention: Timely informing patients on discontinuing PPI use through the Patient Journey App.

Control: Conventional information, consisting of an online information folder on discontinuing PPI use.

Inclusion criteria:

• Patients with daily PPI use for at least 4 weeks;
• Age 18-70 years.

Exclusion criteria:

• Chronic PPI indication according to NHG-guidelines;
• Chronic PPI indication according to treating physician, despite absence of chronic PPI indication according to NHG-guidelines;
• Patients that underwent anti-reflux surgery;
• No understanding of the study or study procedures including the digital application (smartphone/computer skills);
• No smartphone/computer available;
• No informed consent;
• Limited life span.

Primary end point:

- Discontinuation of PPI use at 2-month follow-up, defined as self-declared intake of a maximum of 1 tablet in the previous 14 days.

Secondary end points:

• Upper gastrointestinal symptoms or disorders that are potentially related to discontinuation of PPI use, subdivided as:

  • Upper gastrointestinal symptoms as measured by the Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Score (PAGI-SYM);
  • Any upper gastrointestinal event that requires a doctor's visit or hospitalization.

• Potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of PPIs, subdivided as:

  • Most prevalent (1-10%) ADRs according to the Medicines Evaluation Board1: obstipation, diarrhea, meteorism, abdominal pain, nausea/vomitus, headache;
  • Other potential ADRs requiring a doctor's visit or hospitalization. The following disorders are considered as potentially related to PPI use: any pneumonia, gastroenteritis, vitamin B12 deficiency, iron deficiency, calcium deficiency, fractures, acute interstitial nephritis or hypomagnesaemia.
• Frequency of PPI use, measured monthly during follow-up, measured as number of PPI tablets per month;
• Start of new medication for upper gastrointestinal symptoms, other than PPI (e.g., antacids, H2-blockers, analgesics, anti-emetics);
• Association between successful discontinuation and variables such as gender, age, fear of ADRs, occurrence of potential ADRs or occurrence of rebound effect;
• Change in lifestyle (BMI, smoking status and alcohol usage);
• Patient Journey App usability as measured by the System Usability Score (SUS);
• Self-management behavior as measured by the short Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13);
• Recurrent PPI use, defined as the intake of more than 1 PPI tablet in the previous 14 days measured as self-declared intake during follow-up after successful discontinuation during follow-up.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Proton Pump Inhibitor; Inappropriate Drug Use; Discontinuation; E-health
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Patient Journey App; Other: Information folder

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 163
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Netherlands
  • Gelderland
    • Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands
      • Radboud University Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with daily PPI use for at least 4 weeks;
• Age 18-70 years.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Chronic PPI indication according to NHG-guidelines;
• Chronic PPI indication according to treating physician, despite absence of chronic PPI indication according to NHG-guidelines;
• Patients that underwent anti-reflux surgery;
• No understanding of the study or study procedures including the digital application (smartphone/computer skills);
• No smartphone/computer available;
• No informed consent;
• Limited life span.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Interventional group (Patient Journey App); The interventional group will receive all information and instructions on discontinuing PPI use through the Patient Journey App.	Other: Patient Journey App; The group will receive all information and insctructions on discontinuing PPI use through the Patient Journey App which timely deliveres all information.
Active Comparator: Control group (Conventional Care); The control group will receive all information and instructions on discontinuing PPI use through email as a digital information folder.	Other: Information folder; The group will receive all information and instructions on discontinuing PPI use through an information folder.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Discontinuation rate	Succesful discontinuation of PPI use	At 2 months follow-up

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Upper gastrointestinal symptoms	Change in upper gastrointestinal symptoms or disorders that are potentially related to discontinuation of PPI use	2 monthly up to 12 months
Adverse drug reactions	Change in potential adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of PPIs	2 monthly up to 12 months
Frequency of PPI use	Change in frequency of PPI use	Monthly up to 12 months
New medication	Start of new medication for upper gastrointestinal symptoms, other than PPI (e.g., antacids, H2-blockers, analgesics, anti-emetics)	Monthly up to 12 months
Association betwee succesful discontinuation of PPIs and patient characteristics	Association between successful discontinuation and variables such as gender, age, fear of ADRs, occurrence of potential ADRs or occurrence of rebound effect. Fear of ADRs will be evaluated at baseline as a yes/no question. Occurrence of potential ADRs will be measured at 2 months follow-up by asking if patients experience adverse drug reactions that have been registered in 1-10% of users. Occurrence of rebound effect will be measured according to the PAGI-SYM questionnaire.	At 2 months follow-up
Lifestyle change	Change in lifestyle (BMI, smoking status and alcohol usage)	2 monthly up to 12 months
App usability	Patient Journey App usability as measured by the System Usability Score (SUS)	At 4 months follow-up
Self-management behavior	Change in self-management behavior as measured by the short Patient Activation Measure (PAM-13)	2 monthly up to 12 months
Recurrent PPI use	Recurrent PPI use	Monthly up to 12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Radboud University Medical Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 11, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): July 11, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 5, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 20, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): April 27, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): November 22, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 21, 2023
• Last Verified: April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: N21.079

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No