Virtual Reality Application on Pain Intensity and Anxiety Level in Endoscopy Patients

December 3, 2025 updated by: Gülcan Bahçecioğlu Turan, Ataturk University

The Effect of Virtual Reality Application on Pain Intensity and Anxiety Level in Endoscopy Patients

In contemporary medicine, endoscopic procedures are often regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal illnesses due to the essential role they play in these processes. Endoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that allows direct visualization of the gastrointestinal tract using a flexible, camera-equipped instrument.However, due to their invasive nature, these methods pose certain challenges for both healthcare professionals and patients. In particular, the physical discomfort and pain experienced during the procedure can lead to a negative attitude toward the process in patients, which can indirectly affect the success of the procedure .Despite the fact that a number of studies have examined the impact of virtual reality applications on pain and anxiety during endoscopy, the conclusions remain inconsistent. Moreover, relatively few studies have assessed physiological signs of anxiety. Therefore, uncertainties remain regarding the generalizability of existing findings. The present study aimed to examine the effect of virtual reality application on pain, anxiety, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing endoscopy.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

This study includes the examination of the effect of applying virtual reality interventions, which are used for the treatment of anxiety problems, to patients who will undergo bronchoscopy. For this purpose, first of all, a relaxation intervention will be designed in a virtual reality environment. The virtual reality environment will be organized on the basis of relaxation exercise. In this direction, first of all, an image will be created by taking 3D modeling service and the text of the relaxation exercise prepared in the presence of a professional sound artist will be transferred to the image with sound.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

78

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 75 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Eligible individuals were adults aged 18 or older, capable of effective communication, and scheduled for non-sedated oral gastroduodenoscopy (OGD).

Exclusion criteria included emergency endoscopy, neurological conditions (e.g., migraine, vertigo, chronic headaches), or sensory impairments affecting hearing or vision.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Virtual Reality Based Relaxation Program
Other: Virtual Reality Based Relaxation Program
Virtual Reality Based Relaxation Program
No Intervention: Control group
Routine maintenance will be applied.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale
Time Frame: 1 hours later
Visual Analog Scale is used to convert some values that cannot be measured numerically into digital. Two end definitions of the parameter to be evaluated are written at the two ends of a 100 mm line and the patient is asked to indicate where on this line their situation is appropriate by drawing a line or by placing a dot or pointing.0 points means no pain, 100 points means a lot of pain
1 hours later
Anxiety Assessment Scale
Time Frame: 1 hours later
Patients will be asked to show their anxiety levels before and after the procedure on a 10 cm long horizontal line. Line has 0 at the beginning and 10 at the end. 10 means very extreme anxiety and 0 means no anxiety.
1 hours later
Physiological Symptoms of Anxiety Follow-up Form
Time Frame: 1 hours later
This form was created by the researcher to record blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and peripheral oxygen saturation value.
1 hours later

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ataturk University

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Gülcan Bahçecioğlu Turan, PhD, Firat University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

September 5, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 30, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

June 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 22, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 14, 2022

First Posted (Actual)

October 19, 2022

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

December 9, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 3, 2025

Last Verified

December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2022/ 04 - 22

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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