Hematological Factors and Iron Status in Aerobic Versus Anaerobic Training in Athletic Females

Hematological Factors and Iron Status in Aerobic Versus Anaerobic Training in Athletic Females: An Observational Study

This study aimed to evaluate the hematological factors and iron status in aerobic versus anaerobic training in athletic females.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sports Anemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: evaluating blood levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum transferrin and serum ferritin.

Detailed Description

In both the short and long term, physical training causes iron status deterioration in sporty females. Nonetheless, little is known about the effect of different forms of exercise (aerobic versus anaerobic) on haematological variables and iron status in sporty females during adolescence. As a result, the purpose of this study was to compare the haematological variables and iron status in aerobic versus anaerobic exercise in adolescent female athletes. Another goal was to compare aerobic and anaerobic groups in terms of iron status classifications, such as normal iron status, iron deficiency with or without anaemia.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 25

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Cairo, Egypt
    • Local clubs

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years to 19 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: N/A

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

They were chosen via advertisement in local Cairo clubs.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy, virginal, nonsmoker, female athletes.
• Age from 16 to 19 years.
• Body mass index < 25 kg/m2.
• Having the same socio-economic level.
• Following a normal balanced nutrition.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Using any medical or hormonal therapy that might influence the iron status.
• Vegetarian athletes.
• Having menorrhagia or amenorrhea.
• Chronic inflammatory condition or existing infection.
• Diabetic, hypertensive or cardiac athletes.
• Haematological disease (with the exception of iron deficiency with or without anaemia).
• Having transfusion of blood.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Aerobic group; long distance runners	Other: evaluating blood levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum transferrin and serum ferritin.; evaluating blood levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum transferrin and serum ferritin.
Anaerobic group; broad jumpers	Other: evaluating blood levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum transferrin and serum ferritin.; evaluating blood levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, serum transferrin and serum ferritin.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Assessment of hemoglobin (Hb)	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. An automatic cell counter (Sysmex XS 1000, Japan) was used to measure hemoglobin (Hb).	2 months
Assessment of hematocrit (Hct)	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. An automatic cell counter (Sysmex XS 1000, Japan) was used to measure hematocrit (Hct).	2 months
Assessment of red blood cell (RBC) count	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. An automatic cell counter (Sysmex XS 1000, Japan) was used to measure red blood cell (RBC) count.	2 months
Assessment of mean corpuscular volume (MCV)	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. An automatic cell counter (Sysmex XS 1000, Japan) was used to measure mean corpuscular volume (MCV).	2 months
Assessment of mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. An automatic cell counter (Sysmex XS 1000, Japan) was used to measure mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC).	2 months
Assessment of serum transferrin	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. The serum sample was centrifuged, and the serum transferrin was measured using COBAS Integra 400 plus, Switzerland.	2 months
Assessment of serum ferritin	Blood samples were collected between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. after an overnight fast and time of relaxation. The athletic girls were asked to refrain from exercising the day before sample. Blood was taken from the antecubital vein and placed in one EDTA tube and one beads tube for serum separation. The serum sample was centrifuged, and the serum ferritin was measured using ADVIA Centaur XPT, Germany.	2 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Anthropometric measures	A weight-height scale was used to assess the weight (Kg) and height (m) for each female athlete in the two groups. The body mass index (BMI) was then calculated by dividing the weight by the height squared (Kg/m2).	2 months
Assessment of participation age to sport	Each female athlete was asked about her age of participation to sport to assess her training profile.	2 months
Assessment of number of hours of training per week	Each female athlete was asked about the number of hours of training per week to assess her training profile.	2 months
Assessment of training experience	The training experience in years was calculated by subtracting the female athlete's age of participation to training from her chronological age.	2 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cairo University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Doaa A Osman, Assis. Prof., Physical Therapy for Woman's Health, Faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 31, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): October 31, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 20, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 28, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): February 1, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 26, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 24, 2023
• Last Verified: September 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: aerobic; adolescence; iron status; Hematological factors; anaerobic; athletic females
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Physiological Effects of Drugs; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Analgesics; Sensory System Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Chrysarobin
• Other Study ID Numbers: P.T.REC/012/004727

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No